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An increase in hip fracture incidence during the recent half-century has been reported worldwide and has been predicted to continue. Recent publications, however, have reported stable or even decreasing hip fracture incidence. No reports evaluate whether these changes in hip fracture incidence are associated with changes in bone mineral density (BMD), if they apply in both urban and rural settings
The aim of this thesis was to expand the knowledge regarding the use and need of assistive devices, in particular mobility devices, and to investigate how, from a European perspective, the use of them changed during the ageing process. An additional aim was to explore the use of mobility devices in everyday life among very old Swedish women during a five-year period. Further, the aim was to contri
Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med de fyra delarbeten som presenteras i denna avhandling var att studera dels utfall av fotsår samt identifiera faktorer relaterade till utfall och dels risken för att utveckla nya sår efter läkning av tidigare sår hos patienter med diabetes, fotsår och uttalad perifer kärlsjukdom. Patienter med diabetes och fotsår med ett systoliskt tåtryck <45 mmHg eller ett aThe aim of the studies presented in this thesis was to study patients with diabetes and severe peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in regard to outcomes of foot ulcers, factors related to outcomes, and occurrences of new ulcerations and amputations following healing of the initial ulcer. Patients with diabetes and a foot ulcer, consecutively presenting at a multidisciplinary foot centre, with a sys
Human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) molecules are present on the cell surface of all nucleated cells. They bind intracellular peptides and present them to the immune system thus providing a readout to cytotoxic T-cells about the status of a cell. Maturation of the HLA-I molecule includes peptide binding in the endoplasmic reticulum with the assistance of several other proteins collectively cal
Background: Fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/VI) is a novel once-daily (OD) inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting beta(2) agonist combination in development for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Trial design: A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. Methods: Participants were patients with moderate-to-severe COPD treated with placebo
L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are expressed in the plasma membrane of muscles, neurons and endocrine cells where they serve as conductors of signals regulating cellular responses to changes in environment. Malfunctions of channels, as well as deregulations of their activity underlie numerous disorders and diseases commonly called channelopathies. In β-cells Ca2+ channels are central players f
Introduction: Elderly patients often use many drugs, increasing the risk for drug-related problems. Aim: To optimise drug therapy in the elderly by identifying, resolving and preventing drug-related problems. Methods: (Paper I) Medication reviews were conducted on nursing home patients’ with epilepsy or Parkinson’s disease by a multi-speciality team, whom identified drug-related problems and whe
The heterogeneous group of T-cell lymphomas consist mostly of aggressive diseasess, with generally unfavourable outcome compared to aggressive B-cell lymphomas following similar therapy. This thesis focus on outcome and risk factors for inferior survival, in an unselected population-based cohort of T-cell lymphoma patients. In the first study, outcome of the precursor malignancy T-cell Lymphoblast
OBJECTIVE-The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium has collected type 1 diabetic families worldwide for genetic analysis. The major genetic determinants of type 1 diabetes are alleles at the HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 loci, with both susceptible and protective DR-DQ haplotypes present in all human populations. The aim of this study is to estimate the risk conferred by specific DR-DQ haplotypes and genotypes
Purpose: To investigate differences in calculated doses and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) values between different dose algorithms. Methods: Six dose algorithms from four different treatment planning systems were investigated: Eclipse AAA, Oncentra MasterPlan Collapsed Cone and Pencil Beam, Pinnacle Collapsed Cone and XiO Multigrid Superposition, and Fast Fourier Transform Convolut
Popular Abstract in Swedish Epilepsi är en allvarlig kronisk neurologisk sjukdom, som drabbar ungefär 1% av befolkningen. Sjukdomen yttrar sig genom plötsliga återkommande krampanfall, som beror på en obalans i hjärnan mellan hämmande (inhibitoriska) och stimulerande (excitatoriska) nervimpulser. När de stimulerande impulserna tar överhand leder detta till överstimulering, också kallad för hyperexEpilepsy is a severe chronic neurological disorder, affecting about 1% of the population. The disease is manifested by spontaneous recurrent seizures, caused by hypersynchronized neuronal activity due to imbalance in the brain between the inhibition and excitation. Symptoms are treated with anti-epileptic drugs, but unfortunately, 30-40% of patients respond poorly to current treatment. Therefore,
This is the manual and user guide for the Rivet system for the validation and tuning of Monte Carlo event generators. As well as the core Rivet library, this manual describes the usage of the rivet program and the AGILe generator interface library. The depth and level of description is chosen for users of the system, starting with the basics of using validation code written by others, and then cov
An Imaginary Musical Road Movie revolves around two integrated objects: on the one hand, the programmatic and cyclic concept album Highway Rider (2010), which is jazz pianist and composer Brad Mehldau’s most complex instrumental work, and on the other hand transmediality, both as a concept and phenomenon. Musicologist Mats Arvidson claims that a deep understanding of an intermedial music culture i
Stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term neurological deficits worldwide, and no effective treatment is available for the vast majority of the stroke patients. A rapid and persistent activation of multiple and dynamic inflammatory and immune cascades, in and outside the brain, occurs after stroke. These cascades are believed to affect the progression of the cerebral damage, as well as neur
Personlig assistans infördes som stödinsats för personer med funktionshinder 1994. Insatsen är av stor betydelse både för den enskilde och anhöriga. På senare tid har två rättsfall lett till att flera personer fått sin assistans indragen eller fått avslag på ansökan om personlig assistans. Barn med funktionshinder är den grupp som drabbats värst av det restriktiva rättsläget. Utvecklingen har lett
Following the UNHCR:s launch of the #IBelong Campaign to End Statelessness by 2024 in November 2014, a Global Action Plan to End Statelessness: 2014 – 2024 was adopted urging states to undertake ten actions to end statelessness, including to facilitate the naturalization of stateless migrants. While the facilitated naturalization of stateless persons would certainly reduce the occurrence of statel
Public procurement and the purchasing of goods, services and works comprises about 14% of the European gross domestic product (GDP). Procurement initiatives, guidance and tools therefore can have significant influence to leverage demands for more sustainable and circular products and services. This study explores the current circular public procurement (CPP) landscape, looking at barriers and oppo
Electronic products consist of substances that can be harmful to human health and the environment if exposed or leaked during the product use and end-of-life phases. Full Material Disclosure (FMD), which usually requires suppliers to disclose on the concentrations or masses of all substances in a product, is one method of increasing supply chain transparency on chemicals in products. This case stu
Regeringen ämnar införa synsättet ekonomisk arbetsgivare i Sverige från och med den 1 januari 2021. Förändringen innebär att personer som tidigare kunde åberopa skattefrihet i Sverige till följd av den så kallade 183- dagarsregeln nu i vissa fall blir skattskyldiga i Sverige. Detta gäller arbetstagare som är anställda utomlands men som arbetar i Sverige och anses uthyrda till Sverige. En sådan uthThe Swedish government has proposed introducing the concept of economic employer in Swedish tax law. The changes are proposed to take effect on 1 January 2021 and entail that some individuals, whose income was previously tax exempt due to the so called 183-day rule, now will be subject to Swedish income tax. This applies to situations of hiring-out of labour. A hiring-out of labour situation occur
