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Since the 1970s, environment and energy-related problems have moved to centre stage on many political, business and research agendas. The notion of sustainable development has emerged as the dominant global discourse to adapt societies and economies to novel modes of production and consumption in areas such as transport, energy, housing, agriculture and food. For such shifts, new technology and te

Emotional and behavioral problems during childhood raise the risk of subsequent developmental of mental disorders. Our aim was to study the association between maternal metal and trace element concentrations during gestation and these problems in 9 year-old children. The study sample comprised Spanish mother-child pairs in the INMA project (n = 1003). Metals and trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Mo,

The PNPLA3 I148M variant is the major genetic risk factor for all stages of fatty liver disease, but the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. We studied the effect of this variant on hepatic metabolism in homozygous carriers and non-carriers under multiple physiological conditions with state-of-the-art stable isotope techniques. After an overnight fast, carriers had higher plasma β-hydroxyb

Purpose: In this study, we explore the relationship between social jetlag (SJL), a parameter of circadian misalignment, and gut microbial composition, diet and cardiometabolic health in the ZOE PREDICT 1 cohort (NCT03479866). Methods: We assessed demographic, diet, cardiometabolic, stool metagenomics and postprandial metabolic measures (n = 1002). We used self-reported habitual sleep (n = 934) to

Introduction: Recycling of domestic waste and a number of employees in the recycling industry is expected to increase. This study aims to quantify current exposure levels of inhalable dust, endotoxin, and microorganisms and to identify determinants of exposure among recycling workers. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 170 full-shift measurements from 88 production workers and 14 adminis

Novel biomarkers are key to addressing the ongoing pandemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus. While new technologies have improved the potential of identifying such biomarkers, at the same time there is an increasing need for informed prioritization to ensure efficient downstream verification. We have built BALDR, an automated pipeline for biomarker comparison and prioritization in the context of diabe

Aim: To determine the prevalence of neurobehavioral symptoms at 6.5 years in children born extremely preterm (EPT, <27 weeks' gestation). Methods: Population-based cohort study of infants born EPT in Sweden from 2004 to 2007. Of 486 survivors 375 were assessed and compared with 369 matched term-born controls. EPT children free from neurosensory and intellectual disabilities (neurodevelopmental dis

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide studies of gene-environment interactions (G×E) may identify variants associated with disease risk in conjunction with lifestyle/environmental exposures. We conducted a genome-wide G×E analysis of ~ 7.6 million common variants and seven lifestyle/environmental risk factors for breast cancer risk overall and for estrogen receptor positive (ER +) breast cancer.METHODS: Analyse

BackgroundOrthostatic hypotension (OH) occurs when blood pressure regulation fails. The underlying molecular mechanism of OH remain largely unexplored. Endostatin is a biologically active molecule cleaved by matrix metalloproteinases, elastases and cathepsins from collagen XVIII in the extracellular matrix and inhibits angiogenesis. Circulating levels of endostatin have been proposed to be involve

Mixtures between choline and geranic acid (CAGE) have previously been shown to insert into lipid bilayers. This may be useful for the transdermal delivery of larger pharmaceuticals, however, little is known about the mechanism of activity. By comparing the interactions between CAGE and lipid bilayers with those of a less-active, yet closely-related analogue, choline octanoic acid (CAOT), a chemica

Background: Cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes are among the largest public health challenges in Sweden. Research indicates that a healthy lifestyle can prevent most cases. The health dialogue is an evidence-based public health programme for primary care with positive results in several regions of Sweden. This study aimed to describe health care professionals’ experiences and perceptions o

The use of aluminum-magnesium (Al-Mg) alloy particle as energetic additive in solid propellants was previously shown to have many advantages over pure Al particle, such as relatively low ignition temperature, high reaction rate and low particle agglomeration rate. In this paper, the combustion of Al-Mg alloy in hot H2O/O2/N2 flows was experimentally studied using wires with a diameter of 200 µm. T

Quantum cascade lasers provide a variety of challenges to theory, which are outlined in this review: (i) The choice of basis states is discussed, where energy eigenstates are badly defined if the full periodic structure is considered. (ii) The tunneling through barriers requires a treatment of quantum coherences, which sets particular demands on the formulation of the quantum kinetic equations. He

Environmental exposure to noise and particle matter (PM) are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although there are often higher levels in occupational settings, little is known about noise and particle exposures at work and CVD risks. We investigated occupational noise and particle exposures and acute effects on pulse rate and blood pressure. 46 active, non-smoking, male construction w

Objective: The first-line approach for childhood obesity is lifestyle intervention (LI); however, success varies. This study aimed first to identify distinct subgroups of response in children living with overweight and obesity and second to elucidate predictors for subclusters. Methods: Based on the obesity patient follow-up registry the APV (Adipositas-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation) initiative,

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are safeguarded from various threats such as stress, injury, or radiationwithin specialized microenvironments or niches within the bone marrow. In this thesis, we investigatedvarious facets of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment and its critical role in hematopoiesis andrelated disorders.Initially, we elucidated the role of the Early Growth Response 1 (EGR1) gene

Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and ter

Miniaturization of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with sizes down to a few micrometers has become a hot topic in both academia and industry due to their attractive applications on self-emissive displays for high-definition televisions, augmented/mixed realities and head-up displays, and also on optogenetics, high-speed light communication, etc. The conventional top-down technology uses dry etching t

Children with cancer experience recurring hospitalizations and isolation during treatment, which affect their school attendance. This study explores experiences of children with cancer, their classmates, and teachers with using the telepresence robot as a learning mediator in the hybrid classroom during treatment periods. 31 children with cancer (aged 7–17 years), 30 teachers, and 118 classmates p