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When deciding upon the usage of direct deliveries as opposed to central inventories, efficiency and strategic effects need to be considered. Operations management literature on efficiency effects is not hard to find but literature describing what other factors can affect the decision is more scarce. Even less literature can be found on the theme of deciding between direct or indirect physical flow
Bakgrund: För att tillverkande företag skall kunna vara konkurrenskraftiga, så är det viktigt att kontinuerligt sträva efter att eliminera alla orsaker till slöseri. En av de verktyg som kan användas för att bekämpa slöseri är TPM, vilket huvudsakligen är ett strukturerat sätt för att öka företagets tillförlitlighet till sina maskiner och produktionseffektiviteten genom att förstärka företagets unBackground: In order for manufacturing companies to stay competitive today, it is important to continuously strive towards eliminating any sources of waste. One of the tools to address waste elimination is to work with Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), which essentially is a structured way of improving the company’s machine reliability and production effectiveness through enhancing the sites mai
Power systems operate at a specific frequency and constantly require a balance between production and consumption of electricity in order to maintain the frequency within a certain interval. Larger frequency deviations can cause blackouts or damage equipment connected to the grid. Balancing functions that stabilise the grid are referred to as \textit{ancillary services}, which in Sweden include th
In the last few years the airline industry had experienced a rapid growth within the low cost segment. The expenses for the airline companies have during the same period increased, mostly due to higher fuel prices and higher capital costs for airplanes. As a result of this, the economic situation for the airline companies has come to be very strained. The Swedish Civil Aviation Authority (LFV), wh
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of disability, with a burden of disease estimated to increase over time. Joint Academy, a Web-based treatment for individuals with clinically verified knee or hip OA, was developed to increase access to and facilitate implementation of evidence-based nonsurgical OA treatment in accordance with international guidelines. Objective: The
I Sveriges centrala inland finns det allt från enstaka sanddyner till stora dynfält som täcker mer än 10 km2. Dessa dynfält passerar dock oftast obemärkt i landskapet på grund av det oftast markanta vegetationstäcke som fixerar dessa dyner. De är dock värdefulla för att kunna återskapa forna tiders klimat och vindmönster, men tyvärr har förhållandevis lite forskning angående dessa dyner bedrivits In the Swedish inland there are aeolian deposits present, ranging from scattered single dunes to dune fields of more than 10 km2. These dune fields often pass unnoticed since they presently are covered by vegetation. However, they contain a rich palaeoenvironmental archive. Only a few research papers have been published regarding these aeolian deposits during the last 90 years. The primary scope o
To remain competitive in the field of manufacturing today, companies must make their industrial robots smarter and allow them to collaborate with one another in a more effective manner. This is typically done by adding some form of learning, or artificial intelligence (AI), to the robots. These learning algorithms are often packaged as cloud functions in a remote computational center since the a
Popular Abstract in Swedish Synd och skam. Ogifta mödrar på svensk landsbygd, 1680-1880. Avhandlingens utgångspunkt har varit ogifta mödrar på svensk landsbygd i ett långtidsperspektiv, 1680-1880. Arbetet är kvinnohistoriskt och utgår från en önskan att synliggöra betydelsen av kön i det äldre samhället. Hur tänkte och resonerade man kring kön och sexualitet i det förindustriella bondesamhället? The situation of unmarried mothers in Swedish rural society during 1680–1880 is the subject of this thesis. It focuses on the judicial and religious discourse concerning extra-marital sexuality. The state felt duty-bound to control extra-marital sexuality, and this resulted in a dynamic legislative arena. An important objective has been to study the local consequences of legislative changes and ex
Background The World Health Organisation (WHO) 2013 diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been criticised due to the limited evidence of benefits on pregnancy outcomes in different populations when switching from previously higher glycemic thresholds to the lower WHO-2013 diagnostic criteria. The aim of this study was to determine whether the switch from previous Swedish
