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The objective of this paper is to investigate how the combustion chamber design will influence combustion parameters and emissions in a natural gas SI engine. Ten different geometries were tried on a converted Volvo TD102 engine. For the different combustion chambers emissions and the pressure in the cylinder have been measured. The pressure in the cylinder was then used in a one-zone heat-releas
In order to produce drinking water, coagulants - such as aluminium salts - are widely used for precipitation and separation of impurities from raw water. The residual from the process is sludge, which presents a disposal problem. The REAL process is a method for recycling the aluminium from the sludge. In a first step, the aluminium hydroxide is dissolved in sulphuric acid. In a second step, an ul
Thermal radiation sometimes is the dominating heat transfer mode in combustion chambers and furnaces and therefore in the design of many relevant industrial facilities prediction of it is necessary. During previous years many research efforts in the radiative heat transfer field have originated and many methods and models from simple to complex have been developed. However, the field is still open
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Rat models are useful for studies of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) since rats are extraordinarily sensitive to induction of arthritis with adjuvants. Injection of not only the classical complete Freund's adjuvant but also mineral oil without mycobacteria and pure adjuvants such as pristane and squalene, induce severe arthritis in many rat strains. Models like pristane-induced arthr
The basic ideas of k(t)-factorization and CCFM parton evolution is discussed. The unintegrated gluon densities, obtained from CCFM fits to the proton structure function data at HERA are used to predict hadronic final state cross-sections like jet production at HERA, but also comparisons with recent measurements of heavy quark production at the Tevatron are presented. Finally, the k(t)-factorizatio
New strategies for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) require improved insight into disease etiology. We analyzed 386,731 common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 1464 patients with T2D and 1467 matched controls, each characterized for measures of glucose metabolism, lipids, obesity, and blood pressure. With collaborators (FUSION and WTCCC/UKT2D), we identified and confirmed
Stoichiometric Al2O3 films are produced with a pure Al source in the metallic state in an O2+Ar gas mixture using reactive d.c. magnetron sputtering. Substrates as large as 70×100 cm2 are uniformly coated at room temperature while moving in front of the cathode. The key to the success lies in utilizing a sufficiently high working gas pressure and a sufficiently large source-to-substrate distance.
A non-associated plasticity theory for granular materials has been developed in Part 1 based on the concept of a characteristic stress state of vanishing incremental dilation. The model is fully three-dimensional and is defined by six material parameters: two for elastic stiffness, one for plastic stiffness, two for the shapes of yield and plastic potential surfaces and one for the dilation at fai
A boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) facility has been constructed at Studsvik, Sweden. It includes two filter/moderator configurations. One of the resulting neutron beams has been optimized for clinical irradiations with a filter/moderator system that allows easy variation of the neutron spectrum from the thermal to the epithermal energy range. The other beam has been designed to produce a larg
We present an experimental comparison of magnetoconductance fluctuations measured in the ballistic, quasiballistic, and diffusive scattering regimes of semiconductor devices. In contradiction to expectations, we show that the spectral content of the magnetoconductance fluctuations exhibits an identical fractal behavior for these scattering regimes and that this behavior is remarkably insensitive t
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avregleringen av elmarknaden uppmuntrar kraftbolag och oberoende kraftproducenter till att driva sina kraftverksanläggningar på ett marknadsorienterat sätt. För att behålla de ekonomiska marginalerna på plussidan så har de mest populära åtgärderna varit att förbättra elverkningsgraden genom ändringar i hårdvaran samt höja totalverkningsgraden genom till exempel samproduThe deregulation of the electricity market drives utilities and independent power producers to operate heat and power plants as profit centers. In order to keep the economic margins on the credit side, the preferred measures have been to improve the electrical efficiency through changes in the hardware and boost the overall efficiency through e.g. combined heat and power (CHP) generation. The bett
