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α‐Chymotrypsin‐catalyzed acyl tranfer was studied using three acyl‐group donors (Mal‐l‐Ala‐l‐Ala‐l‐PheOMe, Bz‐l‐TyrOEt and Ac‐l‐TrpOEt; Mal, maleyl; Bz, benzoyl; OMe, methyl ester; OEt, ethyl ester) and a series of amino‐acid amides. Most of the reactions studied can be described by the simplest kinetic model without the nucleophile binding to the acyl‐enzyme. The α‐chymotrypsin‐catalyzed transfer
OBJECTIVE: To describe, explain and give practical suggestions regarding important principles and key methodological challenges in the study design, statistical analysis, and reporting of results from in vivo studies.CONCLUSIONS: Pre-specifying endpoints and analysis, recognizing the common underlying assumption of statistically independent observations, performing sample size calculations, and ad
Ecological compensation is the latest member of a growing family of concepts aimed at reducing degradation of environmental quality. This and other concepts of the family – like ecosystem services, green infrastructure, and nature-based solutions – have been subject to a range of different interpretations and subsequent implementation practices. The result is a complex governance system with uncle
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) acts via several distinct receptor types. The aim of the present study was to examine which NPY receptors are coupled to inhibition of parasympathetically-mediated contractions of the isolated guinea pig trachea. Electrical field stimulation of tracheal rings evoked a rapid twitch, which was abolished by atropine (1 microM). NPY, the structurally related hormone peptide YY (PY
The breakup of the L-chondrite parent body in the asteroid belt 466 million years (Ma) ago still delivers almost a third of all meteorites falling on Earth. Our new extraterrestrial chromite and 3He data for Ordovician sediments show that the breakup took place just at the onset of a major, eustatic sea level fall previously attributed to an Ordovician ice age. Shortly after the breakup, the flux
Abstract: In this paper we consider the effects of acceleration and deceleration on the forcing of an intermittent jet. This experimental study specifically focuses on the effect of the acceleration and deceleration on the mixing of an intermittent jet with the ambient fluid and on the growth of disturbances that may lead to turbulence. The influence of different injection strategies has been eval
The Faroe Islands hold a key position in the North Atlantic region for tephra studies due to their relative proximity to Iceland. Several tephras have been described over the last 50 years in peat and lake sediment sequences, including the type sites for the Saksunarvatn and Mjáuvøtn tephras. Here we present a comprehensive overview of Holocene tephras found on the Faroe Island. In total 23 tephra
The demographic shift is fast becoming a global challenge and an important public health concern. The proportion of people over 65 years is currently 10% around the world, but it is expected to rise to 22% by the year 2050 [1]. Populations ageing rapidly is widely seen as one of the most powerful transformative forces affecting society over the next four decades [1–4]. The ageing population is pro
Purpose City logistics projects often include urban consolidation centres (UCCs) to reduce the environmental impact of transportation by consolidating the goods flow in cities. However, there is limited knowledge about the actual environmental effects of such consolidation, e.g. in terms of number of vehicles in a city and the congestion, nuisances and emissions. The purpose of the paper is to mea
Indoor environments have a large impact on health and well-being, so it is important to understand what makes them healthy and sustainable. There is substantial knowledge on individual factors and their effects, though understanding how factors interact and what role occupants play in these interactions (both causative and receptive) is lacking. We aimed to: (i) explore interactions between factor
The aim of this paper is to present the construction of a male genetic linkage map as a result of the bovine genome mapping project, which is a common effort of the German cattle breeding federation (ADR), four animal breeding institutes, three blood group laboratories and two animal data and breeding value evaluation centres. In total 20 grandsires with 1074 sires were provided from the German ca
„White biotechnology“- the third and latest wave of biotechnology - is aiming to replace the well-established C2/C3 chemistry based on oil and gas by biological processes. The backbone of biotechnology is the conversion by fermentation which is widely established in the production of antibiotics, enzymes, bioethanol and organic acids. One of the key concepts related to “white biotechnology” are so
IntroductionIncreasing oil prices and growing environmental concerns in recent years have driven the development of renewable biofuels. Stimulated by this, the European production of bioethanol, which is produced by fermentation of sugar components in biomass, has nearly doubled in the last two years increasing from 913 million litres in 2005 to 1,565 million litres in 2006. The continuation of
BACKGROUND: Integrated health promotion improves clinical outcomes after hospital treatment. The first step towards implementing evidence-based health promotion in hospitals is to estimate the need for health promoting activities directed at hospital patients. The aim of this study was to identify the distribution and association of individual health risk factors in a Norwegian hospital population
