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Background There is debate about the value of assessing levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and other biomarkers of inflammation for the prediction of first cardiovascular events. Methods We analyzed data from 52 prospective studies that included 246,669 participants without a history of cardiovascular disease to investigate the value of adding CRP or fibrinogen levels to conventional risk factors
Popular Abstract in Swedish Proteinkinas C i nervcellsutveckling Under fosterutvecklingen ska en enda cell, den befruktade äggcellen, ge upphov till alla de högt specialiserade celler som människokroppen består av. Den process där omogna celler utvecklas till t.ex. nervceller, blodceller och muskelceller kallas differentiering. Det som avgör vad en speciell cell ska utvecklas till är bl.a. vilka sThe human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y can be induced to differentiate into a neuronal sympathetic phenotype after treatment with 16 nM 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) in serum, or by a combination of the growth factors basic fibroblast growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-I (bFGF/IGF-I). SH-SY5Y cells stably transfected with TrkA, the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor, dif
The required thermal insulation in cold conditions and time limits for cold exposure can be predicted by the thermal index IREQ/DLE (Insulation REQuired), described in ISO/TR-11079. The thermal insulation of a clothing ensemble can be measured with a thermal manikin or estimated according to ISO 9920. The basic thermal insulation of single garments (Iclu) can be summated to estimate the basic insu
Background and objective: Human studies of arterio-venous (AV) differences in drug concentrations and the consequences for pharmacokinetic modelling and concentration-effect relationships are very limited. We therefore investigated the intravenous and intra-arterial concentrations of alcohol (ethanol) during the absorption, distribution and elimination stages of alcohol metabolism in healthy men.
ABSTRACT: muscle cells (VSMCs) through activation of endothelin type A (ETA) and type B (ETB) receptors. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are involved in ET-1-induced VSMC contraction and proliferation. This study was designed to investigate the ETA and ETB receptor intracellular signaling in human VSMCs and used phosphorylation (a
BACKGROUND: The association between knee alignment and knee pain in knee osteoarthritis (OA) is unclear. High tibial osteotomy, a treatment option in knee OA, alters load from the affected to the unaffected compartment of the knee by correcting malalignment. This surgical procedure thus offers the possibility to study the cross-sectional and longitudinal association of alignment to pain. The aims
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kol-kolinteraktioner utgör starka kemiska bindningar. Detta innebär att de är relativt svåra att både bryta och bilda. Föreliggande avhandling sammanfattar mekanistiska studier av två reaktioner, Stillereaktionen och Heckreaktionen, med hjälp av vilka kol-kolbindningar kan bildas. Ett vanligt förekommande sammanfattningsnamn för denna typ av reaktioner är korskopplingsrThe present thesis deals with various types of palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes and their use in homogeneous catalysis. The focus has been devoted to mechanistic investigations concerning the Stille and Heck reactions and studies under both catalytic and stoichiometric conditions were conducted. As a stoichiometric probe for studying the transmetallation step in the Stille reaction the pl
Context: Immune functions seem to have connections to variations in body fat mass. Studies of knockout mice indicate that endogenous interleukin (IL)-1 can suppress mature-onset obesity. Objective: To systematically investigate our hypotheses that single- nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and/or haplotypes variants in the IL-1 gene system are associated with fat mass. Subjects: The Gothenburg osteop
Precipitation is often the sole source of water replenishment in arid and semi-arid areas and, thus, plays a pertinent role in sustaining desert ecosystems. Revegetation over 40 years using mainly Artemisia ordosica and Caragana korshinskii at Shapotou Desert Experimental Research Station near Lanzhou, China, has established a dwarf-shrub and microbiotic soil crust cover on the stabilized sand dun
Data from measurements on the body burden Of (CS)-C-134, Cs-137 and K-40 in various Swedish populations between 1959 and 2001 has been compiled into a national database. The compilation is a co-operation between the Departments of Radiation Physics in Malmo and Goteborg, the National Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) and the Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI). In a previous study the effecti
Neoproterozoic high-grade metamorphic rocks of the lower to middle crust are exposed along parts of the East African Orogen (EAO). However, the mechanisms and rates of exhumation of these deep orogenic rocks remain unclear. In eastern Eritrea, the rocks of the EAO comprise two lithotectonic domains: Ghedem and Bizen. The Ghedem domain consists of low-angle mylonites among lower to middle crustal g
Background: Computed tomography (CT) lung densitometry has been demonstrated to be the most sensitive and specific outcome measure for the assessment of emphysema-modifying therapy, but the optimum densitometric index has yet to be determined and targeted sampling may be more sensitive than whole lung assessment. The EXAcerbations and CT scan as Lung Endpoints (EXACTLE) trial aimed to clarify the
OBJECTIVE: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is accompanied by impaired peripheral blood flow and endothelial dysfunction with decreased release of nitric oxide (NO). Strong evidence supports the existence of another vasodilatory substance, endothelium derived hyperpolarising factor (EDHF), which has not previously been studied in CHF. METHOD: CHF was induced by left coronary artery ligation resultin
Objectives To study the association between lifestyle risk factors and chronic hypertension by history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP: gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia) and investigate the extent to which these risk factors modify the association between HDP and chronic hypertension. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2013). Participants 5
Background: Nephrolithiasis (NL) is known to be associated with gout, although there are few comparative studies on risk and risk factors for NL in gout compared to population cohorts. In this cohort study we investigated: (1) overall incidence of NL in gout (cases) and general population controls; (2) risk and risk factors (common comorbidities and medications) for first-time NL in cases and cont
1. The spontaneous mechanical activity of guinea-pig mesotubarium consists of fused tetanic contractions lasting about 6 min, with a frequency of about four per hour. The muscle is completely relaxed between the contractions. Stretching the relaxed muscle elicits a contraction of the same appearance as the spontaneous ones. Comparison of preparations from oestrus (day 1 of the hormonal cycle), dio
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a disorder in which, despite the presence of islet antibodies at diagnosis of diabetes, the progression of autoimmune ß-cell failure is slow. LADA patients are therefore not insulin requiring, at least during the first 6 months after diagnosis of diabetes. Among patients with phenotypic type 2 diabetes, LADA occurs in 10% of individuals older than 35
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av fyra kapitel som behandlar olika aspekter av internationell handel och dess effekter på konkurrens och produktivitet. Särskilt behandlas effekterna av EU:s expansion och fördjupade integration. Första kapitlet använder den så kallade gravitationsmodellen för att analysera hur integrationsprocessen av de Central- och Östeuropeiska länderna i EU haThis thesis consists of four papers on trade, competition and productivity with particular emphasis on the effects of various aspects of the deepening and widening of the European Union. The first paper Trade Creation, Diversion and Displacement of the EU Enlargement Process provides an assessment of the effects of the EU enlargement process on trade. A new method of estimating the gravity model
