Filtyp
Taurine, an amino sulfonic acid abundant in seafood and meat, has been proposed to have a potential role in the prevention of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the association between dietary taurine intake and MASLD remains unclear in human populations. Also, data on dietary taurine intake among adult
Background: Standardized definitions of autoimmune disease (AD) are lacking. Therefore, we aim to propose a definition of AD for register-based research and estimate the burden of AD in Sweden as registered in the National Patient Register (NPR) from 1980 to 2023. Methods: Leveraging the NPR, we defined AD as having at least two relevant International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes represe
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is defined as aortic diameter ≥30 mm measured by ultrasound. AAA prevalence increases with age and is higher in men, but has decreased during the last decades, related to lower smoking rates. Tobacco smoking, concomitant atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, and family history are the most common risk factors. AAA has atherosclerotic, inflammatory, apoptotic, a
Measuring the number concentration of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) is critical for assessing reproducibility, enabling compliance with regulation, and performing risk assessments of NP-enabled products. For nanomedicines, their number concentration directly relates to their dose. However, the lack of relevant reference materials and established traceable measurement approaches make the validation
Tryptophan is an essential amino acid for the human body and is crucial for protein synthesis. It is primarily metabolized through the kynurenine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and indole pathways. The various bioactive compounds produced through tryptophan metabolism can regulate a range of physiological functions, including digestive, metabolic, immune responses, and neurological functions. New evidence
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is characterized by age-related somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSC/Ps) and is correlated with an increased risk of myeloid malignancies, elevated inflammatory pathways in circulating myeloid cells, higher all-cause mortality, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. The pathophysiology of inflammatory
The concept of “vulnerable plaque” (VP) has been evolving since its introduction as an atherosclerotic plaque prone to cause cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Once defined as a thin-cap fibroatheroma prone to rupture, it now encompasses more atherosclerotic lesion types, including plaque erosion, fissure, and calcified nodules. Along with deeper understanding of plaq
BACKGROUND: Pramipexole, a dopamine agonist, has demonstrated antidepressant efficacy as an augmentation strategy in unipolar and bipolar depression. However, dopaminergic treatments are associated with impulse control disorders, including gambling disorder, and evidence regarding behavioural risks in psychiatric populations remains limited.METHODS: We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort
Evidence is limited for the association between parental income during childhood and adolescence and the subsequent risk of drug use disorder (DUD) in the second generation and whether the association is modified by region of origin. Identifying the association and effect modification by immigrant background and region of origin would provide an important knowledge base to consider tailored polici
Purpose of review Myocardial infarction survivors are at a high risk of a recurrent event despite receiving guideline preventive therapy. There is accumulated evidence that persistent atherosclerotic plaque inflammation contributes to this risk. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is widely recognized as a key factor in plaque inflammation and instability; however, no therapies that directly ta
Aims: The objective of this study was to compare the risk of developing type 1 diabetes in individuals with celiac disease, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism to that of individuals without those conditions. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective, observational, matched-cohort study based on real-world claims data, individuals with at least one diagnosis of celiac disease, hyperthyroidism (e
Individuals with immigrant background generally perform less well in school than non-immigrants. Performing well in school may decrease the risk of substance use disorder (SUD). We investigated whether higher school performance is associated with a decreased risk of SUD in early adulthood among immigrants and non-immigrants and whether subsequent educational attainment and employment status partly
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The incidence of type 1 diabetes increased during the pandemic in various countries. SARS-CoV-2 infections may trigger the development of type 1 diabetes, but the evidence is inconclusive. This study aimed to assess trends in type 1 diabetes incidence between 2007 and 2023, and to quantify the association between SARS-CoV-2 infections and the risk for developing type 1 diabetes.ME
Cutting edge preparation is crucial in metal cutting as the edge geometry significantly influences both the material removal process and tool life. However, an analytical model that can physically describe the cutting edge preparation process has not yet been established. Taking the wet abrasive jet machining (WAJM) method as an example, the following questions always remain: Why does WAJM always
Cell type annotation remains a critical bottleneck, with current methods often inaccurate and requiring extensive manual validation, particularly in disease contexts. While large language models (LLMs) show promise, they can be unreliable due to hallucinations. We developed CyteType, a multi-agent framework that generates competing hypotheses grounded in full expression data and study context, val
The BCR::ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in CML represent a paradigm for molecularly targeted therapy. However, clinical outcomes - rate/depth of response, treatment-free remission (TFR), progression to blast crisis (BC) - and adverse events vary among patients. While additional somatic mutations have been invoked to explain varying clinical outcomes, we here propose a complementary perspec
Aims: Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are typically diagnosed at a young age and exposed to lifelong hyperglycaemia. Despite improved metabolic control, the risk of vascular complications remains challenging. However, some individuals remain free from developing major diabetic complications even after long duration, so-called “escapers”. This study investigated transcriptomic biomarkers lin
Speaking in poor acoustic conditions constitutes a risk factor for voice disorders. This study investigated how speaker’s comfort and vocal effort were affected during short speech tasks in four different room acoustic configurations. Voice recordings of the speech tasks and self-evaluations of the speaker’s comfort were collected from 15 participants in four room acoustic configurations as part o
