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In this study, the processes behind observed new particle formation (NPF) events and subsequent organic-dominated particle growth at the Pallas Atmosphere-Ecosystem Supersite in Northern Finland are explored with the one-dimensional column trajectory model ADCHEM. The modeled sub-micron particle mass is up to ∼75 % composed of SOA formed from highly oxidized multifunctional organic molecules (HOMs
In this paper, we shall be concerned with geometric functionals and excursion probabilities for some nonlinear transforms evaluated on Fourier components of spherical random fields. In particular, we consider both random spherical harmonics and their smoothed averages, which can be viewed as random wavelet coefficients in the continuous case. For such fields, we consider smoothed polynomial transf
Aims/hypothesis. Islet cell autoantibodies are a specific marker for Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Standardisation of islet cell antibodies and the uniform reporting in International units is critical to research and the development of assays for islet cell autoantibodies as diagnostics. Methods. The suitability of a candidate serum to serve as the international standard for islet
We describe a novel monoclonal antibody raised towards the N-terminus of the 65 kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65). This N-GAD65 mAb is highly specific for GAD65 and can be used in a wide range of applications such as Western blot analysis, immunoprecipitation and immunocytochemistry. Full-length cDNAs coding for N-GAD65 mAb heavy and light chains were cloned and characterized by nucle
Self-other similarity judgment asymmetry refers to the tendency of people to judge others to be more similar to themselves than they judge themselves to be similar to others. This effect can be explained with both a cognitive model (Tversky, 1977) and a motivational explanation (Codol, 1987). Recent research has provided initial evidence for the core assumption of the motivational explanation and
In the present study, the authors reevaluated the temporal course and properties of neurotrophic activities present in the fluid accumulating in the silicone-chamber model for nerve regeneration. The fluid collected from silicone chambers was tested in four different dissociated neuronal cell cultures. Furthermore, the activity of the chamber fluid was examined, using a cell blot technique. There
In the nerve regeneration silicone chamber model, the regenerate which forms across a 10-mm gap between proximal and distal nerve stumps is a monofascicular structure with an outer perineurial-like cell sheath. Recent work has provided indications that the geometry of the regenerate within a silicone chamber can be altered by experimental modifications of the chamber matrix. In the present study w
Path integration is a widespread navigational strategy in which directional changes and distance covered are continuously integrated on an outward journey, enabling a straight-line return to home. Bees use vision for this task-a celestial-cue-based visual compass and an optic-flow-based visual odometer-but the underlying neural integration mechanisms are unknown. Using intracellular electrophysiol
MAX IV and SOLARIS are two synchrotron light sources located in Lund and in Krakow, respectively. A stripline is a standard multi-purpose component that is used in many accelerators and consists of one or multiple electrodes. The currents that are induced by the Lorentz contracted fields of the electron beam at the electrodes can be used for beam diagnostics, or one can excite the electrodes in or
The objective of this study was to investigate prospective fathers' preferences for caesarean section and associated factors. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire given in mid-pregnancy to 1105 fathers-to-be in northern Sweden. In total, 6.4% of fathers preferred a caesarean section. The factors associated with a preference for caesarean section were a wish to plan the date of the baby'
Rapid DNA instruments have in recent years been developed, enabling analysis of forensic samples with a minimum of human intervention. Initially intended for fast handling of reference samples, such as samples from suspects in booking suites, attention shifted to include crime scene samples. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not the RapidHIT System (IntegenX) is fit for crime scene
We present a compact implementation of the ultrashort pulse measurement technique based on dispersion scans (d-scan), allowing single-shot measurement of few-cycle pulses. The main novelty in our design, making our setup extremely compact and simple, is the use, after a prism, of a spherical mirror in an off-axis geometry. The intentionally introduced strong astigmatism makes it possible to image
Reproducible climate reconstructions of the Common Era (1 CE to present) are key to placing industrial-era warming into the context of natural climatic variability. Here we present a community-sourced database of temperature-sensitive proxy records from the PAGES2k initiative. The database gathers 692 records from 648 locations, including all continental regions and major ocean basins. The records
Eukaryotic genomes, particularly animal genomes, have a complex, nonuniform, and nonrandom internal compositional organization. The compositional organization of animal genomes can be described as a mosaic of discrete genomic regions, called "compositional domains," each with a distinct GC content that significantly differs from those of its upstream and downstream neighboring domains. A typical a
The formation of cold gas giants similar to Jupiter and Saturn in orbit and mass is a great challenge for planetesimal-driven core accretion models because the core growth rates far from the star are low. Here we model the growth and migration of single protoplanets that accrete planetesimals and gas. We integrated the core growth rate using fits in the literature to N-body simulations, which prov
Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal genetic neurodegenerative disorder. It has mainly been considered a movement disorder with cognitive symptoms and these features have been associated with pathology of the striatum and cerebral cortex. Importantly, individuals with the mutant huntingtin gene suffer from a spectrum of non-motor features often decades before the motor disorder manifests. These sy
Ultrashort laser pulses have become an indispensable tool in physics, chemistry and engineering. Their numerous applications call for accurate and robust characterization techniques able to reliably retrieve the pulse's intensity profile. Different methods, such as FROG [1] or SPIDER [2] and their variants, have been developed in past decades and are now common in many laboratories. More novel app
