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We describe the outcome of a data challenge conducted as part of the Dark Machines (https://www.darkmachines.org) initiative and the Les Houches 2019 workshop on Physics at TeV colliders. The challenged aims to detect signals of new physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) using unsupervised machine learning algorithms. First, we propose how an anomaly score could be implemented to define model-
Synthetic biology has established powerful tools to precisely control cell function. Engineering these systems to meet clinical requirements has enormous medical implications. Here, we adopted a clinically driven design process to build receptors for the autonomous control of therapeutic cells. We examined the function of key domains involved in regulated intramembrane proteolysis and showed that
Soil and groundwater contamination is an increasingly recognised threat to public health and the environment around the globe. New types of contaminants continue to emerge, and awareness of their threat, continues to develop. Many countries have national clean-up programs with priority lists of the most hazardous contaminated sites. Investigation and remediation of these sites, however, take a lon
This paper presents the hardware/software generation backend of a code generation framework. The backend aims at synthesizing complete systems based on RISC-V cores with accelerators from a single-language description. The framework takes the dataflow description of an algorithm as input and generates a combination of hardware (in Chisel) and software (in C) that interacts with the hardware. The h
This intervention will explain the life-worlds of Lebanon’s Shi‘is is distinct, shaped thoroughly by the community’s entanglement in a) the complex alliances and power-sharing arrangements characteristic of the Lebanese political system, b) geopolitical alignments and regionwide politics of hyper-sectarianisation, and c) the dynamics of protracted conflicts (not only in Lebanon and between Lebanon
Studies on animal colour vision typically focus on the chromatic aspect of colour, which is related to the spectral distribution, and disregard the achromatic aspect, which is related to the intensity (“brightness”) of a stimulus. Although the chromatic component of vision is often most reliable for object recognition because it is fairly context independent, the achromatic component may provide a
Background In vivo studies of airway pathology in obstructive lung disease are limited by poor quality of specimens obtained with forceps. Obtainment of cryobiopsies has increased diagnostic yield in cancer and interstitial lung disease but has not been used in patients with asthma. In a recent pilot study, we found mucosal cryobiopsies to be larger and more intact than conventional forceps biopsi
Amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology is one of the earliest detectable brain changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. The overall load and spatial distribution of brain Aβ can be determined in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET), for which three fluorine-18 labelled radiotracers have been approved for clinical use. In clinical practice, trained readers will categorise scans as either Aβ pos
Current local or regional flood risk assessments, as required by the EU flood risk directive, rarely account for cascading effects due to interdependencies between critical infrastructures. However, it is essential to consider these effects, as they may severely impact areas outside the immediate flood risk area. The main purpose is to present and problematize a method (AB-CEM) for mapping and ana
Hydrodynamic forces from ships operating in sheltered, confined fairways can result in increased wave impact and sediment transport leading to loss of land and habitats. Nature-based solutions (NBS) offer the potential to mitigate ship-induced erosion and increase biodiversity and ecosystem services. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of NBS in a sheltered, confined fairway locat
We present a new, scalable alternative to the structured singular value, which we call ν, provide a convex upper bound, study their properties and compare them to ℓ1 robust control. The analysis relies on a novel result on the relationship between robust control of dynamical systems and non-negative constant matrices.
Recent spinal cord literature abounds with descriptions of genetic preprogramming and the molecular control of circuit formation. In this paper, we explore to what extent circuit formation based on learning rather than preprogramming could explain the selective formation of the monosynaptic projections between muscle spindle primary afferents and homonymous motoneurons. We adjusted the initially r
α-deuterated carboxylic acids have been synthesized from the corresponding malonic acids via hydrogen/deuterium exchange and decarboxylation in presence of D2O. The method is general, mild and efficient and does not require organic solvents or other additives. Yields range between 83% and 94% and purification was not necessary. Starting materials were easy accessible and the α-deuterated carboxyli
With the increase in the number of antennas at base stations (BSs), centralized multi-antenna architectures have encountered scalability problems from excessive interconnection bandwidth to the central processing unit (CPU), as well as increased processing complexity. Thus, research efforts have been directed towards finding decentralized receiver architectures where a part of the processing is pe
Microalgal biomass may have biostimulating effects on plants and seeds due to its phytohormonal content, and harnessing this biostimulating effect could contribute to sustainable agriculture. Two Nordic strains of freshwater microalgae species Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus were each cultivated in a photobioreactor receiving untreated municipal wastewater. The algal biomass and the su
Given the increasing prevalence of problematic gaming, in 2013, the diagnosis “Internet gaming disorder (IGD)” was included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) as a potential diagnosis. With a new diagnosis, it is important to determine treatment options. The importance of the parent–child relationship has been emphasised in problematic gaming and its
The aim of this work is to investigate the planar LIF/Mie droplet sizing technique from an experimental and theoretical point of view. This technique is a good alternative compared to point measurements (e.g., phase Doppler anemometry) or integral approaches (e.g., laser diffraction). It allows measurement of the Sauter mean diameter over a wide field, providing the spray topology and droplet size
This innovative book argues that meetings are a crucial feature of modern organisations, demonstrating that, contrary to popular belief, meetings are what define, represent and maintain organisations. Through an in-depth analysis of ethnographic case studies, Patrik Hall, Malin Åkerström and Erika Andersson Cederholm illustrate the inner workings of meetings, exploring phenomena such as meeting ch
Context. The Gaia DR3 catalogue contains, for the first time, about 800 000 solutions with either orbital elements or trend parameters for astrometric, spectroscopic, and eclipsing binaries, and combinations of these three. Aims. With this paper, we aim to illustrate the huge potential of this large non-single-star catalogue. Methods. Using the orbital solutions and models of the binaries, we have
