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Popular Abstract in Swedish Det är en viktig uppgift för samhället att förebygga HIV och STI (sexuellt överförbara infektioner) bland ungdomar. Under de första åren av 1990-talet, när denna studie genomfördes, ökade dessa infektioner på ett oroväckande sätt. Detta gällde särskilt klamydiainfektionerna och nästan 25% av studenterna vid Lunds universitet rapporterade att de hade haft en konstaterad Slowing the incidence of HIV and STI among young people requires that they change their sexual behaviours. There is evidence that community-based interventions that target multiple levels of influence can be effective. In community mobilization different segments and sectors of a population are directly involved in problem identification and in the design and implementation of programs. The proces

Background: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease and inflammation has been implicated in development of other chronic diseases, but few studies have examined the relationship with dementia. Objectives: This study examines associations of atopic dermatitis (AD) and systemic inflammation in adolescence measured using erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), as well as AD diagnosed i

Prophylactic endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) aims to avoid aneurysm rupture. However, only patients with sufficient long-term survival get benefit from this avoidance. Therefore, accurate patient selection is crucial.The aim of the project is to evaluate new methods of assessing and minimizing the risks and thereby improve the selection of patient with the mo

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has previously been associated with several comorbidities that may have shared genetic, epigenetic, developmental or environmental origins. PCOS may be influenced by prenatal androgen excess, poor intrauterine or childhood environmental factors, childhood obesity and learned health risk behaviors. We analyzed the association between PCOS and several rel

Bildandet av beläggningar på värmeväxlarytor (fouling) är ett stort problem vid värmebehandling av mejeriprodukter och växtbaserade drycker, eftersom det leder till ökat rengöringsbehov och stopp i produktionen. Konventionell rengöring använder kemiska rengöringsmedel (syra och bas), vilket har en negativ miljöpåverkan. Ett potentiellt alternativ till detta är den mer miljövänliga enzymatiska rengFouling is a major problem during heat treatment of dairy and plant-based beverages, leading to increased cleaning demand and production downtime. Conventional cleaning methods rely on chemical detergents (acids and bases), which raise sustainability concerns. A potential cleaning option is the use of enzymes, which has a lower environmental impact. Plant-based dairy alternatives are increasing i

Many Swedish multifamily buildings from the 1960s are now reaching a stage where major renovation is needed to improve energy performance, indoor environmental quality, and long-term climate performance. At the same time, renovation strategies may involve trade-offs between operational energy savings, embodied carbon, thermal comfort, and material circularity. This thesis evaluates energy-efficien

BACKGROUND: Improving utilization of contraceptive methods serves as a powerful catalyst for advancing women's education, health, and personal autonomy. Many countries have pledged to enhance contraceptive availability as part of their commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically under indicator 3.7.1. This study sought to understand the drivers of modern contraceptive use

Objective: To assess the quality of antibiotic prescribing in primary care in Belgium, the Netherlands and Sweden using European disease-specific antibiotic prescribing quality indicators (APQI) and taking into account the threshold to consult and national guidelines. Design: A retrospective observational database study. Setting: Routine primary health care registration networks in Belgium, the Ne

AbstractBackground Mitral regurgitation (MR) has many etiologies; the most common is degenerative disease. If not corrected, severe MR may cause left and right ventricular heart failure. Mitral valve (MV) repair is the gold standard for treatment of MR. All repair techniques include MV annuloplasty, but various techniques are employed to repair the valvular apparatus. The classical technique of le

Popular Abstract in Swedish Spel och spelbräden har fått lite uppmärksamhet av forskare som undersöker de antika kulturerna. Denna avhandling samlar och analyserar arkeologiskt spelmaterial från bronsålderns Kreta, definierar forskningsfältet och presenterar ett ramverk med materialavgränsningar och typologier. Vidare undersöks spelandet som en del av socialhistorien. Varje del i avhandlingen - soThe old, world-wide phenomenon of playing board games has received little attention among scholars studying the ancient cultures. This thesis collects and analyses game-related material from Bronze Age Crete, defines the field of research and provides a framework with definitions and typologies. A further goal is to use the results of the analyses to extend beyond the archaeological material and e

