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BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a major public health issue causing chronic pain, impaired physical function, and reduced quality of life. As there is no cure, self-management of symptoms via exercise is recommended by all current international clinical guidelines. This review updates one published in 2015.OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the effects of land-based exercise for people with kn

På Lunds universitet finns ett tvärvetenskapligt nätverk för forskare med anknytning till textil och mode. Under ett möte i februari presenterades flera nya samverkansmöjligheter inom området, till exempel genom universitetets nya kompetenscentrum REAL som samlar forskning, utbildning och innovation inom handel och logistik och genom projektet MCRS som är en systemdemonstrator för framtidens tillvPå Lunds universitet finns ett tvärvetenskapligt nätverk för forskare med anknytning till textil och mode. Under ett möte i februari presenterades flera nya samverkansmöjligheter inom området, till exempel genom universitetets nya kompetenscentrum REAL som samlar forskning, utbildning och innovation inom handel och logistik och genom projektet MCRS som är en systemdemonstrator för framtidens tillv

Background: The relationship between dyslipidemia, inflammation and CV organ damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is complex. Insulin resistance and inflammatory cytokines interleukins (ILs) increase plasma triglycerides (TG). ILs also up-regulate expression of matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs) that, together with TG, decrease high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels. High TG, low HDL

Abstract: Alterations in the levels and activity of Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaM‐kinase II) were studied in the rat hippocampus during and after insulin‐induced hypoglycemic coma. A permanent loss of CaM‐kinase II immunohistostaining in the neuronal layer begins at 10 min of isoelectricity in the tip of the dentate gyrus and at 30‐min isoelectricity in the CA1 region. The reduc

Following stress such as heat shock or transient cerebral ischemia, global brain protein synthesis initiation is depressed through modulation of eucaryotic initiation factor (eIF) activities, and modification of ribosomal subunits. Concomitantly, expression of a certain class of mRNA, heat-shock protein (HSP) mRNA, is induced. Here we report that the activity of eucaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF

Binding of 125I-insulin-like growth factor-1 (125I-IGF-1) to rat brain slices was studied after 15 min of two-vessel occlusion ischemia and 1 h to 4 days of recirculation. Ligand binding in the hippocampus increased at 6 h post ischemia in the CA1 and CA3 regions and the dentate gyrus, suggesting that the IGF-1 receptors were up-regulated, while no change was seen in neocortex and striatum. Intrac

Changes in ligand binding to adrenoceptors ([3H]prazosin to α1-receptors, [3H]idazoxan to α2-receptors and [125I]cyanopindolol to β-receptors) following transient cerebral ischemia were investigated using autoradiographic methods. The binding was quantified in brain sections from control rats, rats subjected to 15 min of 2-vessel occlusion ischemia, and rats with recirculation times of 1 h, 1 week

A brief, 3 min period of global forebrain ischemia in the rat, induced by bilateral common carotid occlusion combined with hypotension, confers resistance to hippocampal pyramidal neurons against a subsequent 10 min ischemia, which is normally lethal to these cells. The molecular mechanisms underlying this ischemic preconditioning, or tolerance, are poorly understood. The tumor suppressor p53 is a

Rats were exposed to insulin-induced hypoglycemia resulting in periods of cerebral isoelectricity ranging from 10 to 60 min. After recovery with glucose, they were allowed to wake up and survive for 1 week. Control rats were recovered at the stage of EEG slowing. After sub-serial sectioning, the number and distribution of dying neurons was assessed in each brain region. Acid fuchsin was found to s

Aim: The aim of the study was to deepen the current knowledge of how patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and long-term oxygen treatment think about and expect end-of-life. Design: A qualitative design was used. Methods: A purposeful sample of 19 patients with oxygen-dependent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was obtained from the Swedish National Registry on Respiratory Failur

The immune control of tuberculosis (TB) infection could be influenced by pregnancy. To elucidate this, we longitudinally characterized Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific and nonspecific immune responses in women during pregnancy and postpartum. HIV-uninfected women without past or current active TB, and with blood samples available from the 1st/2nd trimester, 3rd trimester, and 9 months pos

IMPORTANCE: Chronic breathlessness is common in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Regular, low-dose, extended-release morphine may relieve breathlessness, but evidence about its efficacy and dosing is needed.OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of different doses of extended-release morphine on worst breathlessness in people with COPD after 1 week of treatment.DESIGN, SETTING

BACKGROUND: Neuronal damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is common, but the extent and mechanisms are unclear. Neurofilament light (NfL) concentrations rise in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during neuronal damage in various neurological disorders. In this cross-sectional study, plasma and CSF concentrations of NfL were explored as a marker of neuronal damage in SLE.METHODS: Seventy

Objective: Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has previously shown alterations in cerebral perfusion in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the results have been inconsistent, in particular regarding neuropsychiatric (NP) SLE. Thus, we investigated perfusion-based measures in different brain regions in SLE patients with and without NP invo

Objective: To update evidence for available therapies in the treatment of hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to examine whether research evidence has changed from 31 January 2006 to 31 January 2009. Methods: A systematic literature search was undertaken using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, Science Citation Index and the Cochrane Library. The quality of studies was assessed. Effect sizes (ESs) an

Objective: To examine the associations between five major adverse pregnancy outcomes and long term risks of ischemic heart disease in mothers. Design: National cohort study. Setting: Sweden. Participants: All 2 195 266 women with a first singleton delivery in Sweden during 1973-2015. Main outcome measures: The main outcome measure was incidence of ischemic heart disease from delivery to 2018, iden

Ecogeographical rules, describing common trends in animal form across space and time, have provided key insights into the primary factors driving species diversity on our planet. Among the most well-known ecogeographical rules are Bergmann's rule and Allen's rule, with each correlating ambient temperature to the size and shape of endotherms within a species. In recent years, these two rules have a