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A substantial proportion of patients with adult-onset diabetes share features of both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). These individuals, at diagnosis, clinically resemble T2D patients by not requiring insulin treatment, yet they have immunogenetic markers associated with T1D. Such a slowly evolving form of autoimmune diabetes, described as latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LAD

Background-We assessed whether 234 established dyslipidemia-associated loci modify the effects of metformin treatment and lifestyle intervention (versus placebo control) on lipid and lipid subfraction levels in the Diabetes Prevention Program randomized controlled trial. Methods and Results-We tested gene treatment interactions in relation to baseline-adjusted follow-up blood lipid concentrations

A DNS study of propagation of either an infinitely thin passive interface or a reaction wave of a nonzero thickness in forced, constant-density, statistically stationary, homogeneous, isotropic turbulence was performed by solving Navier-Stokes equations and either level set or reaction-diffusion equation, respectively, with all other things being equal. The simulations covered a wide range of cond

Background: Use of bio-based diesel is increasing in Europe. It is currently produced from oilseed crops, but can also be generated from lignocellulosic biomass such as straw. However, removing straw affects soil organic carbon (SOC), with potential consequences for the climate impact of the biofuel. This study assessed the climate impacts and energy balance of biodiesel production from straw usin

Prior treatment exposure in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma may affect outcomes with subsequent therapies. We analyzed efficacy and safety according to prior treatment in the phase 3 TOURMALINE-MM1 study of ixazomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (ixazomib-Rd) versus placebo-Rd. Patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma received ixazomib-Rd or placebo-Rd. Efficacy and safet

Background: Allergy and asthma are closely linked. Inhalation of allergen induces an early allergic response (EAR) within the airways of allergic asthmatic subjects, which is followed by a late allergic response (LAR) in approximately 50% of the subjects. The LAR is defined as a drop in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) from baseline usually occurring 4-8 hours after exposure and is beli

The climate impacts from bioenergy involve an important time aspect. Using forest residues for energy may result in high initial emissions, but net emissions are reduced over time since, if the residues were left on the ground, they would decompose and release CO2 to the atmosphere. This article investigates the climate impacts from bioenergy with special focus on the time aspects. More specifical

Abstract Objective. Being able to predict the recurrence or progression of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer would facilitate effective planning of treatments and follow-up. Biomarkers are needed that can supply prognostic information beyond that provided by clinical and pathological parameters. Tissue microarray (TMA)-based analysis of Ta bladder tumours was used to investigate the prognostic va

OBJECTIVES: The soluble epoxide hydrolase (gene name EPHX2) is responsible for metabolism of 8,9 11,12 and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, vasodilator and anti-inflammatory substances. There are several functional polymorphisms in the EPHX2 gene: two of them, the K55R and R287Q, showing an altered metabolic activity in vitro, were associated with coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke in prev

Popular Abstract in Swedish Alla människor blir dagligen utsatta för olika typer av främmande organismer som kan förorsaka kroppen skada. Därför har vi utvecklat celler som har till uppgift att "döda" och avlägsna allt främmande som kommer in i kroppen, det så kallade immunförsvaret. Immunförsvaret består av ett komplicerat nätverk av celler och molekyler som tillsammans skyddar oss om vi utsätts This thesis deals with the interactions between superantigens and their receptors. Superantigens are proteins that are secreted by various bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Superantigens are able to cross-link T cells and antigen presenting cells by binding to the T cell receptor (TCR) and MHC class II. They bind as unprocessed antigens and activate up to 20 % of

The aims of this study were: to compare the cartilaginous outline of the femoral head obtained on arthrograms with those on MR images and to correlate it to the bony head outlines on conventional radiograps; to study early, postoperative cartilaginous and bony remodeling of the femoral head, after proximal femoral varus derotation extension osteotomy, with MR imaging and conventional radiography;

Popular Abstract in Swedish Tumörimmunologisk grundkurs: En tumörcell har en gång i tiden varit en vanlig laglydig cell i någon av kroppens vävnader men på grund av arv eller dålig uppväxtmiljö så har denna cell upphört att följa de tillväxt begränsande regler som normala celler rättar sig efter. Förutom att kontrollen av celldelningen upphört så kan tumörcellen uppvisa ett mer eller mindre asociThis study aims at clarifying the role of NO in the immunosuppression induced by in vivo tumor growth and by tumor immunotherapy, and determining whether the inhibition of NO production can be used as an adjuvant in tumor immunotherapy. We have shown previously that tumor cells, glioma (N32) and colon carcinoma (H1D2), when genetically engineered to express such immune stimulatory cytokines as IFN

Environmental models are important tools; however uncertainty is pervasive in the modeling process. Current research has shown that under­standing and representing these uncertainties is critical when decisions are expected to be made from the modeling results. One critical question has become: how focused should uncertainty intervals be with consideration of characteristics of uncertain input dat

The redox behavior of two synthetic manganese complexes illustrates a mechanistic aspect of importance for light-driven water oxidation in Photosystem 11 (PSII) and design of biomimetic systems (artificial photosynthesis). The coupling between changes in oxidation state and structural changes was investigated for two binuclear manganese complexes (1 and 2), which differ in the set of first sphere

A part of this thesis has been devoted to present general recuperator technology such as available gas turbine recuperator types, applications where recuperators are utilized, recuperator materials etc. An investigation of some compact and highly efficient heat transfer surfaces, for intended use in gas turbine recuperators, include the following surfaces: · Cross Wavy (CW) primary surface. · Cor

AIM: To study the interaction between the human cysteine proteinase inhibitor, cystatin C, and proteinases of periodontitis associated bacteria. METHODS: Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from discrete periodontitis sites and their cystatin C content was estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The interaction between cystatin C and proteolytic enzymes from cultured s

This article presents a new method for conjugate view activity quantification for 131I-labeled monoclonal antibody distribution. METHODS: The method is based on the combined use of images from 3 modalities: whole-body (WB) scintillation camera scanning, WB transmission scanning using 57Co, and CT. All images are coaligned using a recently developed program for the registration of WB images. Correc

Source-sorted municipal organic waste collected from different dwelling types in five Danish cities and pre-treated at three different plants was sampled and characterized several times during one year to investigate the origin of any differences in composition of the pre-treated waste introduced by city, pre-treatment technology, dwelling type or annual season. The investigated pre-treatment tech

In winter, small birds should be fat to avoid starvation and lean and agile to escape predators. This means that they face a tradeoff between the costs and benefits of carrying fat reserves. Every day they must gain enough fat to survive the coming night. Food-hoarding species can afford to carry less fat than nonhoarders because they can store energy outside the body. Furthermore, hoarders should

Genetic risk scores (GRS), summing up the total effect of several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes associated with either coronary risk or cardiovascular risk factors, have been tested for association with ischemic stroke with conflicting results. Recently an association was found between a GRS based on 29 SNPs discovered by genome-wide association studies and hypertension. The aim