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Susceptibility to osteoporotic fracture is influenced by genetic factors that can be dissected by whole-genome linkage analysis in experimental animal crosses. The aim of this study was to characterize quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for biomechanical and two-dimensional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) phenotypes in reciprocal F2 crosses between diabetic GK and normo-glycemic F344 rat strain

Purpose: To investigate the predictive capacity of a new method for sound spectrum analysis of Doppler signals recorded from the umbilical artery in high-risk pregnancies. Material and Methods: The retrospective study comprised 127 pregnant women with various pregnancy complications between 23 and 39 gestational weeks. Umbilical artery blood flow velocity waveforms were recorded with Doppler ultra

This thesis consider the improvement of the simulation tools used to describe high energy particle collisions. These simulation programs are normally referred to as event generators. The emphasis is on two specific parts of the event generation: the introduction of radiation of weak bosons associated with the collision and a new model for colour reconnection. Each collision contains significant

Observational studies show an association between ferritin and type 2 diabetes (T2D), suggesting a role of high iron stores in T2D development. However, ferritin is influenced by factors other than iron stores, which is less the case for other biomarkers of iron metabolism. We investigate associations of ferritin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), serum iron, and transferrin with T2D incidence to cla

Abstract Objective. To demonstrate how patients' probability of having chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3-5 (measured GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) can be predicted from a specific value of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Material and methods. The probability of CKD stage 3-5 was predicted from a logistic regression model (n = 850) using three different eGFR prediction equations: Lund-M

The modified Graeb Scale (mGS) is a semi-quantitative method to assess the extension of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The mGS has been shown to prognosticate outcome after ICH in cohorts derived from convenience samples. We evaluated the external validity of mGS in supratentorial ICH-patients from an unselected cohort.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. In high-income countries, low socioeconomic status seems to be related to a high incidence of T2DM, but very little is known about the intermediate factors of this relationship. METHOD: We performed a case-cohort study in eight Western European countries nested in the EPIC study (n = 340 234, 3.99

The paper presents some ideas and modeling approaches that are feasible for the study of socio-technical systems. The emphasis in the paper is to discuss two approaches concerning modeling of social and technical systems, and how they can be integrated in order to assess the vulnerability of a socio-technical system. The Swedish railway system will serve as the example of a socio-technical system

Reliable electrical power supply is a requirement for the modern society, therefore it is important to analyse the vulnerability of the electric power system. Network analysis has previously been used to analyse the vulnerability of electric transmission systems, however recent events in Sweden have shown that perturbations in distribution systems also can cause severe societal consequences. Thus,

Two storms in Sweden 2005 and 2007 clarified both professional crisis managers and citizens' ability to respond to the consequences. These events created an awareness of the vulnerability of society, especially in rural areas. Emergent Citizen Groups (ECG) conducted initially a large part of crisis management, such as clearing roads, supporting exposed neighbors and repairing power lines in collab

We propose a method for identifying and ranking critical components and sets of components in technical infrastructures. Criticality is defined as the vulnerability of the system to failure in a specific component, or set of components. The identification of critical components is increasingly difficult when considering multiple simultaneous failures, especially component failures with synergistic

Background: Asthma has been associated with increased collagen deposition in both conducting airways and alveolar parenchyma. Mast cells (MCs) are key effector cells in asthma and have the ability to affect collagen synthesis. However, the link between clinical control and changes in bronchial and alveolar MC phenotypes and specific collagens in controlled and uncontrolled asthma remains unknown.

Background: Several factors have been reported that influence the probability of a germline CDKN2A mutation in a melanoma family. Our goal was to create a scoring system to estimate this probability, based on a set of clinical features present in the patient and his or her family. Methods: Five clinical features and their association with CDKN2A mutations were investigated in a training cohort of

Objectives: Improved prediction modeling in osteoarthritis (OA) may encourage risk reduction through calculation of individual and population lifetime risks. There are currently no prediction models for hand OA. Thus, we aimed to 1) develop a prediction model for hand OA in men and 2) to contrast its discriminative performance to a prediction model for lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary

BACKGROUND: It has previously been shown that the morphology of the P-wave neither depends on atrial size in healthy subjects with physiologically enlarged atria nor on the physiological anatomical variation in transverse orientation of the left atrium. The present study aimed to investigate if different pressures in the left and right atrium are associated with different P-wave morphologies.METHO

Exposure to some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) increases the risk of cancer and is common, particularly for workers in occupations such as chimney sweeping. In exposed workers, screening of early cancer-related markers provides important information to identify individuals at risk. Here, we aimed to elucidate the associations between PAH exposure and serum levels of cancer-related protein

BACKGROUND: With increased access to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa emergence of HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance constitutes a serious risk. This may lead to rapid virological failure in subjects initiating ART, and mother-to-child transmission despite prophylaxis.METHODS: Treatment-naïve pregnant women from four antenatal care clinics in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, were enroll

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of a high versus low added sugar consumption for primary prevention of CVD in the general population.