Viking Age silver is a useful tool for tracing various aspects of the society. Contact networks, trade organization, society structure, economic variation etc. This paper concentrates on the so-called Permian rings, which appear in Scandinavian silver hoards from Early Viking Age. Their main concentration is, however, in the regions west of the Ural Mountains in Russia. As the rings found in Russi
IMPORTANCE: In patients with clinically node-negative (cN0) breast cancer and 1 or 2 sentinel lymph node (SLN) macrometastases, omitting completion axillary lymph node dissection (CALND) is standard. High nodal burden (≥4 axillary nodal metastases) is an indication for intensified treatment in luminal breast cancer; hence, abstaining from CALND may result in undertreatment.OBJECTIVE: To develop a
Microcephaly is often caused by an impairment of the generation of neurons in the brain, a process referred to as neurogenesis. While most neurogenesis in mammals occurs during brain development, it thought to continue to take place through adulthood in selected regions of the mammalian brain, notably the hippocampus. However, the generality of neurogenesis in the adult brain has been controversia
OBJECTIVE: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) along the perivascular space (ALPS) (DTI-ALPS)-by calculating the ALPS index, a ratio accentuating water diffusion in the perivascular space-has been proposed as a noninvasive, indirect MRI method for assessing glymphatic function. The main aim of this study was to investigate whether DTI-ALPS would reveal glymphatic dysfunction in idiopathic normal pressu
IMPORTANCE: The outcomes of newborn infants of women testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy is unclear.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate neonatal outcomes in relation to maternal SARS-CoV-2 test positivity in pregnancy.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Nationwide, prospective cohort study based on linkage of the Swedish Pregnancy Register, the Neonatal Quality Register, and the Register for Communicab
Over the past two centuries, coastal regions have experienced various anthropogenic environmental stressors such as ocean acidification, pollution, warming, and deoxygenation that have impacted benthic marine life. Understanding the severity and potential outcomes of such changes is crucial for supporting effective environmental management strategies.Benthic foraminifera, protists with calcite tes
This thesis consists of four self-contained essays on different conflicts shaping local government policy. The first essay examines how population aging affects the generosity of public long-term care. Aging may directly affect long-term care policy as the elderly become a more important voter group. However, concerns for other citizens may dampen the political importance of the elderly. Fixed e
Popular Abstract in Swedish Yttre faktorerna i omgivningen som UV-strålning från solen, rökning, läkemedel, maten och påfrestande livssituationer kan leda till att kroppens celler börjar överproducera molekyler som kallas syrefria radikaler. Dessa molekyler reagerar kemist mycket lätt med omgivande ämnen. När syrefria radikaler bildas i kroppen i normala mängder ingår de som en del av immunförsvarOxidative stress can cause damage to DNA, proteins and lipids and is associated with inflammation and various human diseases as cancer, atherosclerosis, and autoimmune diseases. Polyphenol-rich diet, such as fruits and berries, may act as antioxidants and prevent oxidative stress and, thereby, associated diseases. Administration of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can affect the microflora in the gastro
The traditional sheet metal forming process, including cast steel die tool and conventional work materials, is fairly well established and analysed. Developments of new alternative materials make great demands upon new forming processes and manufacturing methods. A general goal for the manufacturing industries is to reduce the weight of metal parts, reduce batch sizes and reduce the lead-time of n
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den största källan till läkemedelsrester i vattenmiljön är utgående renat avloppsvatten från våra kommunala reningsverk. Läkemedel är utvecklade för att ha olika typer av biologiska effekter. Vilka dessa är i människan är relativt välkänt, medan effekterna på vattenlevande organismer och andra djur till stor del är okända. Detta i kombination med deras resistens mot de The discharge of effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is considered to be the major source of residual pharmaceuticals frequently found in aquatic environments. The complex nature of such compounds tends to make conventional biological treatments aimed at their removal ineffective. The present thesis concerns the removal of 62 different active pharmaceutical ingredients commonly dete
