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Context: In older women, the magnitude of elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) and its consequence is unclear.Objective: To describe normal PTH profiles over time and the association with mortality.Design and Participants: There were 1044 community-dwelling women in the Malmö Osteoporosis Prospective Risk Assessment cohort (OPRA) who attended baseline (age 75 years). Follow-ups were attended by 715

Bone mineral density (BMD) assessed by DXA is used to evaluate bone health. In children, total body (TB) measurements are commonly used; in older individuals, BMD at the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) is used to diagnose osteoporosis. To date, genetic variants in more than 60 loci have been identified as associated with BMD. To investigate the genetic determinants of TB-BMD variation alon

Background: Few studies have analysed the long-term effects of biological treatment in psoriasis. PsoReg, the Swedish national register for systemic psoriasis treatment, started in 2006 and now includes 10 years of real-world data on the effectiveness of biological treatment. Objectives: To analyse the long-term real-world outcome data of patients who are biologically naïve with moderate-to-severe

Background: Analyzing Body Mass Index as a didactical example, the study by Evans, Williams, Onnela, and Subramanian (EWOS study) introduce a novel methodology for the investigation of socioeconomic disparities in health. By using multilevel analysis to model health inequalities within and between strata defined by the intersection of multiple social and demographic dimensions, the authors provide

Diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance have been linked to changes in bile acid (BA) profiles, which in turn are highly dependent on the dietary composition and activity of the gut microbiota. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the type and level of fiber had an effect on cecal BA composition when included in low- and high-fat diets. Groups of rats were fed two barl

Layered materials can usually grow without strain on top of distinct substrates if the only interaction between them is due to van der Waals forces. In such a scenario it would be expected that the heterointerface made up of weak bounds would not affect the overlayed material significantly for several large lattice-mismatched systems. Here we have studied the first stages of the heteroepitaxial gr

A first step when fitting multilevel models to continuous responses is to explore the degree of clustering in the data. Researchers fit variance-component models and then report the proportion of variation in the response that is due to systematic differences between clusters. Equally they report the response correlation between units within a cluster. These statistics are popularly referred to as

An experimental investigation into the micromixing performance of coaxial mixers in a viscous system is reported, in which the iodide-iodate reaction system is chosen to quantitatively characterize the product distributions. The effects of feeding time, feeding position, impeller speed, inner impeller configuration, and operation mode on the segregation index, Xs, are examined. It is revealed that

This study is carried out by using numerical simulations to investigate the effect of target surface curvature and the nozzle-to-target surface distance on the flow structure and heat transfer characteristics in a pin-finned double-wall cooling structure. The flow is directly impinging on the target surface and is disturbed by the pin fins, and then released from the film holes after passing the d

In this study, the effects of fin configurations and layouts on thermal and hydraulic performances of printed circuit heat exchangers (PCHEs) with supercritical liquefied natural gas as the working fluid are studied by a numerical method, and the overall heat transfer performance of various parameters is evaluated by the JF factor. Firstly, the effect of four different airfoil configurations, i.e.

CONTEXT: It is important to identify patients at highest risk of fractures. OBJECTIVE: To compare the separate and combined performances of bone-related genetic risk scores (GRSs) for prediction of forearm, hip and vertebral fractures separately, as well as of trabecular and cortical bone microstructure parameters separately. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Using 1103 single nucleotide polymorp

Osteoporosis-related fractures are undertreated, due in part to misinformation about recommended approaches to patient care and discrepancies among treatment guidelines. To help bridge this gap and improve patient outcomes, the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research assembled a multistakeholder coalition to develop clinical recommendations for the optimal prevention of secondary fractuream

Background: For a significant proportion of the older population, increasing age is associated with health problems and worsening health. Older family caregivers are largely responsible for care of next-of-kin living at home, which impacts their own physical and mental health both positively and negatively. However, evidence is insufficient regarding the health situation of older caregivers. The a

Background and objectives: The Mi(a+) GP(B-A-B) hybrid phenotypes occur with a prevalence of 2%–23% across Southeast Asia. While the s antigen is alleged to be altered, no evidence for specific variants is known. Screening using a monoclonal IgM anti-s mistyped six S‒s+ RBC units as S‒s‒. Further, alloanti-s was identified in an S+s+ patient. Our objective was to investigate the s antigen further.

Tuberculosis, is caused by various strains of Mycobacteria, and specifically the one by Mycobacterium tuberculosis needs effective treatment. Administration of antibiotics fails owing to multi-drug resistant capability of Mycobacterium. Traditional methods for the identification of a potential drug take time and require huge investment The present study was focused on virtual screening to identify

Maternal hypoglycaemia throughout gestation until gestation day (GD)20 delays foetal growth and skeletal development. While partially prevented by return to normoglycaemia after completed organogenesis (GD17), underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the pathogenesis of these changes and significance of maternal hypoglycaemia extending beyond organogenesis in non-diabe

In the present paper, the heat transfer of gravity-driven dense particle flow around a hexagonal tube is numerically studied. The velocity vector, time-averaged particle contacting number, particle contacting time and heat transfer coefficient of particle flow are carfully analyzed. Furthermore, the heat transfer performances of particle flow around a hexagonal tube, circular tube and elliptical t

Due to the high specific surface area, packed bed reactors are widely used in real engineering applications. The flow distribution, which is highly dependent on the packing structure, can be vital for the heat/mass transfer and reaction performances. This makes the study of the flow distribution in packed beds quite important. In the present paper, an equivalent network model based on the Voronoi

Multiphase flow in mini/micro channels has been widely studied for its potential in many industrial applications. The normal experimental method cannot capture two separate regions of interest (ROI) with a long distance synchronously for the limited field of views. In order to solve this problem, an improved experimental method is proposed and validated with experimental results. Prism groups are

Wettability gradient in radial direction and evaporation rate gradient can cause droplet motion on a solid surface. Here a theoretical model is proposed. Besides, an equation of droplet velocity is derived on a solid surface. We consider the wettability and evaporation rate gradients are mainly caused by the chemical composition and surface roughness, only along the radial direction. Surface tensi