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We can more and more often hear in the media about multinational corporations conducting human rights abuses. This is due to the fact that this discussion, surrounding corporations and human rights, is a hot item on the agenda today. Higher demands are put on the companies to follow human rights and to take more responsibilities in the promotion and protection of human rights. One of the reasons f
Under början av 1900-talet införde alla nordiska länder, förutom Norge, en möjlighet för frihetsberövade kvinnor att medföra sitt spädbarn i anstalten under straffverkställigheten. Regleringarna grundades på arvsbiologiska aspekter, då det var vanligt att de små barnen fortfarande ammades av sina mödrar och de var beroende av modersmjölken för att överleva. Med tiden har dock regleringarnas syfte In the beginning of the 20th century all Nordic countries except Norway introduced a possibility for imprisoned women to bring their infants with them during their sentence. The legislation was considered necessary due to the fact that the infant still was breast-fed by their mother. Child psychologist and psychoanalysist John Bowlby (from Great Britain) developed the affiliation theory during th
Abstract The increased focus on social capital theory has made its way into labour economics. This has led to the creation of a vast literature about the use of networks and informal search methods in the labour-market, a literature that to some extent also deals with immigrants search behaviour and their relatively high unemployment rate. Characteristic for the literature in the area is the lack
Europeiska unionen (EU) är en internationell organisation bestående av 28 medlemsstater. Ett av EU:s främsta mål är att främja fri rörlighet för EU-medborgare. När personer väljer att flytta över medlemsstaternas gränser kan olika situationer uppstå. Personer kan exempelvis gifta sig och skaffa barn med någon från en annan medlemsstat. Den materiella familjerätten inom EU är emellertid inte harmonThe European Union (EU) is an international organisation with 28 Member States. One of the main goals of the EU is to facilitate the freedom of movement for EU citizens. Furthermore, when people decide to move across the Member States different situations can occur, such as people getting married or people having children with someone from another Member State. The substantive family law within th
Betsafe is still a young company that have seen a great success in a short span of time. To remain successful it is therefore important that they don’t become complacent and remain visionary. However, a successful company must also balance its risk‐taking. In the end it is vital to find the right opportunities that fits the company and of course to be able to make the right decisions. In this proj
A risk evaluation with regards to fire safety has been performed at Torpa Stenhus. The focus of the evaluation was the safety of the people inside the building in case of a fire. As part of the education for future fire protection engineers at LTH a risk evaluation report is performed in the course Brandteknisk riskvärdering (VBR054). Torpa Stenhus was built during the 15th century and is located
Climate change places pressure on rural land in terms of carbon sequestration, biomass for substitution and adaptation of crops. Land use can both positively and negatively influence the runoff regime, therefor a catchment perspective is important when developing climate strategies. This is also important with respect to flood-risk that will increase with climate change. Here I investigate if ther
Geofysiska mätmetoder kan tids- och kostnadseffektivt skapa tvådimensionella (2D) och tredimensionella (3D) modeller som avspeglar geologin och som kan användas som ett verktyg för kartläggning av grundvattentillgångar. I denna studie har fyra profiler belägna i den s.k. Vombsänkan i sydöstra Skåne undersökts med galvanisk resistivitetsmätning (ERT) och Transient Elektronmagnetisk Sondering (TEM)Geophysical methods can create 2D- and 3D-models that reflects the geology. These models can be used as a tool for mapping groundwater resources. Four profiles, located in Vombsänkan in southeastern Skåne, have been investigated with Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and ground-based Transient Electromagnetic Soundings (TEM) as a study of the two methods. The resistivity profiles from the g
Internationella skiljeförfaranden blir allt vanligare i den globala ekonomin. De sker ofta i neutral jurisdiktion där ingen av parterna, till synes, gynnas av vald jurisdiktions lagar. Skiljeförfaranden anses ofta som en av de bättre tvistelösningsformerna då de är effektiva, förutsebara och parterna får själva utforma förfarandena. Det är speciellt fördelaktigt om de rättsliga relationerna mellan
Fjärrvärme är en teknologi som har stor potential att bidra till att möjliggöra ett fossilfritt samhälle. För att uppnå denna potential, finns det dock en del förbättringar som måste göras för att förbättra fjärrvärmeverksamheten i stort, minska förlusterna från systemen och därmed öka konkurrenskraften hos fjärrvärme som teknologi. Ett flertal studier har visat att ett sätt att göra detta, och däDistrict Heating is a technology with the potential to enable a fossil-free society. However, to realize this potential, some improvements need to be made in order to improve District Heating operation at large, decrease losses in the systems, and thus increase the competitiveness of District Heating as a technology. Several have shown that a possible solution, to increase the efficiency of Distri
