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Protein denaturation and aggregation resulting from the effects of interfacial stress that can be enhanced by flow and shear stress pose significant challenges in the production of therapeutic proteins such as monoclonal antibodies. The influence of flow on protein stability is closely intertwined with interfacial effects. In this study, we have developed a microfluidic device capable of exposing

We investigated the sequential protein expression in gingival crevicular fluid samples during the induction (I) and resolution (R) of experimental gingivitis. Periodontally and systemically healthy volunteers (n = 20) participated in a three-week experimental gingivitis protocol, followed by debridement and two weeks of regular plaque control. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected

The rhinarium, a specialized nose-tip characterized by an area of naked and wet skin around the nostrils, is a typical mammalian structure. The type and amount of innervation suggests a sensory role and morphological diversity implies so far unidentified species-specific functional specializations. Rhinaria also vary in temperature and this may be related to the functions of these sensory organs.

Antigen-specific T cells acquire a distinctive phenotype during activation, with characteristic acquisition of surface markers and patterns of gene expression. Early after antigen stimulation, CD4+ T lymphocytes increase their surface density of the CD4 marker, a trait which has been used to identify antigen-activated cells. The recent development of MHC tetramer technologies has greatly improved

Recent clinical trials have pioneered the successful use of a nonsteroidal immunosuppressive regimen and established a basis for application in a routine clinical setting. In this study, a single islet transplant was not sufficient to regulate blood glucose levels, and a second transplant became necessary. A similar observation was made in our macaque islet transplant study, where animals after th

Mass-spectrometry-based methods for relative proteome quantification have broadly affected life science research. However, important research directions, particularly those involving mathematical modelling and simulation of biological processes, also critically depend on absolutely quantitative data--that is, knowledge of the concentration of the expressed proteins as a function of cellular state.

Underground infrastructure such as buried district heating pipes are difficult to inspect. The methods available to assess the status of the district heating pipes are often both expensive and do not provide enough evidence to determine the condition of the pipelines. This paper discusses how utilities systematically can work with risk assessments and risk classification to plan the maintenance an

A pocket cavity is generated at the connection of two parts, such as the transition part between the low pressure turbine (LPT) and outlet guide vane (OGV) in a gas turbine engine. A bluff body, working as a heat transfer enhancement part or supporting strength part, has tremendous engineering applications in turbomachinery. In the present work, the effect of the pocket on the heat transfer of end

Bacterial taxonomic community analyses using PCR-amplification of the 16S rRNA gene and high-throughput sequencing has become a cornerstone in microbiology research. To reliably detect the members, or operational taxonomic units (OTUs), that make up bacterial communities, taxonomic surveys rely on the use of the most informative PCR primers to amplify the broad range of phylotypes present in up-to

Environmental factors and genetic incompatibilities between parents have been suggested as important determinants for embryonic mortality and survival. The genetic set-up of the immune system, specifically the highly polymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) may also influence individual resistance to infections. MHC proteins are important for an appropriate adaptive immune response and e

Genome-wide association studies have identified >50 common variants associated with kidney function, but these variants do not fully explain the variation in eGFR. We performed a two-stage meta-analysis of associations between genotypes from the Illumina exome array and eGFR on the basis of serum creatinine (eGFRcrea) among participants of European ancestry from the CKDGen Consortium (nStage1: 111

High blood glucose triggers the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells, but if chronic, causes cellular stress, partly due to impaired Ca2+ homeostasis. Ca2+ influx is controlled by voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV) and high density of CaV in the plasma membrane could lead to Ca2+ overload. Trafficking of the pore-forming CaVα1 subunit to the plasma membrane is regulated by auxiliary sub

18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)–positron emission tomography (PET) and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with background signal suppression (DWIBS) are 2 powerful functional imaging modalities in the evaluation of malignant plasma cell (PC) disease multiple myeloma (MM). Preliminary observations have suggested that MM patients with extensive disease according to DWIBS may be reported as