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Background: Survival rates following a diagnosis of cancer vary between countries. The International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP), a collaboration between six countries with primary care led health services, was set up in 2009 to investigate the causes of these differences. Module 3 of this collaboration hypothesised that an association exists between the readiness of primary care physic

NADH:quinone oxidoreductase or complex I is a large membrane bound enzyme complex that has evolved from the combination of smaller functional building blocks. Intermediate size enzyme complexes exist in nature that comprise some, but not all of the protein subunits in full size 14-subunit complex I. The membrane spanning complex I subunits NuoL, NuoM and NuoN are homologous to each other and to tw

The influence of soil physicochemical properties on microbial communities can be large, especially in developing soils of glacier forefield chronosequences. However, small-scale expositional differences in bare soils and their impacts on soil microbial communities have so far been largely neglected. Here we studied the changes of microbial communities in three deglaciated unvegetated sites along a

BACKGROUND: The current trend of upgrading undervalued agricultural by-products involves the recovery of natural antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to recover phenols from fresh olive mill wastewater (OMW) with their dispersion in 85 mL ethanol per 100 mL and to investigate the effect of processing parameters on the phenol content and antioxidant capacity of the extracts. Moreover, all th

Abstract in UndeterminedSoil loss estimation remains one of the most difficult research tasks all over the world. Current simulation tools are still not detailed enough to allow for realistic scenarios to handle soil erosion problems. A common problem is the lack of rainfall data at a sufficient level of detail. The present study uses a cascade disaggregation model to generate short time scale rai

The increasing industrial application of metal oxide Engineered Nano-Particles (ENPs) is likely to increase their environmental release to soils. While the potential of metal oxide ENPs as environmental toxicants has been shown, lack of suitable control treatments have compromised the power of many previous assessments. We evaluated the ecotoxicity of ENP (nano) forms of Zn and Cu oxides in two di

Soil phosphorus (P) composition changes with ecosystem development, leading to changes in P bioavailability and ecosystem properties. Little is known, however, about how soil P transformations proceed with ecosystem development in boreal regions. We used 1-dimensional P-31 and 2-dimensional H-1, P-31 correlation nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to characterise soil organic P transform

Backgrounds. A focus on psychiatric rehabilitation in order to support recovery among persons with severe mental illness (SMI) has been given great attention in research and mental health policy, but less impact on clinical practice. Despite the potential impact of psychiatric rehabilitation on health and wellbeing, there is a lack of research regarding the model called the Psychiatric Rehabilitat

The biogeography of speciation and what can be learned about the past mode of speciation from current biogeography of sister species are recurrent problems in evolution. We used a trait- and individual-based, eco-evolutionary model to simulate adaptive radiations and recorded the geographical overlap of species during and after evolutionary branching (speciation). We compared the spatial overlap a

Base cation weathering (BCw) rate is one of the most influential yet difficult to estimate parameters in the calculation of critical acid loads of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deposition for terrestrial systems. Only the clay correlation-substrate method, a simple empirical model, has been used for estimating BCw rates for forest ecosystems in the conterminous USA and may not be suitable for applic

Background: Stroke in the young has not been thoroughly investigated with most previous studies based on a small number of patients from single centers. Furthermore, recent reports indicate that Fabry disease may be a significant cause for young stroke. The primary aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of Fabry disease in young stroke patients, while the secondary aim was to describe pa

Summary Background: The vitamin K-dependent Gas6 protein (product of growth arrest specific gene 6) binds to, and activates the TAM receptor tyrosine kinases Tyro3, Axl, and Mer. Gas6 and the TAM receptors have been suggested to be important for primary platelet functions, but Gas6 cannot be found in human platelets. However, Gas6 is present in human plasma at a concentration of around 0.2 nM, whi

Purpose: To examine how the library user emerges in the context of the LibQUAL+ application in Sweden in 2004. Design/methodology/approach: The paper examines the following aspects: how the information control dimension is depicted in the results of the Swedish participants; how the information control dimension compares between the Swedish implementation and other libraries; the "new user" as he

Nidogen-1 binds several basement membrane components by well-defined, domain-specific interactions. Organ culture and gene targeting approaches suggest that a high-affinity nidogen-binding site of the laminin gamma1 chain (y1III4) is important for kidney development and for nerve guidance. Other proteins may also bind gamma1III4, although human nidogen-2 binds poorly to the mouse laminin gamma1 ch

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are pleiotropic secreted proteins, structurally related to transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and activins. BMPs play pivotal roles in the regulation of embryonic lung development and branching of airways and have recently been considered to influence inflammatory processes in adults due to their chemotactic activity on fibroblasts, myocytes, and inflammatory

The bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), stored in human neutrophil granulocytes, is cytotoxic against Gram-negative bacteria. Several genes related to BPI cluster on human chromosome 20 and on mouse chromosome 2, but expression and characterization of a BPI ortholog in the mouse have not been reported. We asked whether BPI is structurally and functionally conserved between humans a

Aim. This paper is a report of a study to elucidate families' lived experience of diabetes one year after a child was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Background. The incidence of type 1 diabetes is rapidly increasing worldwide, with a shift towards younger age groups. This illness is treated by means of an intensive management regimen that often disrupts the child's usual activities and requires d

We investigated prospectively the risk of lung cancer in relation to socioeconomic status (SES) in 22387 middle-aged individuals who attended a screening program in the city of Malmo, Sweden between 1974 and 1992. We also examined the relationship between SES and histologic subtype in smokers. By 2003, a total of 550 lung cancer cases had been identified. Relative risks (RR) were calculated with a

Abstract Determination of the respiratory tract deposition of airborne particles is critical for risk assessment of air pollution, inhaled drug delivery, and understanding of respiratory disease. With the advent of nanotechnology, there has been an increasing interest in the measurement of pulmonary deposition of nanoparticles because of their unique properties in inhalation toxicology and medicin

The impacts of climate change are likely to exacerbate many problems that coastal areas already face. In this study, we used multinomial logistic regression to examine human perception of climate change based on a cross-sectional survey of 1253 individuals in coastal regions of Tanzania. This was complemented with time series analysis of 50-year meteorological data. The results indicate that self-