Aktiebolaget är en mycket framgångsrik företagsform för storskaliga och riskfyllda projekt. En egenskap som anses betydelsefull för denna egenskap är aktiebolagets vinstsyfte. Idag finns aktiebolag som ekonomiskt och i fråga om politiskt inflytane kan mäta sig med stater. Detta innebär att de kan ha stor påveran exempelvis på människors tillgång till mänskliga rättigheter. I denna kontext uppmanasThe limited liability company is a form of business associaton that has advantages that makes it attractive for large and risky business entreprises. One characteristic that is viewed as importand for this quality is that the business purpose is increased shareholder value. Today, limited liability companies exists that rival nation states on scale and political impact. As a consequence they can a
Abstract Toxic cyanobacterial blooms can form in both freshwater and marine environments, which could threaten the health of human beings and animals. The genera that are known for causing the scums in freshwater are Anabaena, Microcystis, Cylindrospermopsis and Planktothrix. In order to control lake water quality and minimize the potential health risk associated with the cyanobacterial blooms, th
Ten per cent of the population in the western world suffer from osteoarthritis – a widespread endemic disease that is estimated to cost the Swedish society equivalent to two per cent of the Swedish GNP annually, corresponding to over 50 billion SEK in 2009 in treatments and lost productivity. With an increasing aging population the incidence of osteoarthritis is expected to be further enhanced. In
The upcoming ESA space astrometry mission Gaia, planned to be launched in early 2012, has been designed to scan the whole sky (flux limited, corresponding to magnitude 20 in the Gaia passband) during a five-year observational phase. It will measure the astrometric parameters (positions, parallaxes and proper motions) of more than one billion stars, complemented by multi-epoch spectrometric and rad
The purpose of the thesis is to study whether any special professional norms exist with regard to principals’ leadership of the democratic mission which is presented to the schools. The aim is to identify norms in order to be able to later analyse and understand them. Norms exist in groups of various types, and by using the term “norm” I am addressing the actions of principals, rather than their i
Since IPCC AR4 in 2007, climate science has made continual progress for more than three years. This is reflected both in the number of new scientific papers, but also in the development of the research agenda. By and large, the physical climate science as assessed by IPCC Working Group I in AR4 appears robust in the light of more recent research. The knowledge base is of course continuously develo
This thesis describes growth, processing, characterization and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy of nanowire heterostructures. The nanowires were made of III-V semiconductor materials and were produced by Au-particle assisted growth. Axial heterostructures in the form of quantum dots (QDs) in the nanowires as well as radial heterostructures in the form of core-shell nanowires were studied. Axial
Popular Abstract in Swedish Resultaten som presenteras i denna doktorsavhandling visar att det går att spara stora mängder energi genom att använda samma typ av värmeväxlare, som normalt används i bilar och lastbilar, i livsmedelsbutikernas kyldiskar. För att hålla maten kall när den ligger ute i butiken cirkuleras en kyld luftström runt i kyldiskarna. Denna kyls i en så kallad värmeväxlare som Provisions are stored and displayed in supermarkets and grocery stores, at a temperature lower than the ambient, in display cabinets, which are responsible for a significant amount of the energy use in this sector. During the 1990s, major changes in the regulations governing the use of synthetic refrigerants took place in Sweden. This resulted in many refrigeration systems being converted to syste
Popular Abstract in English Over thirty years of experience shows that energy efficiency is the easiest, fastest, and cheapest strategy to reduce today’s rampant energy use. To enhance energy efficiency, governmental intervention and business strategies are needed. The question of which governmental policies are the most effective to support energy efficiency remains unanswered. Policy learning anExperience shows that energy efficiency improvements are the most cost-effective path to meeting global energy challenges. To promote energy efficiency, various policy instruments have been in place since the 1970s. Nevertheless, energy efficiency improvements still lag behind their potential in the building sector, which indicates that there is a lack of knowledge about the performance of policie
One of the most important factors governing durability of concrete structures is reinforcement corrosion, and to prevent degradation associated with it, it is desirable to use large concrete covers. However, if the concrete cover is increased, the majority of design methods will predict that the crack widths at the concrete surface increase significantly. This can be contradictory, since the same
