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Research Article Directly Converted Human Fibroblasts Mature to Neurons and Show Long-Term Survival in Adult Rodent Hippocampus Natalia Avaliani,1 Ulrich Pfisterer,2 Andreas Heuer,2,3 Malin Parmar,2 Merab Kokaia,1 and My Andersson1 1Epilepsy Centre, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden 2Developmental Neurobiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden 3Molecular Neuromodulation, Lund University, Lund, S
The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most widely used imaging tool helping in diagnosis and initial management of patients presenting with symptoms compatible with acute coronary syndrome. Acute ischemia affects the configuration of the QRS complexes, the ST segments and the T waves. The ECG should be read along with the clinical assessment of the patient. ST segment elevation (and ST depression in
The microphase structure of a series of polystyrene-b-polyethylene oxide-b-polystyrene (SEOS) triblock copolymers with different compositions and molecular weights has been studied by solid-state NMR, DSC, wide and small angle X-ray scattering (WAXS and SAXS). WAXS and DSC measurements were used to detect the presence of crystalline domains of polyethylene-oxide (PEO) blocks at room temperature as
This study aims to compare and validate two soil-vegetation-atmosphere-transfer (SVAT) schemes: TERRA-ML and the Community Land Model (CLM). Both SVAT schemes are run in standalone mode (decoupled from an atmospheric model) and forced with meteorological in-situ measurements obtained at several tropical African sites. Model performance is quantified by comparing simulated sensible and latent heat
In development, epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation have been suggested to provide a cellular memory to maintain multipotency but also stabilize cell fate decisions and direct lineage restriction. In this study, we set out to characterize changes in DNA methylation and gene expression during granulopoiesis using 4 distinct cell populations ranging from the oligopotent common myeloid prog
For the last years, automation is widely used to relieve humans from repetitive tasks, primarily and firstly within manufacturing. However, for products with less ideal (or hard to model) properties, and when forces depends on human interaction, automated testing has not been explored until now. This work presents the analysis of the (human-dependent) motions/forces based on a fully implemented te
Along with chronic neurotoxic effects, the long-term consumption of amphetamines has been associated to psychiatric symptoms and memory disturbances. Dendritic spine dynamics have been discussed as a possible morphological correlate. However, the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), a major drug of abuse and a main metabolite after 3,4-methylenedioxymethamp
The electrocardiogram (ECG) remains the most immediately accessible and widely used diagnostic tool for guiding emergency treatment strategies. The ECG recorded during acute myocardial ischemia is of diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic significance. In patients with myocardial ischemia as a result of decreased blood supply, the initial 12-lead ECG typically shows (1) predominant ST-segment ele
This thesis aims to reconstruct and explain variations in storm activity, humidity, vegetation composition and land cover in south-west Sweden during the past 6500 years. Two ombrotrophic bogs, Store Mosse and Undarsmosse, situated on the coastal plain of Halland, were selected for this purpose. The coastal plain of Halland is positioned in the cyclone path and is therefore particularly sensitive
We have identified a novel von Willebrand factor/fibrinogen/selectin-independent, platelet adhesion-promoting function of vascular PG-M/versicans that may be relevant in normal venous thrombosis and critical in atherosclerotic conditions. A purification scheme was devised to obtain vascular versicans, which by biochemical, immunochemical, and ultrastructural means were asserted to be 1) composed p
This thesis deals with the development of the DP (the Determiner Phrase) in bilingual first (2L1) and in adult second (L2) language acquisition of French. The thesis shows that the children and the adult Swedish learners acquire syntactic categories differently: the children follow a structural economy principle in positing as small categories as possible (Rizzi, 1998). The adult learners aim to
The insulin-degrading enzyme is responsible for the intracellular proteolysis of insulin. Its gene IDE is located on chromosome 10, in an area with suggestive linkage to type 2 diabetes and related phenotypes. Due to the impact of genetic variants of this gene in rodents and the function of its protein product, it has been proposed as a candidate gene for type 2 diabetes. Various groups have explo
Background: Functional polymorphisms of the solute carrier family 22, member 4 (SLC22A4), runt related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) and small ubiquitin- like modifier 4 (SUMO4) genes have been shown to be associated with several autoimmune diseases. Objective: To test the possible role of these variants in susceptibility to or severity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), on the basis that com
Popular Abstract in Swedish Mycken möda har under de senaste årtiondena lagts ner på forskning om försurande utsläpp och dess skadliga effekter på skogar, vattendrag och människor. Kritiska belastningsgränser, i folkmun kallat "vad naturen tål", har tagits fram och använts i europeiska förhandlingar om utsläppbegränsningar. För skogsekosystem baseras de kritiska belastningsgränserna för försurandeAcidification caused by emissions of Nitrogen and Sulphur and associated adverse effects on forest ecosystems has been an issue on the political agenda for decades. Temporal aspects of soil acidification and/or recovery can be investigated using the soil chemistry model SAFE, a dynamic version of the steady-state model PROFILE used in critical loads assessment on the national level, e.g. for Swede
Objective: To perform genetic linkage analysis in a family affected with ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Methods: The authors performed a genome-wide linkage analysis of a four-generation, 50-member Scandinavian family in which five individuals were diagnosed with ALS and nine with FTD. Linkage calculations assuming autosomal dominant inheritance of a single neurodegenerative disease manife
Popular Abstract in Swedish Många olika proteiner kan produceras med hjälp av rekombinanta DNA tekniker. Ofta sätts vektorn som kodar för det rekombinanta proteinet in i bakterien E. coli, då den är välkänd. Det är viktigt att producera mycket celler för att uppnå hög produktivitet. Detta görs genom att näringsämnet (ofta glukos) tillsätts kontinuerligt till en så kallad semisats reaktor. TillsatsThe recombinant DNA techniques have made it possible to produce many different proteins for a wide range of applications. The vector encoding for the recombinant protein is often inserted in the bacterium E. coli as it is a well studied and a well-known organism. To achieve a high productivity, it is important to reach a high cell density. This is obtained through fed-batch operation where the nut
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ett nytt EU-direktiv om uttjänta fordon har nyligen antagits. Direktivet kräver att från och med 2006 skall 85% av bilens vikt återvinnas och 95% från och med år 2015. Idag återvinns cirka 80%. Bildemonteringsindustrin har valts som studieobjekt i denna avhandling. De höjda återvinningskraven förväntas leda till att bildemonteringsindustrin genomgår omfattande rationaliA new EU directive on used vehicles has recently been introduced. It demands that for every scrapped car, at least 85% by weight must be recycled by the year 2006 and 95% by 2015. The current level is about 80%. The car disassembly industry was chosen as the study object of this thesis. Due to the increased demands on recycling, the disassembly industry may undergo comprehensive rationalizations a
Whole-lake additions of dissolved inorganic C-13 were used to measure allochthony (the terrestrial contribution of organic carbon to aquatic consumers) in two unproductive lakes (Paul and Peter Lakes in 2001), a nutrient-enriched lake (Peter Lake in 2002), and a dystrophic lake (Tuesday Lake in 2002). Three kinds of dynamic models were used to estimate allochthony: a process-rich, dual-isotope flo
