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Popular AbstractDen snabba folkökningen I Afrika söder om Sahara förändrar kontinuerligt betingelserna för bondebefolkningens försörjning. I ett av de bördigaste och samtidigt mest tättbefolkade områdena I Östafrika, Mount Meru I norra Tanzania, så har befolkningen nära tiodubblats under loppet av de senaste hundra åren. För bönderna i området är markbristen det allt överskuggande problemet. Till Sustained high population growth rates are radically altering the livelihood conditions for small farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. In one of the most fertile and densely settled areas of East Africa, Mount Meru in Northern Tanzania, the size of the population has increased nearly tenfold within the last century. As a consequence, the most serious problem facing farm families is shortage of land. Cou

In nuclear reactors plutonium and transplutonium isotopes are produced by multiple neutron capture of uranium and plutonium and are important for the energy production and their composition reflects the core burnout. Under normal operation these elements are not released to the environment in significant amounts. There are accordingly very few areas or source terms where exotic transplutonium elem

Objective To standardize the evaluation of regional fetal brain blood perfusion, using power Doppler ultrasound (PDU) to estimate the fractional moving blood volume (FMBV) and to evaluate the reproducibility of this estimation. Methods Brain blood perfusion was evaluated in 35 normally grown fetuses at 28-30 weeks of gestation, using PDU. The following cerebral regions were included in the PDU col

Late Ordovician jawed polychaete (Annelida) faunas from the type Cincinnatian region in the tri-state area of Indiana, Ohio. and Kentucky, North America, are discussed on the basis of an extensive and unique collection of more than 50,000 well-preserved scolecodonts. Approximately 40 to 50 multi-element species belonging to a dozen families are identified. Scolecodonts of polychaetes with prionogn

Genetic changes underlie tumor progression and may lead to cancer-specific expression of critical genes. Over 1100 publications have described the use of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to analyze the pattern of copy number alterations in cancer, but very few of the genes affected are known. Here, we performed high-resolution CGH analysis on cDNA microarrays in breast cancer and directly c

This paper reviews current issues regarding short-term (i.e. for surgery and invasive procedures) and long-term (i.e. regular infusions to prevent bleeding on a permanent or temporary basis) prophylaxis treatment using replacement concentrates for patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD) who do not respond satisfactorily to desmopressin. The standard treatment of these patients is with factor co

We have studied the state of Cyt b559 and the Mn cluster by EPR and optical spectroscopy in the different S-states between pH 4.0-10.0. In these experiments, the pH was changed after the OEC turnover to the appropriate S-state (at pH 6.0) by 0-3 saturating flashes. Furthermore, the state of Cyt b559 after a subsequent flash given after the pH modification was also investigated. The results show th

Popular Abstract in Swedish Eftersom gamla träd har blivit mycket ovanligare de senaste 200 åren, både i skogslandskapet och på ängs- och hagmarker, har djur som lever i gamla träd blivit mycket sällsyntare och många arter är utrotningshotade. I gamla ekar bildas ofta mulm i stammarnas håligheter. Mulmen består av murket trämjöl och i den lever en rik och specialiserad fauna som framför allt utgörMany species associated with old trees are threatened, as this habitat has decreased severely in Europe during the last 200 years. In old oaks, hollows with wood mould often form in the trunks and these harbour a specialized fauna mainly consisting of beetles, flies and pseudoscorpions. This thesis contains the first quantitative examination of the habitat requirements and population ecology of sp

The aim of the present work is to describe the semantics and the discursive functions from a general cognitivist point of view of the usage of the Present Perfect in the spoken Spanish of Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay. It is argued that cross-linguistic values that prevailing theories often ascribe to perfect, such as continuity, current relevance and recency to the speech time –ST– do not offer a c

Landscape change in Europe has caused the decline of many grassland species. Tephroseris integrifolia (Asteraceae) is one species which has declined rapidly in Sweden since the 19th century. A census of extant populations from 1980 to 2009 revealed a dramatic decrease in population sizes during the early 1990s, despite far-reaching conservation measures. Knowledge of causes of species decline is n

New calorimetric methods for direct measurement of solubility and solvent activity are presented. The classical role of calorimetry for measurements of enthalpic parameters is abandoned and the technique is instead used for assessing thermodynamic quantities related to the chemical potential of a substance in a solution. Isothermal calorimetry is here employed as a general analytical method where

Popular Abstract in Swedish I cellen styrs allt av biomolekylernas förmåga till igenkänning och växelverkan med varandra. Molekylernas speciella egenskaper bygger upp kroppens alla komplicerade funktioner, till exempel immunförsvar, celldelning och muskelarbete. Interaktionerna mellan biomolekylerna kan vara av olika karaktär; de beskrivs som starka eller svaga (affinitet), långsamma eller snabba Molecular recognition and interaction is fundamental for the function of biological systems. The properties of the interacting biomolecules dictate the type of forces involved and the strength and dynamics of the interaction. Many interactions are very strong whereas others exhibit weak affinity. Typically, weak interactions work in concert to trigger a biological response. The advantage with thi

The stabilization characteristics and local extinction structures of partially premixed methane/air flames were studied using simultaneous OH-PLIF/PIV techniques, and large eddy simulations employing a two-scalar flamelet model. Partial premixing was made in a mixing chamber comprised of two concentric tubes, where the degree of partial premixing of fuel and air was controlled by varying the mixin

Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy into electricity. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a particularly interesting type because they can reform hydrocarbon fuels directly within the cell, which are possible thanks to their high operating temperature. The purpose of this study is to develop an anode-supported SOFC theoretical model, to enhance the understanding of t

In this article, various ways of understanding names and their significance for identity is discussed. A comparison between announcements in the births columns in two Swedish daily papers from 1965 and 1995 reveals that it is much more common to announce the child’s name today. This can be interpreted in relation to the conception of the vulnerability of the new-born baby, documented in the Folkli

Acute thromboembolic occlusion in the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is a condition with high mortality and morbidity. Multi-detector computerised tomography with intravenous contrast enhancement (MDCTiv) may improve diagnostic accuracy and survival. Patients with acute SMA occlusion were identified between 2004 and 2008 at Malmö University Hospital, Sweden. Medical records were analysed. Each M

To understand the function of a biological membrane like that of chloroplast thylakoids, it is important to understand the arrangement of its different protein and lipid components. Preparations that have proven to be particularly suited for such studies are those consisting of membrane vesicles that are turned inside-out. Inside-out vesicles from the thylakoid membrane were first obtained from sp

Accessibility in public outdoor environments is an important issue for persons with reduced functional capacity, for example older persons, and is also crucial for older pedestrians’ safety. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the importance and satisfaction of accessibility issues in public outdoor environments the year around as perceived by older persons (65 years old and above). Within two bef

In order to study protein function and activity structural data is required. Since experimental structures are available for just a small fraction of all known protein sequences, computational methods such as protein modelling can provide useful information. Over the last few decades we have predicted, with homology modelling methods, the structures for numerous proteins. In this study we assess t