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Wave packet interferometry with vacuum ultraviolet light has been used to probe a complex region of the electronic spectrum of molecular nitrogen, N2. Wave packets of Rydberg and valence states were excited by using double pulses of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV), free-electron-laser (FEL) light. These wave packets were composed of contributions from multiple electronic states with a moderate principal

Using Euryale ferox husk as raw material, pristine biochar (EBC), Bi2MoO6-modified biochar (BM-EBC), and BiFeO3-modified biochar (BF-EBC) were prepared and employed for decontaminating Congo red (CR) from wastewater. Compared with EBC (217.59 mg/g) and BF-EBC (359.49 mg/g), a superior adsorption capacity of 460.77 mg/g was achieved by BM-EBC. Based on the evaluation results of the Freundlich and p

AimTo investigate the incidence rate of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among febrile infants aged ≤60 days before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study in 2 Swedish paediatric emergency departments between 2014 and 2022. We included full-term infants aged ≤60 days with fever without source. We calculated the annual incidence rate of UTI per 1000 births

The wide range of properties, relative ease and low cost of using Deep Eutectic Solvents garners them interest in an ever expanding range of applications. Among common DES components many are naturally occurring chiral molecules. Here we present the liquid structure of either single enantiomeric or racemic tartaric acid with choline chloride at a molar ratio of 2 choline chloride to 1 tartaric aci

Conservation and consistency are fundamental properties of discretizations of conservation laws, necessary to ensure physically meaningful solutions. In the context of systems of nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws, conservation and consistency additionally play an important role in convergence theory via the Lax-Wendroff theorem. Here, these concepts are extended to the realm of iterative meth

This paper constructs annual GDP estimates for Ireland (1924-47) to join the first complete official aggregates. The new series is deployed to revisit Ireland’s economic performance in the post-independence decades. Ireland’s economy grew at 1.5 per cent per annum and average living standards improved by 40 per cent. The bulk of this growth was due to labour productivity improvements. Starting in

The extraction of natural resources, such as minerals, oil, and gas, can have profound economic effects. The application of economic analysis methods in impact studies of resource extraction projects holds potential to inform decision-making in order to optimise gains and minimise negative externalities. This paper aims to identify and characterise peer-reviewed publications that report on economi

Epitaxial TiN/NbN(001) superiattice thin films with periods A between 0 (alloy) and 9.6 nm have been grown by ultrahigh vacuum reactive magnetron sputter deposition on MgO(OOl) substrates in mixed Ar/N2 discharges. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy was used for characterizing layer and defect structure. Coherency strain relaxation close to the film/substrate interface resulted in no

Many Fusarium species cause serious diseases for cereal cultivation. These include Fusarium head blight and crown rot on wheat and bakanae disease on rice. These represent a major concern both in terms of food security and food safety. The latter is connected with the risk of mycotoxin contamination of grains. Biological control has proven its potential for controlling head blight and crown rot di

Turbulent drop breakup is of large importance for applications such as food and pharmaceutical processing, as well as of substantial fundamental scientific interest. Emulsification typically takes place in the presence of surface-active emulsifiers (natural occurring and/or added). Under equilibrium conditions, these lower the interfacial tension, enabling deformation and breakup. However, turbule

Through developmental plasticity, an individual organism integrates influences from its immediate environment with those due to the environment of its parents. While both effects on phenotypes are well documented, their relative impact has been little studied in natural systems, especially at the level of gene expression. We examined this issue in four genotypes of the annual plant Persicaria macu

Pure and hydrated deep eutectic solvents (DES) are proposed to form self-assembled nanostructures within the fluid bulk, similar to the bicontinuous L3 phase common for ionic liquids (ILs). Labelled choline chloride : urea : water DES were measured using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), showing no long-range nanostructure. However, solutions of the surfactant AOT in this DES yielded scatteri