Filtyp
We present a low-temperature processing scheme for the integration of either lateral or vertical nanowire (NW) transistors with a multilayer back-end-of-line interconnect stack. The nanowire device temperature budget has been addressed, and materials for the interconnect fabrication have been selected accordingly. A benzocyclobutene (BCB) polymer is used as an interlayer dielectric, with interconn
Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (TFET), based on band-to-band tunneling, overcomes the thermal limit (subthreshold slope (S) > 60 mV/decade) of the MOSFETs by filtering the high-energy Fermi tail, thereby allowing a substantial reduction of supply voltage and power consumption. Despite the steep slope behavior, TFETs can suffer from ambipolarity wherein carriers tunnel into the channel at both high
We calculated the regional deposited dose of inhaled particulate matter based on number/mass concentrations in Amman, Jordan. The dose rate was the highest during exercising but was generally lower for females compared to males. The fine particles dose rate was 1010-1011 particles/h (101-102 μg/h). The PM10 dose rate was 49-439 μg/h for males and 36-381 μg/h for females. While resting, the PM10 de
Recent work applying multidimentional coherent electronic spectroscopy at dilute samples in the gas phase is reviewed. The development of refined phase cycling approaches with improved sensitivity has opened up new opportunities to probe even dilute gas-phase samples. In this context, first results of two-dimensional spectroscopy performed at doped helium droplets reveal the femtosecond dynamics u
Thermoresponsive microgels are soft colloids that find widespread use as model systems for soft matter physics. Their complex internal architecture, made of a disordered and heterogeneous polymer network, has been so far a major challenge for computer simulations. In this work, we put forward a coarse-grained model of microgels whose structural properties are in quantitative agreement with results
Gender equality is widely accepted as an important explanatory factor for the occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women. However, the relationship is not straightforward, as high country-level gender equality is not always associated with lower IPV prevalence. We apply ‘multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy’ (MAIHDA) to (i) quantify the exten
Background: Asthma is associated not only with lower health-related quality of life (HRQL) but also with psychological health and insomnia. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between HRQL, asthma symptoms, psychological status and insomnia in adults from three Nordic countries. Methods: This study comprised 2,270 subjects aged 29-55 from Sweden, Iceland and Norway. HRQL was meas
Children are unable to choose their environment and cannot link the sensationof illness to a specific exposure or a certain environment, thus they are powerlessto remove themselves from harmful exposures. It is therefore up to us as guardians and adults to shelter them from these exposures.
Encapsulation in self-assembled lipid structures has been shown to increase the stability of large biomolecules, including proteins and nucleic acids (NAs), which has many potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In order to fully optimise the encapsulation system for a certain application, however, it is important to understand the effect of the encapsulated biomolecule o
We present a high-repetition rate, atttosecond light source, emitting controlled short trains of attosecond pulses. We apply this source to the study of photoionization of atoms using a 3D photoelectron/ion coincidence spectrometer.
Higher education institutions are struggling to elevate the value and status of academic teaching. In this endeavour, rewards for excellence in teaching are becoming a common measure. This study reports on the experience of the first academic teachers who were given the status as rewarded teachers in new reward systems. We explore rewarded teachers’ potential to influence teaching and learning cul
We present experimental data for a vertical, 22-nm-diameter InAs/(In)GaAsSb nanowire Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor that exhibits the highest reported I60 of 1.2 μA/μm , paving the way for low power applications. The transistor reaches a minimum subthreshold swing of 43 mV/dec at VDS = 300 mV with a sub-60 mV/dec operation over a wide current range. Combined with a high transconductance of 205 μS/
Background: Biologgers have contributed greatly to studies of animal movement, behaviours and physiology. Accelerometers, among the various on-board sensors of biologgers, have mainly been used for animal behaviour classification and energy expenditure estimation. However, a general principle for the combined sampling duration and frequency for different taxa is lacking. In this study, we evaluate
Modeling diffusion of nonspherical particles presents an unsolved and considerable challenge, despite its importance for the understanding of crowding effects in biology, food technology and formulation science. A common approach in experiment and simulation is to map nonspherical objects on effective spheres to subsequently use the established predictions for spheres to approximate phenomena for
Through the optimization of the perovskite precursor composition and interfaces to selective contacts, we achieved a p-i-n-type perovskite solar cell (PSC) with a 22.3% power conversion efficiency (PCE). This is a new performance record for a PSC with an absorber bandgap of 1.63 eV. We demonstrate that the high device performance originates from a synergy between (1) an improved perovskite absorbe
High-performance polymer donors when paired with nonfullerene acceptors are mainly limited to flanking halogenated benzodithiophene (BDT)-based π-conjugated copolymers, which however involve complex synthetic procedures. Herein, a series of halogen-free polymer donors that link BDT moiety with two highly electron-deficient benzodithiophene-dione (BDD) and diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) units with vari
For aquatic scientists mesocosm experiments are important tools for hypothesis testing as they offer a compromise between experimental control and realism. Here we present a new mesocosm infrastructure—SITES AquaNET—located in five lakes connected to field stations in Sweden that cover a ~760 km latitudinal gradient. SITES AquaNet overcomes major hindrances in aquatic experimental research through
BACKGROUND: The use of technology has the potential to support the patient´s active participation regarding treatment of hypertension. This might lead to changes in the roles of the patient and health care professional and affect the partnership between them.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the partnership between patients and health care professionals and the roles of p
