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Objectives: To describe the pattern of drug resistance at virological failure in the NEAT001/ANRS143 trial (first-line treatment with ritonavir-boosted darunavir plus either tenofovir/emtricitabine or raltegravir). Methods: Genotypic testing was performed at baseline for reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease genes and for RT, protease and integrase (IN) genes for patients with a confirmed viral

The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child state that in all actions concerning children the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration. Children are capable of forming their own views and have the right to express those views freely. The school plays an important role in empowering children in this socialization process and Swedish schools have in its educational assignment a

Developed states have what might charitably be called a schizophrenic attitude towards international refugee law. Determined to remain formally engaged with refugee law and yet unwavering in their commitment to avoid assuming their fair share of practical responsibilities under that regime, wealthier countries have embraced the politics of non-entrée, comprising efforts to keep refugees away from

Phenomenological computational models of tissue regeneration and bone healing have been only partially successful in predicting experimental observations. This may be a result of simplistic modeling of cellular activity. Furthermore, phenomenological models are limited when considering the effects of combined physical and biological interventions. In this study, a new model of cell and tissue diff

Popular Abstract in Swedish Livets minsta beståndsdel, cellen, omges av ett membran som avgränsar den från omvärlden. För att hålla den inre miljön kontrollerad måste cellen kunna styra transporten av olika ämnen över membranet, vilket görs med hjälp av olika proteiner. Dessa proteiner kan antingen vara energikrävande pumpar och transportörer som aktivt förflyttar substanser över membranet, eller Major Intrinsic Proteins (MIPs, also called Aquaporins, AQPs) are channel forming membrane proteins. Although initially functionally characterized and named after their water channeling property in human red blood cells, it has become increasingly evident that MIPs are present in all types of organisms and transport a variety of small, uncharged molecules besides water. MIPs have a highly conserve

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the efficacy results from 3 placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trials of slow-release mesalamine (Pentasa) for the acute treatment of mild to moderate Crohn's disease. METHODS: Three trials fulfilled the selection criteria (double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized studies in adult patients treated with Pentasa

Objective: The therapies available today for multiple sclerosis (MS) reduce but do not fully control disease activity. The objective of this article is to review the definitions of and treatments for suboptimally controlled MS and highlight the challenges faced by clinicians to increase awareness of recognizing and managing patients with suboptimally controlled MS. Methods: Published literature de

In the present study we combined interferon (IFN) and hydroxyurea (HU) treatment, intensive chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT) in newly diagnosed chronic myelogenous leukemia patients aged below 56 years, not eligible for allogeneic SCT. Patients who had an HLA-identical sibling donor and no contraindication went for an allogeneic SCT (related donor, RD). After diagnosis,

Chromosome abnormalities have been reported in more than 46,000 benign and malignant neoplastic disorders, leading to the identification of numerous recurrent abnormalities. A substantial number of recurrent balanced aberrations (RBAs), in particular, reciprocal translocations, occur with remarkable specificity in association with clinical and tumor characteristics. This information has become inc

Functional recovery following intrastriatal transplantation of fetal dopaminergic neurons in animal models of Parkinson's disease is, at least in part, dependent on the number of surviving dopaminergic neurons and the degree of graft-derived dopaminergic reinnervation of the host striatum. In the present study, we analyzed whether continuous exposure of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor

In conventional synthetic transmit aperture imaging (STA) the image is built up from a number of low resolution images each originating from consecutive single element firings to yield a high resolution image. This lowers the frame rate and may result in motion artifacts. This paper, describes a method in which all transmitting centers can be excited at the same time and separated at the receiver

Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae harbouring the xylose reductase (XR) gene XYL1 from Pichia stipitis was grown in anoxic chemostat culture at two different dilution rates. At each dilution rate a transient experiment, encompassing a shift in the sugar content of the medium from glucose to glucose plus xylose was performed. The steady states at the beginning and the end of the transients were c

The mitral annulus (MA) has a complex shape and motion, and its excursion has been correlated to left ventricular (LV) function. During the cardiac cycle the annulus' excursion encompasses a volume that is part of the total LV volume change during both filling and emptying. Our objective was to evaluate the contribution of MA excursion and shape variation to total LV volume change. Nine healthy su

Lewis rats that are known to be addiction-prone, develop compulsive running if they have access to running wheels. The present experiments were aimed 1) to evaluate the activation of stress systems following chronic and acute voluntary wheel running in Lewis rats by measurement of hormone release and gene expression of neuropeptides related to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis activ

Aim To critically review the status of the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) using the best available scientific studies as there is a prevailing view that this species is globally endangered and its marine ecosystem functions compromised. Location Ogasawara (Japan), Hawaii (USA), Great Barrier Reef (Australia), Florida (USA), Tortuguero (Costa Rica). Methods We compiled seasonal nesting activity

Abstract Divergent natural selection is often thought to be the principal factor driving phenotypic differentiation between populations. We studied two ecotypes of the aquatic isopod Asellus aquaticus which have diverged in parallel in several Swedish lakes. In these lakes, isopods from reed belts along the shores colonized new stonewort stands in the centre of the lakes and rapid phenotypic chang

Recent investigations have shown neuropeptide Y (NPY) to be present in the rabbit maxillary sinus, and NPY is known to be released upon sympathetic nerve stimulation. To study, in vivo, the effect on mucociliary activity and blood flow, NPY 1-36 and some of its analogues were injected intra-arterially. The effects of the Y1/Y2 agonist NPY 1-36 was compared with the ones of the Y2 agonist NPY 16-36

Variation in sex hormone exposure during early embryonic development contributes to individual differences in behaviour and cognitive abilities later in life. Digit ratio has gained considerable interest as a putative marker for early androgen/oestrogen exposure in behavioural ecology research. Studying digit ratio in nonhuman laboratory as well as wild vertebrate species may be useful to assess w

Objectives To determine whether three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound including power Doppler examination of the cervix is useful for predicting time to spontaneous onset of labor or time to delivery in prolonged pregnancy. Methods A prospective study was conducted in 60 women who went into spontaneous labor. All underwent transvaginal 3D power Doppler ultrasound examination of the cervix immediately

A new type of supermacroporous, monolithic, cryogel affinity adsorbent was developed, allowing the specific capture of urokinase from conditioned media of human fibrosarcoma cell line HT1080. The affinity adsorbent was designed with the objective of using it as a capture column in an integrated perfusion/protein separation bioreactor setup. A comparative study between the utility of this novel cry