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Splicing and translation are two of the key steps of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Their tight regulation is essential for development, whereas their deregulation is involved in cancer pathogenesis. Nevertheless, many of the molecular mechanisms controlling these processes are still unknown. Hence, the main aim of this thesis is to elucidate novel regulatory mechanisms that a

Abdominal and general adiposity are independently associated with mortality, but there is no consensus on how best to assess abdominal adiposity. We compared the ability of alternative waist indices to complement body mass index (BMI) when assessing all-cause mortality. We used data from 352,985 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and Cox proport

Maturation of lymphoid cells is controlled by the action of stage and lineage-restricted transcription factors working in concert with the general transcription and chromatin remodeling machinery to regulate gene expression. To better understand this functional interplay, we used Biotin Identification in human embryonic kidney cells to identify proximity interaction partners for GATA3, TCF7 (TCF1)

Since tillage can reduce the amount of organic C stored in soils, the use of conservation tillage practices, which exclude soil inversion, or include it less frequently, is often promoted. Soil microorganisms are closely linked to soil organic C (SOC), and they are assumed to respond quicker to management changes than SOC. Using two Swedish long-term tillage experiments, our aim was to determine w

Scope: Diet rich in bilberries is considered cardioprotective, but the mechanisms of action are poorly understood. Cardiovascular disease is characterized by increased proatherogenic status and high levels of circulating microvesicles (MVs). In an open-label study patients with myocardial infarction receive an 8 week dietary supplementation with bilberry extract (BE). The effect of BE on patient M

Individuals with cancer may be at high risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and adverse outcomes. However, evidence from large population-based studies examining whether cancer and cancer-related therapy exacerbates the risk of COVID-19 infection is still limited. Data were collected from the COVID Symptom Study smartphone application since March 29 through May 8, 2020. Among 23,266 partic

Background: Musculoskeletal pain is common in the general population and constitutes a major public health problem. A large proportion of these conditions may be work related. The aim of this study was to explore the relative importance of physical, psychosocial and personal factors, in number of pain sites and in five specific pain sites, among women in common professions with a broad variety of

B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1), the transcription factor encoded by the gene Prdm1, plays a number of crucial roles in the adaptive immune system, which result in the maintenance of key effector functions of B- and T-cells. Emerging clinical data, as well as mechanistic evidence from mouse studies, have additionally identified critical functions of Blimp-1 in the maintenance o

Most chronic and acute lung diseases have no cure, leaving lung transplantation as the only option. Recent work has improved our understanding of the endogenous regenerative capacity of the lung and has helped identification of different progenitor cell populations, as well as exploration into inducing endogenous regeneration through pharmaceutical or biological therapies. Additionally, alternativ

Plasma concentrations of many cardiovascular and inflammatory proteins are altered after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and may provide prognostic information. We conducted a large-scale proteomic analysis in patients with STEMI, correlating protein levels to infarct size and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) determined with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. We analysed 131 c

Pathological forms of the microtubule-associated protein tau are involved in a large group of neurodegenerative diseases named tauopathies, including frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-tau). K369I mutant tau transgenic mice (K3 mice) recapitulate neural and behavioural symptoms of FTLD, including tau aggregates in the cortex, alterations to nigrostriatum, memory deficits and parkinsonism. The

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare hematopoietic disease characterized by a block in red cell differentiation. Most DBA cases are caused by mutations in ribosomal proteins and characterized by higher than normal activity of the tumor suppressor p53. Higher p53 activity is thought to contribute to DBA phenotypes by inducing apoptosis during red blood cell differentiation. Currently, there are

Background Prior research suggested a differential association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) metabolites with type 2 diabetes (T2D), with total 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3 inversely associated with T2D, but the epimeric form (C3-epi-25(OH)D3) positively associated with T2D. Whether or not these observational associations are causal remains uncertain. We aimed to examine the potential causality of thes

Background: To use the European Association of Urology Research Foundation (EAURF) registry data to determine the proportion of contemporary Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms associated with Benign Prostatic Enlargement (LUTS/BPE) patients prescribed phytotherapy, and to determine their subjective quality of life and clinical progression responses. Methods: This was a prospective multicenter multinatio

Fine-tuning of insulin release from pancreatic β-cells is essential to maintain blood glucose homeostasis. Here, we report that insulin secretion is regulated by a circular RNA containing the lariat sequence of the second intron of the insulin gene. Silencing of this intronic circular RNA in pancreatic islets leads to a decrease in the expression of key components of the secretory machinery of β-c

While human enteroviruses are generally regarded as a lytic virus, and persistent non-cytolytic enterovirus infection in pancreatic beta cells has been suspected of playing a role in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. However, it is still unclear how enteroviruses could exit the pancreatic beta cell in a non-lytic manner. This study aimed to investigate the role of beta cell-derived extracellular vesic

Objectives: To evaluate how surgeon heterogeneity – the variation in outcomes between individual surgeons – influences functional and oncological outcomes after robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) and retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP), and to assess whether surgeon heterogeneity affects the comparison between RALP and RRP. Patients and Methods: Laparoscopic Prostatectomy Robot Op

We report a new design of an acoustophoretic trapping device with greatly increased capacity and throughput, compared to current commercial systems. Acoustic trapping enables nanoparticle and exosome enrichment without the need for ultracentrifugation. The commercial acoustic trapping technology, AcouTrap (AcouSort AB), typically operates at flow rates < 50 μl/min which limits processing of larger