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In this study we have investigated whether the carbon isotopic signature differs between different groups and species of marine phytoplankton depending on growth phase, nutrient conditions and salinity. The 15 investigated algal species, representing the Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae and Haptophyceae classes were grown in batch monocultures and analysed
Popular Abstract in English Background Palliative care is an approach characterized by a holistic view of the person, which supports the individual for living with dignity and with the best possible level of wellbeing until the end of life. Earlier studies have shown that older people do not have the same access to palliative care as younger people do. One reason for this could be that it is diffiThe aim of this thesis was to study nurse assistants’ experience of palliative care and to investigate how an intervention with a focus on a palliative care approach in residential care facilities influenced the nurse assistants and their work situation. The thesis is based on two qualitative and two quantitative studies, focusing on nurse assistants working at residential care facilities for olde
För statligt anställda och statligt verksamma gäller speciella ansvarsregler. Uppsatsen inriktar sig på att utreda tillämpningen av tjänstefel och disciplinansvar. Det första är en straffrättslig sanktion då fel begåtts i tjänsten i samband med myndighetsutövning. Det andra är ett arbetsrättsligt/förvaltningsrättsligt administrativt förfarande som myndigheter kan tillgripa gentemot sina anställda For state employees and those who exercise public authority, special liability rules apply in regards to professional misconduct. The essay focuses on investigating the application of disciplinary offence (breach of duty) in both criminal law and labour law. Disciplinary offence in criminal law is regulated in the Penal Code (brottsbalken) which applies when the violation committed is made within
Ett väl fungerande skattesystem utgör basen för finansieringen av välfärdssystemet. Skatteflykt ger upphov till skattebaserosion, ett fenomen som ger upphov till stora kostnader, såväl för Sverige som för andra stater och försvårar finansieringen av välfärdssystemet. Generalklausuler utgör ett verktyg mot skatteflykt. I Sverige finns sedan många år tillbaka en generalklausul mot skatteflykt i skatThe basis for the funding of welfare systems is a well-functioning tax system. Tax base erosion, founded in tax avoidance, imposes significant costs for both Sweden and other countries and it risks obstructing the funding of the welfare system. General Anti-Avoidance Rules (GAARs) is an instrument for countering tax avoidance. For many years, Sweden has had a GAAR in the Swedish Anti-Avoidance Act
Konkurrensklausuler i anställningsavtal avser att begränsa arbetstagares rätt att fritt konkurrera efter avslutad anställning. Uppsatsen ämnar att bedöma om 2015 års överenskommelse om konkurrensklausuler är att betrakta som god sed på arbetsmarknaden. Denna fråga måste först besvaras innan uppsatsens huvudfråga kan besvaras, nämligen om perdurerande viten är tillåtna i konkurrensklausuler och om The purpose of a competition clause in a employment contract is to restrain the employees possibilities to compete with the former employer after he or she quits the employment. This study aims to assess if the 2015 collective agreement on competition clauses in employment contracts is to be regarded as good practice in the Swedish labor market i.e become binding on all employers and employees whe
Syftet med examensarbetet är att analysera möjligheten att tillämpa en generell skatteflyktsregel på en rättshandling som omfattas av ett skatteavtal, utan att en konflikt kan anses uppstå. Anledningen att en konflikt skulle kunna anses uppstå är att skatteavtalet stadgar en viss beskattning och den generella skatteflyktsregeln en annan. Utgångspunkten för analysen i uppsatsen är kommentaren till The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the possibility of applying a general anti-avoidance rule on a transaction covered by a tax treaty without a conflict can be considered to arise. The reason that a conflict could be considered to arise, is that the tax treaty statues a taxation which differs from the taxation statuted by the internal general anti-avoidance rule. The main focus for the analy
En medlemsstats nationella inkomstskatteregel som hindrar eller inskränker EUF-fördragets bestämmelser om fri rörlighet kan anses vara rättfärdigad om den uppfyller vissa kriterier. Det centrala i denna uppsats är den bedömning som EU-domstolen gör för att avgöra huruvida regeln är rättfärdigad eller ej. Detta innebär att uppsatsen innehåller en redogörelse för det så kallade rule of reason-testetA member state’s national income tax legislation, which prevents or restricts the provisions on free movement in the Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union, can be justified if it meets certain criteria. The essence of this thesis is the assessment made by the European Court of Justice (the Court) to determine whether the legislation is justified or not. This means that this thesis contai
Recently, several regions in southern Sweden suffered extremely low groundwater levels following a long-term infrequency in rainfall. In response, irrigation was banned in many of the affected municipalities during 2016–2017, amongst which Mörbylånga municipality was one. Because nearly half of the nation’s drinking water is extracted from groundwater, protecting and managing this vital resource i
