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A laser method to suppress background interferences in pump - probe measurements is presented and demonstrated. The method is based on structured illumination, where the intensity profile of the pump beam is spatially modulated to make its induced photofragment signal distinguishable from that created solely by the probe beam. A spatial lock-in algorithm is then applied on the acquired data, extra
In this article we probe the effect of democratization on the state's administrative capacity. Using time-series cross-section data, we find a curvilinear (J-shaped) relationship between the two traits. The effect of democracy on state capacity is negative at low values of democracy, nonexistent at median values, and strongly positive at high democracy levels. This is confirmed under demanding sta
Photosynthesis is a sustainable process for the conversion of light energy into chemical energy. Thylakoids in energy-transducing photosynthetic membranes are unique in biological membranes because of their distinguished structure and composition. The quantum trapping efficiency of thylakoid membranes is appealing in photobioelectrochemical research. In this study, thylakoid membranes extracted fr
Electric vehicle (EV) charging may be used in aggregation as virtual batteries to provide a frequency regulating service to the power grid. The service is sold on the Frequency Containment Reserve (FCR) markets, and is traded one and two days ahead. Forecasts of charging patterns are essential to reliably provide this ancillary service. The thesis aims to build a generalized model for forecasting
The social and environmental impact associated with consuming a product is something that is becoming increasingly important to consumers and businesses alike. This impact can in theory be computed simply by classifying a product and by mapping the classified product to the corresponding life-cycle assessments research. However, this type of mapping requires an extensive product taxonomy with a la
This Master Thesis has been written at EADS (European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company) Airbus in Bremen.The work contains a description of a few methods when linearising SystemBuild models in MATRIXx. MATRIXx is a tool for matrix manipulations (similar to Matlab) and SystemBuild is a graphical modeling environment (similar to SimuLink). The methods examined are the linearization command “lin”
The purpose of this project was to investigate fast photoneutron production from a series of materials commonly used for backing neutron beam guides. Fast neutrons were knocked out of these materials by exposing them to to high-energy photons at the Tagged-Photon Facility at MAX-lab in Lund, Sweden. Liquid scintillator detectors at different angles around the targets registered the photoknockout n
The purpose of this paper is to compare a collection of control variates for Monte Carlo-valuation of spread options on three assets with a view towards energy markets and to lay a foundation for continued research on control variates, e.g. combinations of control variates and adaption for quasi-Monte Carlo. The paper builds upon previous research on option pricing using Monte Carlo-simulation and
Under hösten presenterades en utredning, SOU 2013:62, för att komma åt de problem som Sverige har gällande förbudet mot dubbelbestraffning enligt 4 artikeln, sjunde tilläggsprotokollet Europakonventionen och artikel 50 i EU:s stadga. Detta för att EU-domstolen och Europadomstolen tidigare meddelat att Sveriges system angående skattetillägg och skattebrott inte varit förenligt med dessa bestämmelseIn the fall of 2013 a report was presented, SOU 2013:62, in order to address the problems by the Swedish legislation on the prohibition of the principle ne bis in idem under article 4, Protocol seven ECHR and Article 50 of the EU Charter. The Court and the European Court earlier announced that the Swedish system regarding tax surcharges and criminal sanctions for tax offences, not been consistent
Hur resonerar elever och lärare på musikestetiska programmet kring respons i musikundervisningen? Syftet med denna studie är att öka kunskapen om respons i musikundervisningen på estetiska programmet samt få en inblick i hur elever hittar motivation efter respons från sina lärare. Uppsatsen bygger på en kvalitativ undersökning som är formad efter intervjuer med elever och lärare på estetiska progrWhat are the thoughts and opinions of teachers and students at the arts programme regarding response in music teaching? The purpose of this study is to increase awareness about response in music education in the arts programme in Swedish upper secondary school, and to gain insight into how students find motivation after receiving response from their teachers. This essay is based on a qualitative s
Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur rytmikpedagoger ser på begreppet rytmik och på integrering av rytmik i sångundervisningen. Metoden som tillämpades var en kvalitativ intervjuundersökning där fem rytmikpedagoger, som också undervisar i sång, intervjuades. Resultatet visar bland annat att rytmikpedagogerna ser på rytmik ur två perspektiv; ett rytmikpedagogiskt och ett rytmikmetodiskt. GenoTitle: Movement of singing - A study of educators' in eurhythmics approach to the integration of eurhythmics in vocal lessons. The purpose of this study was to examine how the eurhythmics teachers look at the concept of eurhythmics and the integration of eurhythmics in vocal lessons. The chosen method was a qualitative interview study where five educators in eurhythmics, who also teach singing
The pattern separation process, where sensory input is given an individual place in memory without compromising or overwriting older memory representations, is highly sensitive to small changes in input, and as the similarity between items increases so does pattern separation demand (Clelland et al., 2009; Yassa & Stark, 2011). This experiment tested performance on a pattern separation-depende
The aim was to find out how nurses at a county hospital, came to the conclusion to bring about contact with the hospital social worker. A qualitative method was used. Unstructured interviews focused on different themes connected to the aim of the study. The questions at issue intended to shed light on what it means that the occupational field of the nurses is nursing when it comes to understanding
The main purpose of this essay was to study how the social service committee and a special management at social service has implemented the UN Convention on the Rights of the child, and particularly children’s perspective in the law of the Swedish Social Service. I have particularly concentrated on; how politicians and civil servants of social service describe the content in the UN Convention on t
The aim of the study was to examine how Registered Nurses perceive ethical problems within healthcare and enlighten the ongoing discussions concerning them. Five Registered Nurses at a surgical ward were interviewed in order to perform an empirical study. A literature review was also done where five articles were analysed. The findings show that the patients autonomy, personal sphere and rights, s
