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Using population reconstructions from linked civil certificates for the province of Zeeland, the Netherlands, for the period 1812–1913, I study the social gradient in maternal mortality. Maternal mortality is defined as deaths in the first 42 days after the birth of a child. Among the women — mother to at least one child and followed between age 20 and 45 — maternal mortality constitutes about one
We study the electronic structure of bulk 1T-TaSe_{2} in the charge-density wave phase at low temperature. Our spatially and angle-resolved photoemission data show insulating areas coexisting with metallic regions characterized by a chiral Fermi surface and moderately correlated quasiparticle bands. Additionally, high-resolution laser angle-resolved photoemission reveals variations in the metallic
A general formulation for the distribution problem is presented, which is applicable to frequency distributions of subgrid-scale variables and hydrometeor size distributions, as well as to probability distributions characterizing data uncertainties. The general formulation is presented based upon two well-known basic principles: the maximum-entropy principle and the Liouville equation. The maximum
The aim of this special issue of JEMS is to explore the inherent contradictions and tensions of transnational engagement and reveal how these are played out at different levels, intersecting with other social markers based on gender, class, ethnicity, etc. While transnational engagements span territories and transcend spatial fixation, they might also provide stabilised identities for those involv
It is essential that the design of atomizing sprays be tailored to the specific requirements of various industrial processes within, e.g., the agricultural or energy sector. However, the measurement of key atomizer parameters—central to the optimization of such systems—suffers from time-intensive techniques, complex calibration routines, and/or the need to include additives in the injected liquid.
Symmetric informationally complete measurements are both important building blocks in many quantum information protocols and the seminal example of a generalized, non-orthogonal, and quantum measurement. In higher-dimensional systems, these measurements become both increasingly interesting and increasingly complex to implement. Here, we demonstrate an integrated quantum photonic platform, operatin
Philanthropy for gender causes is recognised as a rising yet understudied phenomenon, especially in the field of social policy. This chapter provides an overview of key interdisciplinary feminist debates on the philanthropic turn to gender equality and women's empowerment. It also presents significant trends, including funding flows towards SDG5, key actors, and geographical areas of investment, a
The electrification of long-haul freight transport is essential for reducing emissions and achieving sustainable mobility. However, battery-electric trucks (BETs) face significant barriers, including limited range, high battery weight, and prolonged charging times, which hinder their widespread adoption for long-distance travel. Electric Road Systems (ERS) offer a compelling solution by providing
We update the HOMER method, a technique to solve a restricted version of the inverse problem of hadronization – extracting the Lund string fragmentation function f (z) from data using only observable information. Here, we demonstrate its utility by extracting f (z) from synthetic PYTHIA simulations using high-level observables constructed on an event-by-event basis, such as multiplicities and shap
Humans and biotas are exposed to a cocktail of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), but mixture regulation is lagging behind. This is largely attributed to inadequate experimental data of mixture risk; revealing intricate interactions among CECs in mixtures with random combinations remains a formidable challenge. Here, we propose a new framework comprised of 5,720 lab tests of mixture risk for
Japanese citizens of all socioeconomic statuses have benefited from the national insurance system by receiving high-quality healthcare. However, the Japanese healthcare service is facing a severe financial crisis because of the increasing aging society and social security expenses. Many consultations raise medical expenditure and doctors' work overload, which is about to be regulated, but is quest
Graphene presents unique optoelectronic properties, making it attractive for the development of a wide range of new and advanced technological applications such as high-speed photodetectors and all-optical modulators. The study and control of the generated carriers in graphene, namely their ultrafast relaxation dynamics, are of great importance for these applications. Here, we report the ultrafast
