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As one of the core elements of the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU) a human biomonitoring (HBM) survey was conducted in 23 countries to generate EU-wide comparable HBM data. This survey has built on existing HBM capacity in Europe by aligning national or regional HBM studies, referred to as the HBM4EU Aligned Studies. The HBM4EU Aligned Studies included a total of 10,795 participan

UNLABELLED: The aim of this systemic review and meta-analysis was to examine the differences in caesarean section rates across European regions and at a country level by utilizing the Robson classification system. The study has compared caesarean rates across European regions using the Robson classification to identify the drivers of caesarean section use. This review shows significant variations

BACKGROUND: ATOR-1017 (evunzekibart) is a human agonistic immunoglobulin G4 antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137). ATOR-1017 activates T cells and natural killer cells in the tumor environment, leading to immune-mediated tumor cell death.METHODS: In this first-in-human, multicenter, phase I study, ATOR-1017 was administered intravenously every 21 days as a monotherapy to pati

Background: Nutri-Score is a scientifically validated 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label reflecting the nutrient profile of foods. It has been implemented in several European countries on a voluntary basis, pending the revision of the European labeling regulation. Hence, scientific evidence is needed regarding the ability of the nutrient profile underlying the Nutri-Score (uNS-NPS, 2023-updated

Objectives The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is one of the most commonly used measures for screening, diagnosing and monitoring of depression. So far, four studies have examined some of the psychometric properties of Persian version of PHQ-9 in physical and psychiatric patients; however, some aspects of its psychometrics have not yet been adequately evaluated in the student population. Th

Objective. To analyse how the main components of the disease phenotype (sicca symptoms, diagnostic tests, immunological markers and systemic disease) can be driven by the age at diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Methods. By January 2021, the participant centres had included 12,753 patients from 25 countries that fulfilled the 2002/2016 classification criteria for pSS. The age at diagn

Objective: To evaluate asynchronous digital visits (eVisits) with regard to digital communication, clinical decisionmaking,and subsequent care utilization in the digital era of primary care in Sweden.Methods: A mixed-methods approach was adopted across the various papers in the thesis, with all studiesevaluating the eVisit platform Flow in various clinical contexts.- Paper I was a comparative stud

Background: Assessments of arm motor function are usually based on clinical examinations or self-reported rating scales. Wrist-worn accelerometers can be a good complement to measure movement patterns after stroke. Currently there is limited knowledge of how accelerometry correlate to clinically used scales. The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate the relationship between intermittent

OBJECTIVES: The occurrence of hand and forearm disorders related to vibration exposure, adjusted for relevant background factors, is scarcely reported. We analysed the prevalence of such conditions in a large population cohort, stratified by sex, and associations with exposure to vibrating hand-held tools.DESIGN: This is a retrospective cohort study.SETTING: Individuals in the Malmö Diet and Cance

BACKGROUND: Finding ways to prolong independence in daily life among older people would be beneficial for both individuals and society. Urban green spaces have been found to improve health, but only a few studies have evaluated the association between urban green spaces and independence in daily life. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effect of urban green spaces on independence in

Background: Pharmaco-mechanical thrombolysis (PMT) has emerged as a treatment option in patients with acute lower limb ischemia (ALI), especially Rutherford IIb (motor deficit) for rapid revascularization, but supportive data is scarce. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of thrombolysis, complications, and outcomes of PMT first versus catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) first

Above-ground biomass (AGB) is considered an essential climate variable that underpins our knowledge and information about the role of forests in mitigating climate change. The availability of satellite-based AGB and AGB change (ΔAGB) products has increased in recent years. Here we assessed the past decade net ΔAGB derived from four recent global multi-date AGB maps: ESA-CCI maps, WRI-Flux model, J

Background: The understanding of inhaled particle respiratory tract deposition is a key link to understand the health effects of particles or the efficiency for medical drug delivery via the lung. However, there are few experimental data on particle respiratory tract deposition, and the existing data deviates considerably when comparing results for particles > 1 μm. Methods: We designed an experim

Epithelioid and spindle cell hemangioma was initially described in 1999 in a series of primary bone tumors and was subsequently suggested by some to represent a variant of epithelioid hemangioma. Here, we studied 18 epithelioid and spindle cell hemangiomas. Nine patients (50%) were male. Age at presentation ranged from 12 to 78 years (median: 38.5 y). Nine patients (50%) had tumor(s) limited to bo

Background: Different tau biomarkers become abnormal at different stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with CSF p-tau typically being elevated at subthreshold levels of tau-PET binding. To capitalize on the temporal order of tau biomarker-abnormality and capture the earliest changes of tau accumulation, we selected a group of amyloid-β-positive (A+) individuals with elevated CSF p-tau levels but ne

Background: For optimal design of anti-amyloid-β (Aβ) and anti-tau clinical trials, it is important to understand how Aβ and soluble phosphorylated tau (p-tau) relate to the accumulation of tau aggregates assessed with positron emission tomography (PET) and subsequent cognitive decline across the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum. Method: We included 327 participants from the Swedish BioFINDER-2

Pheromone communication systems have a reliable signal with a restricted window of amounts and ratios released and perceived. We propose a model based on a Gaussian response profile that allows a quantification of the response peak (location of optimum) and a measure of the peak width (response window). Interpreting the Gaussian curve, fitted by nonlinear regression (NLR), as a standard normal dis

Bai Nuur (41 degrees 38.590'N, 114 degrees 30.922'E, similar to 1346 m a.s.l.) and Ulan Nuur (41 degrees 44.214'N, 115 degrees 05.630'E, similar to 1246 m a.s.l.) are two small lakes situated in the transition zone between semi-humid and semi-arid climate regimes that runs parallel to the present limit of the southeast monsoon along the southeastern Inner Mongolia Plateau in north China. A 215 cm-

Tau is an axonal microtubule-binding protein. Tau pathology in brain and increased tau concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Most of tau in CSF is present as fragments. We immunoprecipitated tau from CSF and identified several endogenous peptides ending at amino acid (aa) 123 or 224 using high-resolution mass spectrometry. We raised neo-epitope-s

The overall aim of this thesis is to gain a clearer picture of the differences in mobility among the young-old living in Sweden’s large metropolitan regions. This thesis comprises four papers. Paper I explores the inclusion of public transport as an element of mobility among the young-old living in the Stockholm region. Paper II presents an analysis of cycling among older people in the city of Mal