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The paper analyses dwell time delays for commuter trains in Stockholm andTokyo. In both cities, small dwell time delays of at most five minutes makeup around 90% of the total delays. Therefore, it is valuable to understandand deal with these disturbances. To this end, we use high resolution data ondwell times and passenger counts from both countries over the last severalyears. We find that these d
The Partition of India and Pakistan in 1947 divided the western Himalayan region of Baltistan in two parts. Being subject to internal colonization and nation-making by the two postcolonial nation-states, the Balti community, like many other communities in the Himalayan region, has recently voiced demands of self-rule and experienced a cultural revival. The situation in Baltistan is here seen throu
Finding a suitable way to represent information in a dataset is one of the fundamental problems in Artificial Inelegance. With limited labeled information, unsupervised learning algorithms help to discover useful representations. One of the applications of such models is imputation, where missing values are estimated by learning the underlying correlations in a dataset. This thesis explores two ofFinding a suitable way to represent information in a dataset is one of the fundamental problems in Artificial Intelligence. With limited labeled information, unsupervised learning algorithms help to discover useful representations. One of the applications of such models is imputation, where missing values are estimated by learning the underlying correlations in a dataset. This thesis explores two
Osteoclasts are derived from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and form upon stimulation of osteoclast precursors by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κΒ ligand (RANKL). Osteoclasts resorb bone by secreting hydrochloric acid, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cathepsin K. Failure of bone resorption or bone formation results in metabolic bone disOsteoclasts are derived from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and form upon stimulation of osteoclast precursors by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κΒ ligand (RANKL). Osteoclasts resorb bone by secreting hydrochloric acid, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cathepsin K. Failure of bone resorption or bone formation results in metabolic bone dis
The distance of sprinklers below ceiling is of fundamental importance since it has a great influence on activation time. Accepted distances are specified in different sprinkler standards such as NFPA 13, FM 2-0 and EN 12845 for different configurations. This distance is unambiguously defined for flat smooth ceilings, but for corrugated ceilings, such as corrugated metal deck ceilings found in many
Categorising people and housing situations is unavoidable in research and national and local statistics on homelessness, as well as in regulating and planning for interventions and supply and allocation of suitable accommodation. Despite different motives and original functions, however, these categories and the use of them are influenced by the political discourse, especially when they travel fro
Background: Despite improvements in surgical methodologies and perioperative chemo- and radiotherapy, the prognosis for patients with esophageal and gastric cancer remains poor. Hence, there is a great need to identify complementary biomarkers for improved treatment stratification. Tumor-infiltrating immune cells have been shown to impact on outcome in many types of cancer, including gastroesophag
The group of cetrarioid lichens with globose ascospores includes 37 species from eight genera. Phylogenetic analysis, using program PAUP 3.1.1, was carried out on two different data sets – morphological (incl. anatomical and chemical) and molecular characters (ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 rDNA sequences) – to verify the correspondence of current taxonomy to the probable evolution of the taxa involved. TheThe group of cetrarioid lichens with globose ascospores includes 37 species from eight genera. Phylogenetic analysis, using program PAUP 3.1.1, was carried out on two different data sets – morphological (incl. anatomical and chemical) and molecular characters (ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 rDNA sequences) – to verify the correspondence of current taxonomy to the probable evolution of the taxa involved. The
Objectives Preventing adverse events (AEs) after orthopaedic surgery is a field with great room for improvement. A Swedish instrument for measuring AEs after hip arthroplasty based on administrative data from the national patient register is used by both the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register and the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions. It has never been validated and its accuracy
The effect of blanching and treatment with white vinegar containing acetic acid on dietary fibre, low-molecular-weight carbohydrates and glucosinolates was studied in two cultivars of white cabbage (Heckla and Predikant). The total content of dietary fibre and low-molecular-weight carbohydrates was similar in both cultivars (24 and 60 g/100 g DM, respectively), while the distribution between solub
Objective: The Swedish Registry for Active Treatment of Uraemia (SRAU) was founded in 1991 with the objective of documenting demographic data on patients treated for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence, incidence, comorbidity risk factors and survival of patients with ESRD who underwent dialysis treatment and/or kidney transplantation in Sweden betw
Genomes of prokaryotes differ significantly in size and DNA composition. Escherichia coli is considered a model organism to analyze the processes involved in bacterial genome evolution, as the species comprises numerous pathogenic and commensal variants. Pathogenic and nonpathogenic E. coli strains differ in the presence and absence of additional DNA elements contributing to specific virulence tra
Popular Abstract in Danish Omkring halvdelen af den globale kulstof mængde som findes i jorden, er lagret i de arktiske jorde. Arktiske jorde har været anset for at være vigtige kulstof reservoirs de sidste 10.000 år, hvor der bliver optaget mere kulstof end der frigives. Dette skyldes blandt andet den langsomme omsætning af organiske materiale på grund af de kolde forhold, men også de store mængdArctic ecosystems hold massive amounts of the global carbon in their soils and are of great importance for the global terrestrial exchange of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. The arctic region has in general been acting as a C sink for the past 10000 years, however with climate change the C balance in some areas is shifting towards becoming a C source. Herbivory are an important part of many ec
Colon cancer is common in both developed and developing countries, and is responsible for at least 600,000 deaths globally every year. It is therefore the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Extensive studies are being conducted worldwide to find more effective drugs that can be used in cancer treatment. In these studies, phytochemicals have proven to be good sources for drug dis
The physicochemical properties of two root suspensions, parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) and yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius), were studied and compared at different concentrations and after being subjected to processes such as homogenization and heating. The study and the evaluation of the physicochemical properties of these plant materials in the form of pastes might help to increase the interest in t
Experience gained from cooperation between dermatologists and vascular surgeons in 177 patients evaluated at a joint leg ulcer clinic is reported. Patients were divided into two subgroups: (i) 86 patients with healed ulcers and (ii) 91 patients with ongoing therapy-resistant ulcers. Venous insufficiency was the most common etiology in both subgroups (87% and 55%, respectively). Of previous therapy
Background: Diet has a great impact on the risk of developing features of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We evaluated whether a long-term healthy Nordic diet (ND) can modify the expression of inflammation and lipid metabolism-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in
In order to add to the existing knowledge on the complex institutional dynamics of negotiating conflicts and compatibilities in innovation processes that address societal challenges and social needs, this article scrutinizes the scientific and societal debate on the theoretical and practical application of “social innovation” by means of the concept “boundary object” linked to institutional theoryIn order to add to the existing knowledge on the complex institutional dynamics of negotiating conflicts and compatibilities in innovation processes that address societal challenges and social needs, this article scrutinizes the scientific and societal debate on the theoretical and practical application of “social innovation” by means of the concept “boundary object” linked to institutional theory
