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In recent years there has been an increased interest in the function of inhibitory interneurons. In the cerebellum this interest has been paired with successes in obtaining recordings from these neurons in vivo and genetic manipulations to probe their function during behavioral tasks such as motor learning. This review focuses on a synthesis of recent findings on the computational properties that
After a brief outlook on the field of concatenative synthesis of singing, with emphasis on the differences in comparison to synthesis of speech, the present paper gives an overview of a simple system for singing synthesis in Swedish based on concatenation of diphones. The system, called Burcas, accepts as input a text file for lyrics, from which it extracts a target phoneme sequence using basic le
This article presents and discusses the case study “Scraping the surface,” aworkshop about sustainable design held for master’s students of different design majors at the FHNW Academy of Art and Design. Through marketing we, as consumers, are bombarded with products claiming to be sustainable. As a result, sustainability has become a buzz word. “Scraping the surface” highlighted the complex factor
Clinical genetic laboratories often require a comprehensive analysis of chromosomal rearrangements/structural variants (SVs), from large events like translocations and inversions to supernumerary ring/marker chromosomes and small deletions or duplications. Understanding the complexity of these events and their clinical consequences requires pinpointing breakpoint junctions and resolving the deriva
Limited knowledge of African historical inequality trajectories hampers our understanding of inequality outcomes today and leads to a major omission in debates about global inequality. Economies in colonial Africa were characterized by a process of export-oriented commercialization. We hypothesize that this process itself, the capital intensity of the commodities produced, and the relative importa
This work presents an assessment of the precipitation deficit in the São Francisco River Basin (SFRB) based on temporal, seasonal and regional analyses of two decades of precipitation data products derived from satellite missions launched since 1997. The temporal analyses were performed by means of three 3-month SPI time series, consisting of 250 values each derived from TRMM, CHIRPS and PERSIANN-
The podocyte is a specialized cell type critically involved in maintaining the selective filtration barrier of the kidney. Podocytes are primary or secondary targets for a multitude of kidney diseases. Despite intense investigation, the transcriptome and proteome of human podocytes remain incompletely characterized. Here, we analyzed publicly available RNA-Seq data from human kidneys (n = 85) to c
Excessive work among adolescents may compromise educational development. Without home appliances, household work can take over 50 h a week and an additional 30 h when an infant is present. School-aged girls are often tasked with doing laundry, which is time-consuming and inflexible without a washing machine. We determined the association between washing machine ownership and school attendance amon
Increasingly stringent pollutant and CO2 emission standards require the car manufacturers to investigate innovative solutions to further improve the fuel economy and environmental impact of their fleets. Nowadays, NOx emissions standards are stringent for spark-ignition (SI) internal combustion engines (ICEs) and many techniques are investigated to limit these emissions. Among these, an extremely
Introduction: Female surgeons remain a minority within the field of orthopaedics, particularly in certain specialties such as arthroplasty. There is no scientific evidence on whether the surgeon's sex affects the patient-reported outcome after orthopaedic surgery such as total hip arthroplasty (THA). We therefore aimed to investigate the association between surgeon sex and health-related quality o
Trials with automated mini buses (AV shuttles) are going on in many cities. According to game-theoretic reasoning, in mixed traffic normal road users will soon take advantage of the defensive driving style of the AV shuttles, and may eventually totally block their accessibility (Camara et al., 2018; Michieli & Badia, 2018; Millard-Ball, 2018). So far there are few studies on the interaction be
BACKGROUND: Global perceptions of barriers to women in orthopaedics have not been assessed. The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of international barriers to women entering and advancing within orthopaedic surgery.METHODS: An anonymous, online survey was distributed to women medical students, trainees, and practicing surgeons via Women in Orthopaedics Worldwide, the "Women in
BACKGROUND: Overactivity or contractures of the hamstring muscles in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP) can lead to either a jump gait (knee flexion associated with ankle plantar flexion) or a crouch gait (knee flexion associated with ankle dorsiflexion). Hamstring lengthening is performed to decrease stance knee flexion. However, this procedure carries the potential risk of weakening hi
The sedimentation of a suspension is a unit operation widely used in mineral processing, chemical engineering,wastewater treatment, and other industrial applications. Mathematical models that describe these processes and may be employed for simulation, design and control are usually given as nonlinear, time-dependent partial differential equations that in one space dimension include strongly degen
Time-domain maximum-likelihood (ML) estimators of time and frequency offsets are derived for three orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal models: a pulse-shaped one-shot OFDM signal, a stream of multiple OFDM signals and an OFDM signal in a dispersive channel environment. We then develop structures to simplify their implementation. Simulation results show the relative performance
