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PCB sprids från byggnaders fogmassor till mark genom en rad olika processer Polyklorerade bifenyler (PCB) har bland annat använts för att mjuka upp fogmassa, vilket är ett tätningsmaterial för byggnader. Vetskapen om dess negativa påverkan på oss och vår miljö ledde slutligen till ett förbud under 1970-talet, men skadan var tyvärr redan skedd, PCB från dessa fogmassor har på olika sätt spridits, The use of PCB has been forbidden since the seventies, but due to the persistence of this organic pollutant it is still found in air, soil and ecosystems. Building sealants is one important source of PCB in the society, and through the survey "PCB in sealants–Big or Small Problem?" conducted by the Swedish environmental protection agency 1997, it was revealed that PCB in building sealant

Syfte: Studiens syfte är att utöka och fördjupa förståelsen kring hur företags varumärkeskapital och dess varumärkesassociationer påverkar hur konsumenter reagerar på och bedömer ett företag vid en produktåterkallning. Metod: En kvalitativ studie med hermeneutiskt-fenomenologiskt förhållningssätt har genomförts. Studien kan ses som abduktivt med ett växelspel mellan induktion och deduktion. En teoPurpose: The purpose of this study is to expand and deepen the knowledge of how companies Brand equity and Brand associations influence customer reactions on product recalls. Methodology: A qualitative study with hermeneutic-phenomenological approach has been implemented. The study can be viewed as abductive with interplay between induction and deduction. A theoretical framework has been designed

Background: The use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) is associated with an increased risk of pneumonia in patients with COPD. However the risks of other respiratory infections such as TB and influenza remain unclear. Methods: Through a comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE EMBASE CINAHL Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to July 2013 we identified randomized controlled tr

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen handlar om vetenskaplig osäkerhet i policyprocessen, det vill säga när vetenskaplig kunskap om en fråga saknas eller den existerande kunskapen är osäker. Studiens huvudsyfte är att förstå om och hur vetenskaplig osäkerhet påverkar policyprocessen. För att undersöka detta har utvecklingen av den svenska klimatpolitiken från 1975 fram till 2007 studerats. MatThe dissertation is about scientific uncertainty in the policy process, that is when scientific knowledge about an issue is lacking or the existing knowledge is uncertain. The aim of the study is to understand if and how scientific uncertainty affects the policy process. For that purpose, the development of climate change policy in Sweden is studied, from 1975 until 2007. The material studied cons

Directive 2008/96/EC on road infrastructure safety management requires the establishment and implementation of procedures relating to road safety impact assessments (RSIA), road safety audits (RSA), ranking of high accident concentration sections and network safety ranking (NSR) and road safety inspections (RSI). The aim of this article is to present the outputs of BALTRIS project. The goal of the

The objective of this study was to evaluate the current utilization, the level of endorsement by professional societies, and health technology assessment bodies, as well as the reimbursement levels for bariatric surgery in European countries. We performed an analysis of the indications for bariatric surgery based on national clinical and commissioning guidelines, current utilization of surgery, ch

Downsizing is a phenomenon that remarkably seldom has been the subject of historical inquiry. This study investigates how a state-owned enterprise, the Swedish Tobacco Monopoly, reduced its labour inputs because of changed consumer preferences and mechanization in the 1920s and 1930s. By combining qualitative and quantitative evidence, the study addresses questions about the ways of achieving redu

Several studies have found protective effects of low/moderate (hereafter 'light') alcohol consumption compared with 'abstinence' on mortality, health and wage. Some of these studies have been criticised because former drinkers have been included among the abstainers, which may overstate the protective effect of light alcohol consumption. It has also been proposed, but not shown, that the commonly

On 23rd November 2009, during the early commissioning of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), two counter-rotating proton bunches were circulated for the first time concurrently in the machine, at the LHC injection energy of 450 GeV per beam. Although the proton intensity was very low, with only one pilot bunch per beam, and no systematic attempt was made to optimize the collision optics, all LHC

This paper introduces the possibility of increasing the efficiency and minimizing the risk in functions marketing in the aircraft industry by focusing on better control of the logistic parameters. Functions marketing can be described as the marketing of a function rather than a product. The emphasis in this paper will be on the maintenance, i.e. repair and overhaul, of aircraft engines. Functions

The European Union’s sugar policy is one of the most distorting policies within the common agricultural policy. It includes import control, production quota, and export refunds to support producer price within the EU at levels high above international prices. The main beneficiaries of the support system are the EU sugar industries and EU beet growers, but they are not the only producers benefiting

The increasing demand for solid biofuels, such as primary forest fuels, has highlighted the importance to consider that they, in contrast to fossil fuels are produced in dynamic ecosystems. Environmental effects of changes in ecosystem management policies, positive and negative, are not obvious. To that end, calculations of carbon budgets in single forest stands show that the carbon balance dramat

Renal osteodystrophy alters metabolic activity and remodeling rate of bone and also may lead to different bone composition. The objective of this study was to characterize the composition of bone in high‐turnover renal osteodystrophy patients by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging (FTIRI). Iliac crest biopsies from healthy bone (n = 11) and patients with renal osteodystrophy

The main purpose of this dissertation is to describe how terminally ill patients experienced their situation, and what their views about the future were. Further, the experiences and attitudes of relatives of such patients, and of health care professionals, were also central. Focus was on existential issues, such as autonomy, meaning, guilt, relations, dignity, and communication. In the first pape

Popular Abstract in Swedish Malmö erbjuder speciellt goda möjligheter till epidemiologiska studier, därför att all sjukhusbunden vård erbjuds av ett enda sjukhus som dessutom i stort sett endast täcker Malmös egna behov. Därtill kommer att nu avlidne professor Folke Linell redan under 1950-talet insåg den stora betydelsen för sjukvårdens kvalitet av en omfattande obduktionsverksamhet. Under periodIn the present thesis incidence, survival, mortality, cure and prognosis in invasive breast cancer in Malmö was studied over a 30 year period. Validated data from the Cancer Registry and the Cause of Death Registry were used. In the process of validation systematical biases were identified in both registers. The incidence increased over time and was strongly related to increases in diagnostic acti