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Expression of transcription factor ATF3 in sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglion and in Schwann cells in sciatic nerve of diabetic (BB and Goto-Kakizaki rats; experimental models of types 1 and 2 diabetes, respectively) and healthy rats were examined by immunocytochemistry after nerve compression (silicone tube) for 3, 6 or 14 days. ATF3-stained sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia and Schwann

A chain is no stronger than its weakest link is an old idiom that holds true for muscle biology. As the name implies, skeletal muscle's main function is to move the bones. However, for a muscle to transmit force and withstand the stress that contractions give rise to, it relies on a chain of proteins attaching the cytoskeleton of the muscle fiber to the surrounding extracellular matrix. The import

The knowledge of the Pd II spectrum and term system has been extended by means of observations with Fourier transform and high dispersion photographic instruments in the infrared (8100 - 40000 Angstrom) and ultraviolet (1040 - 3100 Angstrom) regions. 320 lines have been classified and measured with high accuracy (+/-0.05-0.003 cm(-1) in the infrared, +/-0.002-0.0005 Angstrom in the ultraviolet). T

In this paper, we take moral agency to be that context in which a particular agent can, appropriately, be held responsible for her actions and their consequences. In order to understand moral agency, we will discuss what it would take for an artifact to be a moral agent. For reasons that will become clear over the course of the paper, we take the artifactual question to be a useful way into discus

Neurons in the hippocampus exhibit subpopulations of dendritic spines that contain endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ER in spines is important for synaptic activity and its associated Ca(2+) signaling. The dynamic distribution of ER to spines is regulated by diacylglycerol and partly mediated by protein kinase C, metalloproteinases and γ-secretase. In this study, we explored whether pharmacological acti

Particle filter methods constitute a class of iterative genetic-type algorithms which provide powerful tools for obtaining approximate solutions to non-linear and/or non-Gaussian filtering problems. The aim of this paper is to, using standard tools from probability theory, study the bias of Monte Carlo integration estimates obtained by the bootstrap particle filter. A bound on this bias, which is

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy is a type of molecular radiotherapy that has been used in the treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumours for over two decades. It is not until recently, however, that it has achieved regulatory approval. The currently approved treatment regimen is a one-size-fits-all scheme, i.e. all patients receive a fixed activity of the radiopharmaceutical (177Lu-DO

Thermal machines perform useful tasks, such as producing work, cooling, or heating by exchanging energy, and possibly additional conserved quantities such as particles, with reservoirs. Here we consider thermal machines that perform more than one useful task simultaneously, terming these hybrid thermal machines. We outline their restrictions imposed by the laws of thermodynamics and we quantify th

Early detection of AF is essential and emphasizes the significance of AF screening. However, AF detection in screening ECGs, usually recorded by handheld and portable devices, is limited because of their high susceptibility to noise. In this study, the feasibility of applying a machine learning-based quality control stage, inserted between the QRS detector and AF detector blocks, is investigated w

C-, Ku- and Ka-band communications and broadcast satellites use so-called dual-gridded reflector antennas for linear polarisation to provide independent reflector surfaces and/or independent feeds for the two orthogonal polarisations. This paper describes initial work to extend this concept to circular polarisation. First we set up preliminary specifications and identify several antenna concepts b

Postpartum hemorrhage is responsible for one fourth of the maternal mortality worldwide. In high resource countries there is an increasing trend in frequency of postpartum hemorrhage and need of blood transfusions. The reason for this increase is probably multifactorial. Major bleeding requires massive blood transfusion (MT), defined as transfusion of >10 units of erythrocytes within 24 hours. In

Internal Y-shaped bifurcation has been proved to be an advantageous way on improvingthermal performance of microchannel heat sinks according to the previous research. Metal foams are known due to their predominate performance such as low-density, largesurface area, and high thermal conductivity. In this paper, different parameters of metalfoams in Y-shaped bifurcation microchannel heat sinks are d

Spallation sources create a large amount of neutrons with energies up to the GeV range. To shield for these neutrons, steel and concrete are important materials. By adding different aggregates to normal concrete, one can improve the shielding effect of the concrete. Some of these aggregates can influence the rate of hydration (reaction) of the cement or even completely inhibit the hydration. It is