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The current study aims to computationally evaluate the effect of right upper arm position on the geometric and hemodynamic characteristics of the brachial artery (BA) and cephalic vein (CV) and, furthermore, to present in detail the methodology to characterise morphological and hemodynamical healthy vessels. Ten healthy volunteers were analysed in two configurations, the supine (S) and the prone (

Bilingual children are at a disadvantage when compared to monolingual norms in language assessment. Monolingual assessment fails to acknowledge the asymmetrically distributed linguistic competence of bilingual children, for example, different levels of mastery of family and school related concepts in the first and second languages, respectively. Consequently, monolingual assessment results in an o

The current work aims at investigating the detailed spatial structure of the thin plasma column of a gliding arc (GA) discharge extended in N2-CH4 gas mixtures, using visualization techniques. The GA discharge was operated at up to 5 atm in a high-pressure vessel with extensive optical access. The results show that the emission intensity from the plasma column increased tenfold with the addition o

The growth of oxides and thin films is important in a wide range of applications, including coating technology, production of solar cell materials, and formation of dielectric layers in the semiconductor industry. These growth processes necessitate the interaction of a solid surface with a gas/vapor or liquid phase. The chemical processes that take place during the interaction of the solid with th

AIM: We assessed whether baseline measurements of physical activity, aerobic fitness, body fat and abdominal fat were predictors of changes in body fat measurements over a two-year period.METHODS: The study comprised of 204 children aged 9.8 ± 0.6 years with a normal body mass distribution, who recruited from four schools in middle-class areas of Malmö, Sweden, from 2001 to 2004. Peak oxygen uptak

A laser-based technique for recording absolute air-fuel ratio maps in a single-laser pulse in combustion devices, for instance, prior to ignition in internal combustion engines, is demonstrated. The method is based on an in situ pulse-to-pulse calibration of two-dimensional laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) images of relative fuel distributions by a point Raman measurement. A single excimer laser p

Nanowire geometries are leading contenders for future low-power transistor design. In this study, low-frequency noise is measured and evaluated in highly scaled III-V nanowire metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) and in planar III-V MOSFETs to investigate to what extent the device geometry affects the noise performance. Number fluctuations are identified as the dominant noi

Background: Nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neural factor (BDNF) are important for brain function and detectable in the blood. This study explored the longitudinal associations of physical activity and body fat with serum NGF and BDNF in children. Methods: Two waves of measurements were performed 2 years apart in 8- to 11-year-old children, including physical activity using the ActiGra

Stretching of DNA in nanoscale confinement allows for direct visualization of the genetic contents of the DNA on the single DNA molecule level. DNA stretched in nanoscale confinement also allows for studies of DNA-protein interactions and DNA polymer physics in confined environments. This chapter describes the basic steps to fabricate the nanostructures, to perform the experiments, and to analyze

The systematic review of universities and social innovations was carried out by placing universities within the broad framework of social innovation. Focus on social innovation as a response to development and societal problems, the review adopted a three-prong approach by analysing the drivers, process and impact of social innovations in the three core missions of universities: teaching, research

An estimation model which uses the gross heat release data and the fuel energy to estimate the total amount of emissions and unburned Hydro Carbon (HC) is developed. Gross heat release data is calculated from a self-tuned heat release method which uses in-cylinder pressure data for computing the energy released during combustion. The method takes all heat and mass losses into account. The method e

The anodic oxidation of metals such as aluminum and titanium can lead to the development of self-ordering pores. These pores make excellent templates for a range of nanoscale objects with many applications in nanoscience. Theoretical studies on pore formation have proposed several models for the establishment, growth, and ordering of these pores; however, experimental verification has mostly been

Self-ordered porous anodic alumina (PAA) films are studied extensively due to a large number of possible applications in nanotechnology and low cost of production. Whereas empirical relationships between growth conditions and produced oxides have been established, fundamental aspects regarding pore formation and self-organization are still under debate. We present in situ structural studies of PAA

Introduction: Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in lymphomagenesis and several dietary factors seem to be involved its regulation. The aim of the current study was to assess the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and the risk of lymphoma and its subtypes in the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Methods: The analysis included 476,160 sub

We report on experimental determination of the strain and bandgap of InAsP in epitaxially grown InAsP-InP core-shell nanowires. The core-shell nanowires are grown via metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. The as-grown nanowires are characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, micro-photoluminescence (μPL) spectroscopy, and micro-Raman (μ-Raman) spectroscopy measurements. We o

The adipose organ, including white and brown adipose tissues, is an important player in systemic energy homeostasis, storing excess energy in form of lipids while releasing energy upon various energy demands. Recent studies have demonstrated that white and brown adipocytes also function as endocrine cells and regulate systemic metabolism by secreting factors that act locally and systemically. Howe