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Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have produced outcomes varying from no effect at all to high efficacy and durable effects over time. This review analyzed differences in the protocols used in FMT RCTs for IBS in the recently published literature with the aim of identifying the factors responsible for the s
Natural polymers are promising sustainable materials for diverse applications. Xylans, major components of hemicellulose, exhibit origin-dependent substitution patterns that determine their physicochemical properties. Targeted enzymatic modification of these substituents offers a mild and precise approach for tailoring the polymer's characteristics. Glucuronidases (EC 3.2.1.139) and xylan α-1,2-gl
We explore mental health as a potential mechanism to explain the labor market penalty of an early-onset physical disability using administrative data from Sweden. For methodological reasons, we focus on persons with Cerebral Palsy (CP) and use prescriptions for mental health conditions. We examine how much of the differences in labor market outcomes is explained by prescriptions for mental health
Background and ObjectivesThe number of older adults living alone is increasing globally, often with varied risks and resilience capacities. Digital technologies may help mitigate these risks, but their potential remains poorly understood. This review maps evidence on digital technologies in social and health care interventions for older adults living alone, focusing on technology types, functions,
Thermal energy storage is likely to be integral to a sustainable, secure and affordable energy system facing ever greater challenges in matching supply and demand. Techno-economic studies have explored the potential for thermal storage deployment, but transitions in the energy system are also influenced by the activities and decisions of an array of actors. We gathered new empirical evidence from
We study attitudes toward offering monetary payments for vaccination. We develop the Policy Lab, an experimental paradigm to characterize policy preferences in which participants decide whether to implement actual interventions to influence others' real-world behavior. In two studies with representative samples of the Swedish population (N=2,010) and one with Swedish policymakers (N=2,008), partic
BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and a growing healthcare challenge. Amyloid-targeting therapies (ATT) may slow progression, but implementation is limited by logistical and economic barriers. As primary care is the first contact for most patients with cognitive concerns, quantifying treatment eligibility in this setting is essential. The purpose of this study
Engineering risk assessment has traditionally focused on direct impacts to individual assets or systems. However, as society's most notable risks increasingly stem from complex, interdependent systems, conventional methods fail to capture the cascading consequences and deepening uncertainty. Addressing this gap requires developing or extending assessment methods. To guide such development and alig
Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a promising service for the Internet of Things (IoT), providing a cost-effective and sustainable solution to deploy so-called energy-neutral devices on a massive scale. The power received at the device side from a conventional transmit antenna with a physically small aperture decays rapidly with the distance. New opportunities arise from the transition from convent
We study stochastic pairwise interaction network systems whereby a finite population of agents, identified with the nodes of a (directed) graph, update their states in response to both individual mutations and pairwise interactions with their neighbors. The considered class of systems includes the main epidemic models —such as the SIS, SIR, and SIRS models—, certain social dynamics models —such as
A growing empirical and theoretical literature has investigated to what extent socioeconomic inequalities are influenced by the outcomes and characteristics of ancestors prior to the parental generation. This paper contributes by examining multigenerational associations of earnings and occupational status in the entire Swedish population born 1968-1976, amounting to over 200,000 three-generation l
Synthesizing representative weather data sets that reflect both typical and extreme conditions is essential for reliable hygrothermal simulations, especially when considering future climates, which involve significant uncertainties. In this study, multiple representative weather data sets are generated using various methods, broadly categorized based on picking the representative months using vari
Purpose: The purpose of this in-depth interview study was to explore how parents of children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) experienced genetic testing and whether they experienced risks and benefits. Background: Most children with SNHL have a genetic etiology, which can be identified through genetic sequencing. A genetic test does not influence treatment, and whether patients and parents
Photon counting computed tomography (PCCT) provides exceptional image quality with reduced radiation dose in temporal bone imaging and is emerging as a potential new gold standard. This study aims to assess the feasibility of an in-house micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) system equipped with Photon Counting Detector (PCD) technology and to compare it with a clinical PCCT scanner for temporal bo
The unquenchable thirst for bandwidth to support next-generation wireless systems is increasingly bringing D-band into the spotlight. This work proposes a scalable D-band patch antenna that features both coplanar and stacked parasitic patch structures. By leveraging inter-patch coupling, different coplanar parasitic elements are excited across different frequency bands, enabling multi-mode operati
We present a canonical series expansion for generalized harmonic functions in the open unit disc in the complex plane that generalizes that recently obtained for the class of (Formula presented.) -harmonic functions.
OBJECTIVE: Q-space trajectory imaging (QTI) enables detailed characterization of tissue microstructure. Achieving high spatial resolution is challenging due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), particularly on clinical MRI systems with limited gradient capabilities and coil options. This study assessed the potential of denoising methods to improve the resolution of QTI in the brain on a radiotherap
Freshwater ecosystems in the central Andes provide critical ecosystem services (ES), including water purification, baseflow regulation, groundwater recharge, and cultural and recreational benefits. However, these high-mountain systems are increasingly threatened by changing land use, climate variability, and accelerating pressure on water resources. Understanding local willingness to pay for conse
