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Perovskite thin films hold great promise for optoelectronic applications, such as solar cells and light-emitting diodes. One challenge is the inevitable formation of defects in the material. A thorough understanding of the defect formation and its dynamics has proven difficult based on traditional spectroscopy. Here, we have integrated functional intensity modulation two-photon spectroscopy with a

The genetic background of Growth Hormone (GH) secretion is not well understood. Mutations giving rise to a stop codon have a high likelihood of affecting protein function.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Elektromagnetiska fält finns idag överallt och är en förutsättning för att det moderna samhället ska fungera. Utan att fundera närmare på det, använder vi oss ständigt av de elektromagnetiska fältens förmåga att trådlöst överföra information och energi. Några exempel är; uppvärmning av mat i mikron och på induktionshällen, samtal i mobiltelefonen, uppdatering av status In this thesis, an inverse source reconstruction method with great potential in radome diagnostics is presented. A radome is a cover that encloses an antenna in order to protect it from environmental influences. Radome diagnostics are acquired in the design process, the delivery control, and in performance verification of repaired and newly developed radomes. A measured near or far field may indic

Cross-sectional studies have associated obesity and other components of the so-called metabolic syndrome with low-grade inflammation. The temporal and causal relations of this association have not been fully explored. This study explored whether elevated levels of inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs) (fibrinogen, orosomucoid, {alpha}1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin) are assoc

Background and objective: Human studies of arterio-venous (AV) differences in drug concentrations and the consequences for pharmacokinetic modelling and concentration-effect relationships are very limited. We therefore investigated the intravenous and intra-arterial concentrations of alcohol (ethanol) during the absorption, distribution and elimination stages of alcohol metabolism in healthy men.

BACKGROUND: The use of nitrous oxide (N2O) during hemodilution has been questioned. Nitrous oxide reduces the inspired oxygen fraction (F1O2), depresses myocardial function and may reduce cardiac output (CO) and systemic oxygen delivery (DO2SY). The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of the effects of nitrous oxide on systemic and myocardial circulation and oxygenation during extreme

OBJECTIVE: Cystatin C is a novel marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD), however the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we prospectively investigated whether plasma levels of cystatin C predict new-onset metabolic syndrome (MetS) as well as long-term progression and incidence of the different components of the MetS. METHODS: Cystatin C was measured in 1502 individuals included in the Malm

Background Androgens acting via the androgen receptor (AR) stimulate production of prostate specific antigen (PSA), which is a clinical marker of prostate cancer (PCa). Since genetic variants in the AR may have a significant impact on the risk of being diagnosed with PCa, the aim was to investigate if AR-variants were associated with the risk of having PSA above clinically used cut-off thresholds

A plethora of candidate genes have been identified for complex polygenic disorders, but the underlying disease mechanisms remain largely unknown. We explored the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) by analyzing global gene expression in human pancreatic islets. A group of coexpressed genes (module), enriched for interleukin-1-related genes, was associated with T2D and reduced insulin secretio

The androgen receptor (AR) is a key regulator of prostate tumorgenesis through actions that are not fully understood. We identified the repressor element (RE)-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) as a mediator of AR actions on gene repression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that AR binds chromatin regions containing well-characterized cis-elements known to mediate REST transcriptional rep

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is the main genetic determinant of multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. Within the HLA, the class II HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele exerts a disease-promoting effect, whereas the class I HLA-A*02 allele is protective. The CIITA gene is crucial for expression of class II HLA molecules and has previously been found to associate with several autoimmune diseases, including MS and typ

Recent Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have pinpointed different single nucleotide polymorphisms consistently associated with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension prevalence. However, little data exist regarding single nucleotide polymorphisms predicting BP variation over time and hypertension incidence. The aim of this study was to confirm the association of a genetic risk score (GRS), bas

A reproducible and quantitative imaging biomarker to standardize the evaluation of changes in bone scans is an unmet need for prostate cancer patients with skeletal metastasis. Here we have performed a series of analytical validation studies to evaluate the performance of the automated Bone Scan Index (BSI) as an imaging biomarker in patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa).

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze how an altered collagen structure affects development of atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fibromodulin-null mice develop an abnormal collagen fibril structure. In apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-null and ApoE/fibromodulin-null mice, a shear stress-modifying carotid artery cast induced formation of atherosclerotic plaques of different phenotypes;

BACKGROUND: Progressive immune dysfunction and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) develop in most persons with untreated infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) but in only approximately 20 to 30% of persons infected with HIV type 2 (HIV-2); among persons infected with both types, the natural history of disease progression is poorly understood. METHODS: We analyzed d

Both pathological excess and deficiency of growth hormone (GH) are associated with cardiovascular mortality.

While conventional pharmacogenetic studies have considered single gene effects, we tested if a genetic score of nine LDL- and HDL-associated SNPs, previously shown to predict cardiovascular disease, is related to fluvastatin induced lipid change. In patients with asymptomatic plaque in the right carotid artery, thus candidates for statin therapy, we related Score LDL (APOB(rs693), APOE(rs4420638),

Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) plays a key role in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) function. Analyses of mouse mutants harboring deletions of core components have implicated PRC2 in fine-tuning multiple pathways that instruct HSPC behavior, yet how PRC2 is targeted to specific genomic loci within HSPCs remains unknown. Here we use shRNA-mediated knockdown to survey the function

A recently published genome wide association study identified 29 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influencing blood pressure (BP). Case-control studies suggest that a genetic risk score (GRS) based on these 29 SNPs affect the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but its role for CVD at population level is unknown. Here, we prospectively evaluate the impact of this polygenetic BP component o