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BACKGROUND: Kwashiorkor, a form of severe malnutrition with high mortality, is characterized by edema and systemic abnormalities. Although extremely common, its pathophysiology remains poorly understood, and its characteristic physical signs are unexplained.OBJECTIVE: Because kwashiorkor can develop in protein-losing enteropathy, which is caused by a loss of enterocyte heparan sulfate proteoglycan
Background: The relationship between growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is still unclear. We sought to examine whether plasma GDF-15 was related to incident CKD and kidney function decline using a large prospective cohort study. Methods: 4318 participants of the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study-Cardiovascular Cohort were examined in 1991-1994.
BACKGROUND: It is still not clear whether anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer affects long-term functional outcome. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate how anastomotic leakage following anterior resection for rectal cancer influences defecatory, urinary, and sexual function. DESIGN: In this retrospective population-based cohort study, patients were identified through
OBJECTIVES: Exposure to high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may cause cancer in chimney sweeps and creosote-exposed workers, however, knowledge about exposure to low-molecular-weight PAHs in relation to cancer risk is limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate occupational exposure to the low-molecular-weight PAHs phenanthrene and fluorene in relation to different ca
Purpose: To examine the association between statin use and risk of breast cancer recurrence in a national Danish cohort of postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving aromatase inhibitors (AI) in the adjuvant setting. Patients and methods: We enrolled all postmenopausal patients diagnosed with stage I–III estrogen receptor positive breast cancer during the years 2007–2017, assigned adjuvant AI
BACKGROUND: Exposure to extreme arterial partial pressures of oxygen (PaO2) and carbon dioxide (PaCO2) following the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is common and may affect neurological outcome but results of previous studies are conflicting.METHODS: Exploratory study of the International Cardiac Arrest Registry (INTCAR) 2.0 database, including
While urbanisation contributes to global biodiversity declines, flower-rich urban habitats may provide beneficial pollinator habitats. We investigated the potential of urban residential areas to contribute to pollinator diversity by analysing wild bee and hoverfly species richness and composition of species assemblages of summer-active species, sampled in 53 gardens across urban and rural landscap
Background: As healthcare becomes increasingly complex, new methods are needed to identify weaknesses in the system that could lead to increased risk. Traditionally, the focus for patient safety is to study incident reports and adverse events, but that starting point has been contested with a new era of safety investigations: the analysis of everyday clinical work, and the resilient healthcare. Th
In this study, we investigate the responses of soil organic carbon (C) to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) additions along a soil P stock gradient of five beech forest stands in Germany, using a modelling approach. Two different soil models with coupled C, N, and P cycles are used to simulate fertilization experiments conducted at the study sites. The first model, the stand-alone soil module of QUI
With the increasing interest in the use of biofuels for heat and energy generation there is a growing concern about emissions from their combustion. It has been shown that biofuel furnaces emit relatively high quantities of particulate matter in comparison to natural gas and light fuel oil furnaces. Majority of the emitted particulates are smaller than 10 μm with high contribution of fine (< 2.5 μ
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: There is an ongoing controversy about the significance of tonsillar ectopia among patients with idiopathic scoliosis (IS). AIM: To find out if tonsillar ectopia occurs more frequently among patients with IS and if it plays any etiological or prognostic role in IS. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 155 consecutive spine MRIs (79 patients wit
Popular Abstract in Swedish Synkrotronstrålning genereras när laddade partiklar som färdas med relativistiska hastigheter böjs av i ett magnetfält. Under accelerationen som böjningen utgör genereras synkrotronstrålning i en smal kon i partikelns framåtriktning. Denna fotonstrålning är intensiv och utgör en användbar prob inom materialforskningen. Genom att belysa material med synkrotronstrålningenWithin research, synchrotron radiation is a highly useful probe for the study of materials, their properties and structures. Currently, no other radiation source allows the combination of high intensity and short wavelengths. The 3rd generation light sources currently in use for the production of synchrotron radiation are however considerable investments: for already existing facilities this makes
BACKGROUND: Severe meningitis may compromise cerebral perfusion through increases in intracranial pressure (ICP) and through hypovolemia caused by a general inflammation with systemic plasma leakage. From its antiaggregative/antiadhesive and permeability-reducing properties, prostacyclin (PGI2) is a potential adjuvant treatment in meningitis, but previously published data have been ambiguous. The
Popular Abstract in Swedish Tarmslemhinnans förmåga att ta upp olika näringsämnen från tarmen är essentiell för vår överlevnad men den utgör också en viktig skyddsbarriär mellan tarminnehållet och blodbanan. Tarminnehållet består till stor del av bakterier och ej nedbrutna födoämnesmolekyler vilka kan ge upphov till patologiska tillstånd om de passerar tarmväggen. Ökad kunskap om tarmens funktion The intestinal epithelium has the dual function of absorbing nutrients and water as well as being a barrier to potentially harmful substances such as macromolecules and bacteria. In the present thesis the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa was studied in vitro in Ussing diffusion chambers. Intestinal permeability to different-sized molecules was investigated and compared in various intesti
Knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms governing the influence of non-coding RNAs on protein production has emerged rapidly during the past decade. Today, two main research areas can be identified, one oriented toward the use of artificially introduced siRNAs for manipulation of gene expression, and the other one focused on the function of endogenous miRNAs. In both cases, the active molecu
Aims: Real-time perfusion (RTP) adenosine stress echocardiography (ASE) can be used to visually evaluate myocardial ischaemia. The RTP power modulation technique angio-mode (AM), provides images for off-line perfusion quantification using Qontrast (R) software, generating values of peak signal intensity (A), myocardial blood flow velocity (beta) and myocardial blood flow (Ax beta). By comparing re
Background-beta-Adrenergic stimulation is the main trigger for cardiac events in type 1 long-QT syndrome (LQT1). We evaluated a possible association between ion channel response to beta-adrenergic stimulation and clinical response to beta-blocker therapy according to mutation location. Methods and Results-The study sample comprised 860 patients with genetically confirmed mutations in the KCNQ1 cha
Aims: It is well established that the main cause of the development of cardiovascular disease can be found in unhealthy lifestyle habits. In our study, we wanted to explore the long-term predictors of self-reported lifestyle changes in a middle-aged population after screening for cardiovascular risk factors 10 years earlier. Methods: We conducted a 10-year follow-up telephone interview on self-rep
Background: Concern has been raised regarding the mounting collective radiation doses from computed tomography (CT), increasing the risk of radiation-induced cancers in exposed populations. Purpose: To compare radiation dose and image quality in a chest phantom and in patients for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) at 100 and 120 peak kilovoltage (kVp) using 16-multichannel detector computed
Background High-resolution genomic microarrays enable simultaneous detection of copy-number aberrations such as the known recurrent aberrations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia [del(11q), del(13q), del(17p) and trisomy 12], and copy-number neutral loss of heterozygosity. Moreover, comparison of genomic profiles from sequential patients' samples allows detection of clonal evolution. Design and Metho
