Filtyp
Läkemedelsförsäljningen i Sverige och Europa karakteriseras av kravet på försäljningstillstånd. Tillstånd kan erhållas både av nationell myndighet, för Sveriges del Läkemedelsverket, och genom den europeiska myndigheten The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medical Products (EMEA). Reglerna om erhållande av tillstånd och försäljning av läkemedel existerar för att säkerställa att läkemedlen är
INTRODUCTION: Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic motor or vocal tic disorder (CTD) are neurodevelopmental disorders associated with functional impairment and reduced quality of life. Behavioral therapy (BT) is an effective treatment, but lack of experienced practitioners makes it hard for patients to receive appropriate help. One approach to bridge the gap between demand and availability is to off
Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) are important components of soil microbial communities, and EMF biomass can potentially increase carbon (C) stocks by accumulating in the soils as necromass and producing recalcitrant structures. EMF growth depends on the C allocated belowground by the host trees, and the nutrient limitation on tree growth is expected to influence this allocation. Therefore, studying EM
In 1996 there was no convincing laboratory evidence that EMFs used in wireless communication could cause tumour promotion at non-thermal exposure levels. Therefore we then performed a study of the effects from exposure to such electromagnetic fields in the rat brain glioma model we were using in our research for brain tumour therapy. By stereotaxic technique rat glioma cells (RG2 or N32) were inje
SummarySustainable sewage sludge management has been a heavily debated topic in Europe for more than a decade. Due to its content of pollutants such as heavy metals, pharmaceuticals and other organic micropollutants, the use of sewage sludge for farmland application is currently banned or restricted in most European countries. Therefore, alternative methods for sludge management are discussed. The
In 2010 there will be a political resolution to ensure that the Swedish society is accessible to all citizens including people with disabilities. For this purpose a national action plan for disability policy "From patient to citizen" (Govt. Bill 1999/2000:79) has been set out with the aim of ensuring that the disability perspective will permeate every sector of society and that the appro
En effekt av den globaliserade ekonomin är att skattekonkurrensen mellan länderna ökar. Skattekonkurrensen leder till att många länder sänker sina skattesatser och inför lättnadslagstiftningar för vissa typer av företag. När en stat minskar sina skattenivåer för att locka till sig investeringar och bolag från andra länder anses det ofta utgöra skadlig skattekonkurrens. Detta fenomen har på senare
Efter en lång diskussion om skalbolagsaffärer samt en kraftig ökning av dessa transaktioner, trädde nya regler mot handel av skalbolag i kraft den 1 juli 2002, (SFS 2002:536-539), vilka infördes i inkomstskattelagens 49 a kapitel. En otillbörlig skalbolagstransaktion innebär att priset på bolaget sätts med utgångspunkt att skalbolaget inte skall betala den skatt efter försäljningen som belöper på
The subject of the present thesis is children’s rights in the process of debt collection. The main focus of the thesis is article 3.1 of Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and its legal relevance in proportionality tests prior to decisions on seizure and sales of houses and apartments in Swedish insolvency law. The thesis is based on two studies. One legal dogmatic study on Swedish enforc
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that infect bacteria, at the end of their life cycle produce a set of enzymes called endolysins to lyse host cells from within, facilitating the release of the viral progeny. Due to their lytic activity, endolysins have gained great interest as potential antibacterials targeting both Gram–positive and –negative bacteria, especially in the actual context of in
The aim of the present European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guideline is to provide evidence-based recommendations on the acute management of patients with basilar artery occlusion (BAO). These guidelines were prepared following the Standard Operational Procedure of the ESO and according to the GRADE methodology. Although BAO accounts for only 1–2% of all strokes, it has very poor natural outcome. W
Background: The migratory process in birds consists of alternating periods of flight and fueling. Individuals of some populations make few flights and long stopovers, while others make multiple flights between short stopovers. Shorebirds are known for executing marathon flights (jumps), but most populations studied are long distance migrants, often crossing major barriers and thus forced to make l
Purpose: The glycosaminoglycans chondroitin sulfate (CS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are important for the normal function of articular cartilage, and changes of their sulfation and concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, these glycans may be clinically useful as biomarkers in OA management. The purpose of this study was to analyze the CS and HA pattern in
OBJECTIVE: Dysregulation of retinal microglial activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Microglia activity can be regulated through the membrane protein CD200 and its corresponding receptor, the CD200 receptor (CD200R). Because both the ligand and the receptor are expressed on a broad spectrum of cell types, we set out to study the expressio
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) trauma often occurs in combination with injury to the articular cartilage of the knee, this can result in earlier radiographic evidence of post traumatic osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee compared to the contralateral, ACL intact knee; however, the biomechanical and biological mechanisms associated with the onset and progression of this disease are not understood. We
BACKGROUND: Preterm birth remains the major risk factor for the development of intraventricular hemorrhage, an injury that occurs in 25% of very low birth weight infants. Intraventricular hemorrhage is thought to be venous in origin and intrinsic thromboses in the germinal matrix are likely to play a triggering role. Antithrombin, a glycoprotein synthesized in the liver, is the major plasma inhibi
BACKGROUND: Obesity is positively associated with colorectal cancer. Recently, body size subtypes categorised by the prevalence of hyperinsulinaemia have been defined, and metabolically healthy overweight/obese individuals (without hyperinsulinaemia) have been suggested to be at lower risk of cardiovascular disease than their metabolically unhealthy (hyperinsulinaemic) overweight/obese counterpart
Aim: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate β-cell function, and β-cell mitochondria and insulin secretion are perturbed in diabetes. We aimed to identify key miRNAs regulating β-cell mitochondrial metabolism and novel β-cell miRNA-mitochondrial pathways. Methods: TargetScan (http://www.targetscan.org/) was used to predict if 16 miRNAs implicated in β-cell function target 27 cis-eGenes implicated in mitochon
Popular Abstract in Swedish Transplantation av nervvävnad till hjärnan är inte en ny idé. Redan 1890, publiserade Thompson de första försöken att transplantera vuxen hjärnvävnad till det vuxna centrala nervsystemet och han rapporterade att vävnaden överlevde i sju veckor "without wholly losing its identity". Trots detta var det först under 1970-talet som metoderna för intracerebral nervcellstranspIntracerebral neuronal transplantation have been shown to ameliorate symptoms of brain dysfunction in both animals models and Parkinson's disease, although problems still remain. The newly introduced technique of ex vivo gene transfer could serve as an alternative approach, possible avoiding some of the draw-backs of the embryonal tissue used in neuronal grafting. We have investigated the feasibli
In today’s highly competitive market place it is of great importance for companies to deliver reliable products while decreasing the development time and costs. The time to market is a driving force for many companies, and throughout the engineering design process as well as the manufacturing process, the focus is on finding timesaving actions. However, the search for timesaving actions will most
