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IntroductionSport-related concussion (SRC) is one of the most common and concerning injuries in team sports, with potential long-term effects on athlete health and performance. Linear head acceleration (LHA) and rotational head acceleration (RHA) are central biomechanical markers of brain loading during impact. Yet, the magnitude of these accelerations during SRC events remains poorly synthesized

Genetics as a science has roots in studying phenotypes of relatives, but molecular approaches facilitate direct measurements of genomic variation between individuals. Agricultural and human biomedical research are both emphasizing genotype-based instruments, such as polygenic scores, but unlike in agriculture, there is an emerging consensus that family variables act nearly independently of genotyp

Objective: Psychosocial stress increases the risk for subsequent episodes of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and drug use disorder (DUD), with most studies assessing stress exposure by questionnaire or interview methods. We developed an environmental risk score (ERS) using multiple classes of stressful life events (SLEs) obtained from national Swedish registries. Method: We assessed, in the entire adul

Background and purpose — Ankle arthrodesis (AA) and total ankle replacement are the 2 main surgical treatment options for advanced ankle arthritis but information is scarce on satisfaction and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after surgery. We aimed to evaluate postoperative satisfaction, changes in PROMs from before to 2 years after AA, and factors associated with the outcome.Methods — T

Background: Ambulatory oxygen therapy can be used to treat exertional hypoxaemia during daily life activities in people with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, evidence for its efficacy is scarce. This trial aimed to compare the effects of ambulatory oxygen with ambulatory air on physical activity in daily life over 6 months in people with fibrotic ILD and isolated exertional hypox

Background: Evidence on the association between systemic glucocorticoid use and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is limited. This study aimed to determine whether systemic glucocorticoid use is associated with an increased risk of overall CRC (diagnosed at any age) and early-onset CRC (EOCRC; diagnosed before 50 years of age). Methods: A nationwide cohort study (follow-up: 2005–2018) was conducted usi

Background: Swedish nationwide family and cancer data offer the largest global resource for study of familial cancer. We focus here on familial risks in prostate cancer (PC) with questions on risk in individuals from families of multiple affected members and association of familial risk with metastatic disease and survival. Methods: Familial relative risk of PC was estimated using standardized inc

INTRODUCTION: People with longstanding hip and groin pain (LHGP) are often referred to orthopaedic care. Physical therapist-led interventions are recommended in consensus statements as the first line of treatment, but it is unknown if structured interventions are more effective than usual care. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured physical therapist-led treatment

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although the effects of 5-α-reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) have been well-studied, the effects on other kallikrein markers have not been firmly established. Accordingly, a statistical model based on blood measurements of four kallikreins-known commercially as the "4Kscore"-cannot be used for men taking 5-ARIs. We investigated how finaster

Strain and interactions at grain boundaries during solid-phase crystallization are known to play a significant role in the functional properties of polycrystalline materials. However, elucidating three-dimensional nanoscale grain morphology, kinetics, and strain under realistic conditions is challenging. Here, we image a single-grain growth during the amorphous-to-polycrystalline transition in tec

Introduction: While timely assessment of long-term survival for patients with liver cancer is essential for the evaluation of early detection and screening programs of liver cancer, those data are extremely scarce in China. We aimed to timely and accurately assess long-term survival for liver cancer patients in eastern China.Methods: Patients diagnosed with liver cancer during 2004-2018 from four

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between HIV viremia exposure during antiretroviral therapy (ART) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.DESIGN: Nationwide observational cohort.METHODS: Participants (age > 15 years) from the Swedish nationwide InfCareHIV register initiating ART 1996-2017 were categorized in a time-updated manner into four viremia categories, starting from 12 months after A

BackgroundPremature ventricular complexes (PVCs) are known to predict heart failure (HF) and premature atrial contractions (PACs) are known to predict atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke. PVCs and PACs share pathophysiological mechanisms; however, the combined effects of PVCs and PACs on HF, AF, and stroke risk have not been studied.ObjectivesTo study elevated PVC counts on 24-hour electrocardiogr

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) is a promising but challenging combustion engine concept. The potential for good fuel economy and low emissions is high but the transient performance required for automotive applications presents a few problems still to be solved. The focus of this work is identification of the process dynamics. An ARX type model is fitted to input-output data. A meth

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion lacks direct ignition timing control, instead the auto ignition depends on the operating condition. Since auto ignition of a homogeneous mixture is very sensitive to operating condition a fast combustion timing control is necessary for reliable operation, the ignition timing control design requiring appropriate models and system output vari

This paper offers a two-zone, physical, NOx model with low computational cost, implemented in C on an embedded system. The model is able to compute NOx-emission formation with high time resolution during an engine cycle. To do this the model takes cylinder pressure and injected fuel amount as inputs and produces NO concentration as output. The model as such is not new, nevertheless the physical ba

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recall of breathlessness is important for clinical care but might differ from the experienced (momentary) symptoms. This study aimed to characterize the relationship between momentary breathlessness ratings and the recall of the experience. It is hypothesized that recall is influenced by the peak (worst) and end (most recent) ratings of momentary breathlessness (peak-end

Objectives: Reproductive history of women is of importance to estimate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. One aspect of that history is the reproductive life span (RLS), the period between onset of menarche and menopause. Previous studies have indicated an increased risk associated with shorter RLS, but this has never previously been tested in Scandinavian women. Our aim was to investigate such as