Filtyp
Objectives: To assess amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) MR imaging capabilities in differentiating high-grade glial tumors across alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX) expression, tumor-suppressor protein p53 expression (p53), O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter (MGMTp) methylation, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status, and proliferation marker Ki-67 (Ki-67 index)
BACKGROUND: Women with intellectual disabilities face significant barriers to gynecological, reproductive, antenatal, and perinatal care, which may adversely impact maternal and fetal health. Previous research indicates increased risks for gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, caesarean birth, preterm birth, and other complications in pregnant women with intellectual disabilities. However, studies
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The association between dairy intake and dementia risk remains uncertain, especially for dairy products with varying fat contents. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between high-fat and low-fat dairy intake and dementia risk.METHODS: This study used data from a prospective cohort in Sweden, the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort, which consisted of commu
Background: Biliary acute pancreatitis (AP) during pregnancy is a challenging situation, and current guidelines for AP, pregnancy care, and surgery do not specifically address its management. This study investigated the safety and effectiveness of cholecystectomy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) during pregnancy in AP. Methods: This international retrospective multicenter
BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive surgery is rapidly expanding globally, yet there is insufficient knowledge of how to scale this technology safely and equitably across diverse health systems. We aimed to identify health-system factors associated with safe implementation of minimally invasive surgery globally, using minimally invasive cholecystectomy as a tracer procedure.METHODS: We conducted a mult
INTRODUCTION: There are few recent studies on trends over time in functional outcome and mortality after stroke, with results separately presented for ischaemic stroke (IS) or ICH. We aimed to determine temporal changes in functional outcome and case-fatality 90 days after IS and ICH in Sweden between 2010 and 2019. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included patients (≥18 years) with first-ever IS or ICH r
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is one of the fastest-evolving human pathogens. Understanding HIV-1 transmission, within-host adaptation, and evolutionary dynamics is pivotal for development of interventions and vaccines. HIV-1 infection is generally caused by a single transmitted founder virus (TFV), and TFV sequences are typically obtained using single genome amplificatio
ObjectiveSex differences regarding the safety and efficacy of carotid revascularization in carotid artery stenosis have been addressed in several studies with conflicting results. Moreover, women are underrepresented in clinical trials leading to limited conclusions regarding the safety and efficacy of acute stroke treatments.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis was performed by literature
Background: To support a victim of violence and establish the correct penalty for the perpetrator, it is crucial to correctly evaluate and communicate the severity of the violence. Recent data have shown these communications to be biased. However, computational language models provide opportunities for automated evaluation of the severity to mitigate the biases. Objective: We investigated whether
Purpose: Real-time dynamic multileaf collimator (MLC) tracking for management of intrafraction tumor motion can be challenging for highly modulated beams, as the leaves need to travel far to adjust for target motion perpendicular to the leaf travel direction. The plan modulation can be reduced by using a leaf position constraint (LPC) that reduces the difference in the position of adjacent MLC lea
Main recommendations: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is the standard of care for the complete removal of large (≥ 10mm) nonpedunculated colorectal polyps (LNPCPs). Increased detection of LNPCPs owing to screening colonoscopy, plus high observed rates of incomplete resection and need for surgery call for a standardized approach to training in EMR. 1 Trainees in EMR should have achieved basic co
Aims: Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) has been proposed as an important pathophysiological mechanism in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). Our aims were (i) to evaluate and compare levels of CMD in patients with TTS and patients with ischaemia and no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) and (ii) to investigate associations between CMD and clinical parameters, left ventricular function, and corona
The behavioural variant of Alzheimer’s disease (bvAD) is characterized by early predominant behavioural changes, mimicking the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), which is characterized by social cognition deficits and altered biometric responses to socioemotional cues. These functions remain understudied in bvAD. We investigated multiple social cognition components (i.e. emoti
Background: To quantify cardiovascular health (CVH), the American Heart Association (AHA) recently launched an updated construct of the “Life's Simple 7” (LS7) score, the “Life's Essential 8” (LE8) score. This study aims to analyse the association between both CVH scores and carotid artery plaques and to compare the predictive capacity of such scores for carotid plaques. Methods: Randomly recruite
Background: The African continent hosts many industrial mining projects, and many more are planned due to recent prospecting discoveries and increasing demand for various minerals to promote a low-carbon future. The extraction of natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) represents an opportunity for economic development but also poses a threat to population health through rapid urbanisation a
BACKGROUND: The OVHIPEC-1 trial previously showed that the addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to interval cytoreductive surgery resulted in improved progression-free and overall survival compared with cytoreductive surgery alone at 4·7 years of follow-up in patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer who were ineligible for primary cytoreduction. We report the fina
BACKGROUND: Reproductive factors have been shown to be differentially associated with risk of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-negative breast cancer. However, their associations with intrinsic-like subtypes are less clear.METHODS: Analyses included up to 23 353 cases and 71 072 controls pooled from 31 population-based case-control or cohort studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortiu
Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patien
BACKGROUND: Fall accidents are a major cause of mortality among the elderly and the leading cause of traumatic brain injury. After a fall, many elderly people never completely recover and need help in coping with everyday life. Due to the increasing older population in the world, injuries, disabilities, and deaths caused by falls are a growing worldwide problem. Muscle weakness leads to greatly in