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vård och behandling av akut postoperativ och cancer-relaterad smärta: Patienters erfarenheter och uppfattningar i förhållande till hälsorelaterad livskvalitet och smärtans dimensioner Trots att det finns effektiva behandlingsmetoder för patienter med postoperativ smärta och cancer-relaterad smärta så lider många patienter av smärta. Denna avhandling beskriver patienterThis thesis describes patients in acute postoperative pain as well as patients with acute cancer-related pain in palliative care, and their experiences and perceptions of pain management in relation to HRQOL and the multidimensionality of pain. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was chosen. Data were collected using interviews and questionnaires; APS, SF:36 and a new developed q

Mycorrhizal symbioses are formed between plant root systems and compatible fungal hyphae that results in a complex mixed structure. They are found in all ecosystems and with the majority of land plants such as forest trees or crops that are of commercial interest. Mutual exchange of nutrients between the two symbionts is central to the successful functioning of the symbioses. In order to understan

Using tracking radars, we investigated the variability of flight directions of long-distance nocturnal passerine migrants across seasons (spring versus autumn migration) and sites at the southern (56A degrees N) and northern (68A degrees N) ends of the Scandinavian Peninsula (Lund versus Abisko). Whilst most migrants at Lund are on passage to and from breeding sites in Fennoscandia, the majority o

This paper concerns mathematical modeling and computational fluid dynamics of back-shocking during hollow fibre ultrafiltration of dextran T500. In this paper we present a mathematical model based on first Principles, i.e., solving the Navier-Stokes equation along with the continuity equation for both the solute and the solvent. We investigate the validity of the estimate On the optimal back-shock

Background: The thermostable beta-glucosidase (TnBgl1A) from Thermotoga neapolitana is a promising biocatalyst for hydrolysis of glucosylated flavonoids and can be coupled to extraction methods using pressurized hot water. Hydrolysis has however been shown to be dependent on the position of the glucosylation on the flavonoid, and e. g. quercetin-3-glucoside (Q3) was hydrolysed slowly. A set of mut

Reactions of the lightly stabilized triosmium cluster [Os-3(CO)(8){mu(3)-Ph2PCH2P(Ph)C6H4}(mu-H)] with tri(2-thienyl)phosphine (PTh3) and tri(2-furyl)phosphine (PFu(3)) are described and compared to analogous reactions with PPh3. At room temperature, a number of products are isolated: [Os-3(CO)(10)(mu-dppm)] from CO addition, [Os-3(CO)(8)(PR3){mu(3)-Ph2PCH2P(Ph)C6H4}(mu-H)] from phosphine addition

The practice of service encounters in a district court, a home for the elderly, and a hotel Service management research places the service encounter in a central position. It is highlighted as a key event that involves the simultaneous production, consumption, and marketing of the services produced by the operation. However, in this research there is a tendency to discuss the service encounter in

Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka det strukturella underlaget för förslagen att makrofager och gaserna kvävemonooxid (NO) och kolmonoxid (CO), som bildas av kvävemonooxidsyntaser (NOS) respektive hemeoxygenaser (HO), är viktiga för att en perifer nerv ska regenerera. Det finns stöd för dessa hypoteser eftersom andra har visat att förhållanden som stör den invThe purpose of this study was to investigate the suggestions that macrophages, and the systems generating nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), i.e. nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and heme oxygenases (HO), could be important for peripheral nerve regeneration. Immunocytochemistry was used to visualise invading and resident macrophages, inducible NOS (iNOS), two isoforms of HO (HO-1 and HO-2),

In the West, everybody is now talking about the economic and financial crisis. The term ‘’crisis” has become a buzzword within both academic and policy communities. There is an enormous upsurge of scholarly interest in the effects of this crisis on public administration systems, and the role that public administration plays in these processes. The underlying belief is that the public administratio