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Complex product form generation methods have rarely been used within the field of industrial design. The difficulty in their use is mainly linked to constraints – such as functionality, production and cost – that apply to most products. By cou-pling a mathematically described morphology to an optimisation system, it may be possible to generate a complex product form, compliant with engineering and

This paper establishes reserve price as an ethical necessity contrary to its popular interpretation as an instrument of revenue maximization. It provides an axiomatic justification to reserve pricing at Vickrey auction in single as well as multiple objects settings. In particular, it provides a topological interpretation of a reserve price as the infimum of the set of non-negative real numbers sat

Popular Abstract in Swedish Biokemi, livets kemi, är den gren av naturvetenskapen som avhandlar de molekyler och kemiska processer som är nödvändiga för allt levandes existens. Genom att karakterisera livets molekyler och deras funktion vill man öka förståelsen kring vad som krävs för att en organism ska kunna leva, växa, fortplanta sig och anpassa sej till nya miljöer och förhållanden. Som biokemAquaporins constitute a class of membrane proteins that create pores through the lipid bilayer of biological membranes, facilitating the passage of water and other small solutes. Nearly all living organisms possess a more or less intricate set up of aquaporin proteins and the importance of these channels has been implicated in many aspects of health and disease. The aim of the projects summarized

Genetic and phenotypic variation in female response towards male mating attempts has been found in several laboratory studies, demonstrating sexually antagonistic co-evolution driven by mating costs on female fitness. Theoretical models suggest that the type and degree of genetic variation in female resistance could affect the evolutionary outcome of sexually antagonistic mating interactions, resu

Eco-labelling is a voluntary and informative policy instrument aiming at stimulating environmentally beneficial product development through using the market forces. The Nordic Swan eco-labelling scheme has been in operation since 1989. The research presented in this thesis concentrates on the kinds of influences, effects and changes caused by the Nordic scheme. The direct effects regard environmen

Certain things, like justice, have impersonal value, other things, like your children, carry personal values: they have value for you. Besides whatever value, period, they have, they are valuable to you. The philosophical as well as non-philosophical literature is inundated with suggestions about the kinds of thing that are good-for us or, if it is a negative personal value, what is bad-for us. Fo

Popular Abstract in Swedish Fysiologisk integrering och morfologisk plasiticitet i stora klonala växter Många av våra vanligaste växter är klonala, dvs de kan producera avkommor utan sexuell befruktning. Hit räknas blåbär och lingon, många av våra vårväxter som tex. vitsippa och flera av våra värsta ogräs, som kvickrot och kirskål. En fördel som klonala växter har är att dotterskott som fortsätteClonal plants show a large variation in physiological integration, i.e. the translocation of resources among ramets within the clone. As resource transport is costly, we hypothesized that plants from poor sites should be more highly integrated than plants from rich sites and that plants would benefit if they were plastic in their degree of integration. Tracers were used to study the transport of w

Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med avhandlingen var att analysera värdet av bilder i ett antal kognitiva uppgifter som framförallt är av verbal natur. Avhandlingen omfattar tre studier, med vardera tre experiment. I den första studien visades automatiskt inflytande från bilder (ansiktsuttryck) på en affektiv bedömning av ord som positiva eller negativa. I den integrerade presentationen av ord

We introduce a common framework for the definition and operations on the different multiple view tensors. The novelty of the proposed formulation is to not fix any parameters of the camera matrices, but instead let a group act on them and look at the different orbits. In this setting the multiple view geometry can be viewed as a four-dimensional linear manifold in ℛ3m, where m denotes the

Carotenoids are one of the most widespread and important group of pigments in Nature and they can act as light-harvesting agents, photoprotectors and antioxidants. Mechanisms of their multiple functions are not fully understood mainly because their complicated photophysics involving ?dark? excited states. The central theme of this thesis is characterization of the lowest dark S1 state of carotenoi

We have examined concurrent and prospective validity of an index of self-reported walking (RW) of 307 home-dwelling women aged 75 years and above, of whom 155 in 1 year had in all 308 falls of which 13% resulting in fractures. It consists of five items concerning various aspects of self-reported walking identified by factor analysis. The sum score on this ''RW-index'' correlated moderately ( r = 0

Isaac Levi is more interested in inquiry and how it progresses than he is in metaphysics. Questions concerning the role of disposition predicates in inquiry are more central to him than those concerning the nature and reality of dispositions. It has not stopped him from giving me and others very useful metaphysical advice. Currently, where empirical metaphysics is in vogue, there is every reason t

As the identification process is based on the unique patterns of the users, biometrics technologies are expected to provide highly secure authentication systems. The existing systems using fingerprints or retina patterns are, however, very vulnerable. One’s fingerprints are accessible as soon as the person touches a surface, while a high resolution camera easily captures the retina pattern. Thus,

Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling presenteras tre studier som fokuserar på human serviceorganisationer, klientarbete, arbetstillfredsställelse och arbetsmiljö. Det övergripande syftet med denna avhandling var att med särskilt fokus på grad av direkt klientarbete och tillfredsställelse i arbetet undersöka arbetssituationen i olika typer av human serviceorganisationer. I den första stuIn this thesis, three empirical studies investigating human service organizations pertaining to client work, work satisfaction, and the work environment are presented. The general aim of this thesis was to investigate working conditions in human service organizations with particular consideration and emphasis on the extent of human service workers´ client work and their perceived level of job sati

This study is aimed at investigating and describing the different procedures of foreign language learners of Italian when they infer the meaning of unknown words in a written authentic text. Vocabulary is a crucial component in the learning process of a foreign language and many studies show that lexical inferencing is one of the most important strategies when foreign language learners encounter u

Mid-infrared polarization spectroscopy (IRPS) was applied to detect HCl in flames. For the first time, sensitive and nonin trusive HCl detection with a manner of high spatial- and temporal-resolution in harsh reactive gas flow has been demonstrated in this work. In an atmospheric pressure premixed CH4/O-2/Ar flat flame, trace level HCl was prepared by seeding small amount chloroform through the Ar

This work concerns two-dimensional numerical simulations of the flow and temperature fields inside smooth and ribbed bend (turn) parts of a U-duct with relevance for internal tip cooling of gas turbine blades. The ribs are placed internally on the outermost bend surface. The renormalization group (RNG) k-epsilon turbulence model was used to solve the momentum and energy equations inside the bend (

As part of systematic endeavor to Islamize the society, Iranian Islamic government has bestowed efforts to create gender-segregated public urban spaces. The gender segregation was formally enforced in public places such as schools, sport halls, swimming pools, transportation facilities, etc. in last three decades. The most recent effort of the government includes “women-only parks”, claimed to be