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Aims: We tested whether autoantibodies to all three ZnT8RWQ variants, GAD65, insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2), insulin and autoantibodies to islet cell cytoplasm (ICA) in combination with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) would improve the diagnostic sensitivity of childhood type 1 diabetes by detecting the children who otherwise would have been autoantibody-negative. Methods: A total of 686 pat
Background: Prior studies have identified some risk factors for stress fracture in athletes and military recruits. Objective: To determine whether historical factors, physical measures, biochemical variables of skeletal metabolism, genetic factors, bone density (BMD) and bone size could predict risk of stress fracture over 4 years in physically fit cadets at the US Military Academy (USMA). Methods
The critical levels for ozone effects on vegetation have been reviewed and revised by the LRTAP Convention. Eight new or revised critical levels based on the accumulated stomatal flux of ozone (POD gamma, the Phytotoxic Ozone Dose above a threshold flux of Y nmol m(-2) PLA s(-1), where PLA is the projected leaf area) have been agreed. For each receptor, data were combined from experiments conducte
High resolution planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) was applied to investigate the local flame front structures of turbulent premixed methane/air jet flames in order to reveal details about turbulence and flame interaction. The targeted turbulent flames were generated on a specially designed coaxial jet burner, in which low speed stoichiometric gas mixture was fed through the outer large tube
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Distal radius fractures are most often treated nonoperatively, but sometimes they are treated surgically when deemed unstable. Based on the literature, a consensus protocol for treatment has been developed in southern Sweden to aid clinicians in their decision making. We evaluated the results of this protocol prospectively using a validated outcome instrument (DASH) in a la
The aim of this chapter is to move the issue a bit beyond the polarized views of profound critical reflection versus excessive trust in the checking procedures behind standards. We claim that the polarized views are largely due to an over-simplistic understanding of transparency. By comparing practical policy processes surrounding various standards, we aim to provide nuance to the issue of transpa
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ett system där flera personer och maskiner kan kommunicera samtidigt över ett gemensam medium kallas ett fleranvändarsystem. Den här avhandlingen presenterar och analyserar olika fleranvändarsystem där mediet består av en radiokanal med hög bandbredd. Analyser av hur många användare som kan kommunicera samtidigt och olika sätt för att öka denna kapacitet är presenterad.Wideband CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) is one of the key technologies for future mobile communication systems. This thesis studies various coding and transmission methods for wideband CDMA communications. In a cellular environment, the system performance depends on the interference from other cells. An analysis of the other-cell interference in the forward link, from the base station to the
PURPOSE: to test whether a laparoscopically-placed external band around the infrarenal aorta could stop vessel dilatation and prevent stent-graft detachment from the aortic wall. METHODS: in 13 growing pigs Gianturco-based stent-grafts were placed in the infrarenal aorta. In eight pigs, an external PTFE band (1 cm width) was placed laparoscopically around the infrarenal aorta. The remaining five p
Popular Abstract in Swedish I fem autopsistudier undersöktes humana käkledspreparat med tomografi (skiktröntgen), makroskopiskt (inspektion) och mikroskopiskt för förekomst av degenerativa (nedbrytande) förändringar. Speciellt undersöktes förekomst av erosiva förändringar i benet samt förändringar i den förkalkade broskzonen (skiktet mellan mjukbrosk och ben). Det förkalkade brosket var i normalaIn five autopsy specimen studies human temporomandibular joints were investigated by conventional tomography, macroscopy, and microscopy for degenerative changes, in particular erosive hard-tissue changes.In the microscopical evaluation special attention was paid to the calcified cartilage. The calcified cartilage was outlined by a flat or gently undulating basophilic tidemark and an irregular os
Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med studien är att bestämma de faktorer som påverkar eleverna då de löser matematiska problem i årskurserna 4-9 i grundskolan. Metoden, som använts, består i en analys av lösningarna till 25 problem, som getts i var och en av årskurserna. Några av problemen har varit desamma i alla årskurserna och ungefär 100 elever har deltagit i varje årskurs. Genom att undersö
Popular Abstract in Swedish Med ett stokastiskt fält (random field) kan man matematiskt modellera en yta vars struktur och variationer i större eller mindre utsträckning kan beskrivas som slumpmässiga. Ett typexempel är havsytan. Det finns vissa ''regler'' för hur den kan se ut, men det exakta utseendet hos en viss våg uppfattas som slumpmässigt. Reglerna omfattar bland annat medelnivån, huIn this thesis the focus is on crossing points in random fields and the probability distributions of various crossing variables in different applications. The crossing points are generalisations to random fields of points of level crossings by stochastic processes. Only crossing events that occur at distinct points in the parameter space are considered, for example stationary points (zero-crossing
Swedish guidelines on treatment of hyperlipidemia recommend higher cut-off levels for initiating treatment than do American guidelines, but are virtually identical for instituting and performing therapy. The aim of this study was to compare family physicians' reported practices in Sweden and Minnesota. We selected random samples of family physicians in southern Sweden and Minnesota for telephone i
Objective: To investigate differences in snuff consumption, sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics between baseline intermittent smokers that had become daily smokers, stopped smoking or remained intermittent smokers at the one year follow up. Design/setting/participants/measurements: A population of 12 507 individuals interviewed at baseline in 1992-94 and at a one year follow up, aged
Eight secondary metabolites were isolated from submerged cultures of the ascomycete A111-95 during a search for new nematicidal metabolites. (-)-Galiellalactone (7) and compound 2 are metabolites previously obtained from cultures of Galiella rufa while the compounds 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 (3 and 4 were obtained as an unseparable mixture), were isolated as natural products for the first time. Compound
The empirical focus of this article is technological innovation activities in the emerging field of fuel cells and related hydrogen technology in Norway from 1990 to 2002. In this period, four comparatively large-scale research and development projects and a number of smaller projects aimed at development of fuel cells technology were undertaken, resulting in many inventions that were subsequently
Telavancin is a novel bactericidal lipoglycopeptide with multiple mechanisms of action against gram-positive pathogens. The aim of this study was to describe the dynamics of the antimicrobial effect of telavancin against two strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin susceptible and methicillin resistant) in an in vitro kinetic model with simulated human pharmacokinetics. Also, static experimen
This report describes the results obtained from fire tests in a 1/3-scale room. The aim of the study was to investigate how changes in external radiation and oxygen supply affect the production of smoke and toxic gases. The ventilation was varied to simulate under- and well-ventilated fires. The thermal exposure to the materials was varied to simulate fires of different sizes. Fifty-nine tests wer
Background. The aim was to evaluate whether patients with benign ovarian cysts, functional ovarian cysts, or endometriosis have an increased risk of developing gynecologic cancer. Methods. The Swedish Hospital Discharge Register was used to identify a cohort of women discharged from hospital with the diagnoses of ovarian cyst (n = 42 217), functional ovarian cyst (n = 17 998), or endometriosis (n