Advances in stem cell research and therapeutic development Review Article https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-019-0344-z 1Center for Regenerative Medicine “Stefano Ferrari”, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. 2San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget) and Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffael
Human galectins have functionally divergent roles, although most of the members of the galectin family bind weakly to the simple disaccharide lactose (Galss1-4Glc). To assess galectin-glycan interactions in more detail, we explored the binding of several important galectins (Gal-1, Gal-2, and Gal-3) on a glycan microarray containing hundreds of structurally diverse glycans. All three galectins exh
Lepidopteran pheromone receptors (PRs), for which orthologies are evident among closely related species, provide an intriguing example of gene family evolution in terms of how new functions may arise. However, only a limited number of PRs have been functionally characterized so far and thus evolutionary scenarios suffer from elements of speculation. In this study we investigated the turnip moth Ag
Anthracyclines and taxanes are active cytotoxic drugs in the treatment of early metastatic breast cancer. It is yet unclear whether addition of capecitabine to the combination of these drugs improves the treatment outcome. Patients with advanced breast cancer were randomized to first-line chemotherapy with a combination of epirubicin (Farmorubicin(A (R))) and paclitaxel (Taxol(A (R))) alone (ET) o
Understanding the mechanisms of complex polygenic diseases like type 2 diabetes (T2D) is as complex as their nature. Cellular processes involved in glucose homeostasis need high and reliable energy supply. Mitochondria are the major energy producers in mammalian cells. Since majority of the mitochondrial genes are encoded by the nuclear genome, a tightly regulated and coordinated nuclear-mitochond
Aim: The objective of this study was to describe patients who experienced an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) by age group. Methods: All patients who suffered from an OHCA between 1990 and 2005 and are included in the Swedish Cardiac Arrest Registry (n = 40,503) were classified into the following age groups: neonates, younger than 1 year; young children, between 1 and 4 years; older children,
Background: Recent evidence suggests that stroke is increasing as a cause of morbidity and mortality in younger adults, where it carries particular significance for working individuals. Accurate and up-to-date estimates of stroke burden are important for planning stroke prevention and management in younger adults. Objectives: This study aims to estimate prevalence, mortality and disability-adjuste
Popular Abstract in Swedish Reumatoid artrit/ledgångsreumatism (RA) är en kronisk inflammatorisk sjukdom som i första hand drabbar lederna. Man uppskattar sjukdomens förekomst i den vuxna befolkningen till cirka en halv procent och den är 2-4 gånger vanligare hos kvinnor. Vi vet inte vad som orsakar RA, men såväl ärftliga som omgivningsfaktorer har betydelse. RA har ett varierande förlopp. Dels kaRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by persistent inflammation, progressive joint damage and disability. This thesis describes the outcome after 10 years in a cohort of 183 RA patients (116 women, 67 men) recruited 1985-89. The mean age was 51 years and symptom duration 11 months at inclusion. Standardized clinical, biochemical and radiographic assessments were performed annually. Health st
AIMS: Previous studies have identified sex disparities in the use of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), although the basis of underutilization in women remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to assess sex differences in patterns of CRT use with our without ICD.METHODS AND RESULTS: In this cross-sectional study using the National
Popular Abstract in Swedish Gummi är inte enbart olinjärt elastiskt, det är också beroende av töjningshastighet och töjningsamplitud. Kombinationen av de olinjära elastiska egenskaperna och amplitudberoendet behandlas av de modeller som föreslås i avhandlingen. Modellerna är utformade så att de snabbt ska kunna implementeras i industrin.Rubber is not only a non-linear elastic material, it is also dependent on strain rate, temperature and strain amplitude. The non-linear elastic property and the strain amplitude dependence give a non-linear dynamic behavior that is covered by the models suggested in this thesis. The focus is on a finite element procedure for modelling these dynamic properties of rubber in a way that is easy to ado
This study aimed to compare the duration of protection against exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) after inhalation of formoterol (Oxis) Turbuhaler with that of terbutaline Turbuhaler and placebo Turbuhaler in asthmatic patients treated regularly with formoterol Turbuhaler 9 microg b.i.d. and inhaled steroids. The study. performed at three centres (Goteborg and Lund, Sweden, and Trondheim,
The Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) is a well-established instrument in the study of obesity-related eating behaviours among children. However, research using the CEBQ in multicultural samples is limited. This study aims to identify and examine differences in child eating behaviours as reported by Swedish-born and non-Swedish-born mothers living in Sweden. Mothers (n = 1310, 74 countri
