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Objective: Assess the cost effectiveness of budesonide/formoterol (BUD/FORM) Turbuhaler (R) +tiotropium (TIO) HandiHaler (R) vs. placebo (PBO)+TIO in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) eligible for inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting beta(2)-agonists (ICS/LABA). Methods: The cost-effectiveness analysis was based on the 12-week, randomised, double-blind CLIMB trial. The stud
Qualitative measurements of both OH and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as well as quantitative data of soot volume fraction f(v) have been obtained in vaporized liquid fuels, with the main goal of providing experimental data for combustion models and numerical mechanism validation. Measurements were carried out in a laminar coflow burner which was designed, built and integrated with an eva
The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test used in the clinic today has been subjected to suspicions regarding specificity and sensitivity, since cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostatitis are hard to distinguish from those with prostate cancer. This thesis is based upon five original papers describing efforts to develop antibody microarrays enabling improved diagnostic prostate cancer ana
Background: Osteoporosis is a common bone disease, which does not give symptoms until the ultimate outcome, the fragility fracture occurs. Regulation of bone mass is controlled by genetic, environmental and nutritional influences. Peak bone mass, defined as the maximum bone mass accrued, is usually reached by the third decade of life and is an important determinant of future osteoporotic fracture.
Cooking fumes contain aldehydes, alkanoic acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds. The inhalation of cooking fumes entails a risk of deleterious health effects. The aim of this study was to see if the inhalation of cooking fumes alters the expression of inflammatory reactions in the bronchial mucosa and its subsequent systemic inflammatory response in blood biomarkers.
Objective: To explore the links between neurodevelopmental disorders attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and personality in a population-based, genetically sensitive study of children. Method: A population-based sample of 1886 twins aged 9 and 12, enriched for childhood mental health problems, was recruited from the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in
A growing middle class and increased consumption call for better utilization of resources. For companies to make use of all resources in the production system is not only a way of meeting the changing customer demands and regulatory changes regarding sustainability, but also a way of increasing profits. Finding new business opportunities for by-products can be considered as early stage innovation,
Previous studies have entertained the prospect of having 3D models substitute for their dry bone originals in osteological analysis. The objective of this study was to contribute to qualifying to what extent this may be possible given current technology. To this purpose, rather than choosing just a quantitative and purely technical method for evaluating models, as has been the norm in previous stu
För samhällsviktiga verksamheter som drivs av offentliga aktörer finns lagkrav på att utföra risk- och sårbarhetsanalyser, vilka ska innehålla beroendeanalyser. Dock finns det en brist på vägledning gällande utförande av dessa analyser. Ett av de starkaste beroenden som finns i samhället idag är elberoendet. Därför finns ett intresse för att undersöka hur elberoendet analyseras i praktiken inom saIn Sweden, risk- and vulnerability assessments, including dependency analyses, are required by law for public actors who are of vital societal functions or critical infrastructure. However, there is a lack of guidance regarding how to perform this kind of analysis. Electrical power is one of the strongest dependencies of our society today. Thus, it is interesting to examine how the dependency of e
För att tillskrivas straffrättsligt ansvar är ett grundläggande brottskriterium i många länders straffrättssystem att den potentiella gärningsmannen är tillräknelig. En lagöverträdare som har saknat förmåga att förstå och kontrollera sitt handlande betraktas ha en begränsad ansvarsförmåga och undantas därmed från straffrättsligt ansvar. Tillräknelighet utgjorde en brottsförutsättning i 1864-års svTo be held criminally liable, a requirement in the legal systems of many countries is that the potential perpetrator is accountable (tillräknelig). An offender who has lacked the ability to understand and control his actions is often considered unaccountable and is thus exempted from criminal liability. Accountability was a prerequisite for a crime in the Swedish Penal Code of 1864. The criminal j
Previous studies have pointed to a need for further research regarding young women with autism and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or experiences of trauma, especially within psychiatric social work. The aim of this study was to examine how social workers reflect on their experiences and knowledge of trauma among young women with autism. Furthermore, the aim was to deepen the understanding o
The aim of this master thesis is to investigate how the public libraries in the city of Malmö in Sweden, work with and towards babies under the age of one and their parents, with a specific focus on multilingual families. We also aim to investigate the awareness amongst the librarians in their meeting with this group. For this we use critical theory and an intersectional perspective using mainly t
Changes in the accumulation of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Hg, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn), arsenic (As), and selenium (Se) in sediment of pristine lake in northern Sweden were studied by making measurements at different depths in a sediment core. The sediment core was extracted from the deepest part of the lake Sautusjärvi, close to the village Jukkasjärvi. The sediment samples were transported in a cooler to
Anion exchange membranes consisting of a Poly(phenylene oxide) polymer backbone functionalized with various imidazolium cations, 1-methylimidazole, 1,2,4,5-tetramethyl-1H-imidazole, imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine, 1-methylbenzimidazole and 1-methyl-mesitylbenzimidazole, via alkyl spacer units were prepared and analyzed for anion conductivity, water absorption properties, cation aggregation, thermal stabil
Several problems concern about energy are frequently discussed in recent decades, such as the shortage of traditional energy resource, the increase of energy price and the destruction of living environment by energy conversion. To solve these problems, sustainable development of energy become a preferential task all around the world. Under current circumstances, applying energy saving measures and
Hydropower is simply the largest source of renewable energy in the Nordic countries, where It compose around 90% of power production in Iceland, 70% in Norway, 40% in Sweden and 20% in Finland. Mountainous terrain and abundance in the surface water is a significant contributing factor in hydropower production. Hydropower is also considered more reliable and continuous than other forms of renewable
With the publication of 'Garden Cities of To-Morrow' in 1898, Ebenezer Howard gave the go-ahead to the Garden City Movement. Howard’s concept of the garden city arose from his anti-capitalist critiques. Many industrial cities in the United Kingdom were facing urbanization problems, leading to the working class living in terrible circumstances in the suburban areas. This process caused a po
Prasugrel, a novel P2Y(12) ADP-receptor antagonist, has been reported to achieve greater inhibition of platelet aggregation compared to clopidogrel as assessed by light transmission aggregometry. It was the objective of this study to investigate the effect of prasugrel on alternative markers of platelet activation in comparison to a high loading dose and the approved maintenance dose of clopidogre
OBJECTIVES: Mental ill-health has become a large health problem and it is important for caregivers to provide effective treatment alternatives. REGASSA is a randomized controlled study performed in primary care to study the effects of 12 weeks of Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) and physical exercise (PE) compared with treatment as usual (TAU) in patients with mild-to-moderate men
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children in the western world. HUS is characterized by the triad of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure. There are two main subtypes of HUS; typical or D+ (D stands for diarrhea) HUS associated with enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) infection, which accounts for about 90% of all HUS cases, and atypic
