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Uppsatsen behandlar frågan om hur USA:s konstitution ska tolkas. Frågan har inget givet svar, tvärtom, det råder väldigt delade uppfattningar om det. Skillnaderna grundar sig inte enbart i frågan om vilket tillvägagångssätt som är bäst för att tolka konstitutionen. I grund och botten handlar frågan om vilket sorts dokument konstitutionen är. Den stora skiljelinjen går mellan de som anser att den hThis essay deals with the question of how the United States Constitution should be interpreted. That is not a question that has a clear answer. On the contrary, the question in fact has no answer, at least not one that people agree about. As we will see, the differences in opinions runs far deeper than merely being about what kind of methodology should be used to construe the various statutes with

This master thesis contains an overview of existing additive manufacturing methods and considers possible new methods. The purpose being to develop a method for additive manufacturing that can create 3D objects with composite material and/or out of metal. Further this method should work on a low cost additive manufacturing machine. A development process is used in order to select an appropriate me

Neural electrodes used for measurements of action potentials in brain cells are often made of gold. These electrodes need to be suciently small to cover only one brain cell, but this induces the problem of increased impedance since impedance scales inversely with surface area. This means that if the surface area is too small, only noise will be measured. One way to overcome this problem is to try

This master thesis investigates the use of chemically exfoliated graphene, CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots and graphene quantum dots for fluorescence based detection of gunshot residue and explosives. Specifically, nitroglycerine is chosen as the target substance in gunshot residue and the nitroaromatic compounds trinitrotoluene and dinitrotoluene are chosen as target explosives. The experimental work

Denna rapport är en utvärdering av brandskyddet med avseende på personsäkerheten i Lunds domkyrka. Lunds domkyrka uppfördes på 1100-talet och ligger i centrala Lund. I kyrkan hålls en mängd olika evenemang, vid stora evenemangen kan uppemot 950 personer vistas i kyrkan. Ett virtuellt platsbesök hölls med domkyrkokamrerare Mats Persson och Elisabet Nord som är ansvarig för vaktmästeriet den 25 marThe following report is an evaluation of human safety in Lund Cathedral with regards to a potential fire and evacuation. With the help of a virtual visit to the cathedral, pictures and statistics from The Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (MSB), a general risk assessment was conducted in which possible fire- and evacuation scenarios were identified. A qualitative assessment of the probability and

I det svenska straffrättsliga systemet finns en lång tradition av att särbehandla unga lagöverträdare. Den vedertagna ideologiska uppfattning som ligger till grund för särregleringen framhåller att unga har en outvecklad ansvarsförmåga, att de besitter en ökad sanktionskänslighet samt att samhället bör visa tolerans för den unges mognadsprocess. För de yngsta lagöverträdarna måste även hänsyn tas In the Swedish criminal justice system, there is a long tradition of treating young offenders differently than adults. The accepted ideological view that underlies the special regulation emphasizes that young people have an undeveloped capacity for responsibility, that they have a greater sensitivity to punishment and that society should show tolerance for the young person's maturation process

From trash to treasure – detta är återbruk Vi lever idag i ett samhälle där ”slit och släng” är vanligt för bland annat kläder, möbler och leksaker. När något går sönder eller en nyare modell finns ute på marknaden slängs många föremål som hade kunnat användas (återbrukas). Att slänga föremål som fungerar eller hade kunnat lagas, skadar miljön. Det finns en tro om att återbruk av föremål inte är fToday we wear and tear objects and materials, in line with the linear economy. By instead reusing, the need for new production decreases, and so the extraction of raw materials, greenhouse gas emissions and generation of waste. By increasing the reuse rate, we can strive towards a circular economy and climb EUs waste hierarchy. The aim of this master’s dissertation was to study different business

Även om en av de tre pelarna i hållbarhetstriaden bredvid den ekonomiska och miljömässiga är social hållbarhet (SS) den minst studerade och undersökta. Eftersom dess definition, mätning och drift är föremål för olika tolkningar, tenderar social hållbarhet att undervisa och ibland förbises. Denna förklarande fallstudie undersöker de sociala hållbarhetsaspekterna i det lilla samhället i Greenhouse pAlthough one of the three pillars of the sustainability triad beside the economic and environmental, Social Sustainability (SS) is the least studied and researched. Since its definition, measurement and operation are subject to different interpretations, SS tends to be undertheorized and sometimes overlooked. This explorative case study investigates the SS aspects of the small community of the Gre

Over the last ten years young people Not in Education, Employment or Training (NEET) in Sweden have increased from three to almost sixteen percent. During the same period, decentralization of active labour market programs from central to local governments have been implemented. Consequently, since 2005 Swedish municipalities have a statutory obligation to offer young people in NEET appropriate sup

Aktiebolag som inte kan finansiera sin verksamhet enbart genom intäkter kan behöva ta in nytt kapital. Som huvudregel sker det genom att aktiebolaget emitterar nya aktier, teckningsoptioner eller konvertibler. Utgångspunkten är att befintliga ägare ska ha företrädesrätt till att teckna det antal av de emitterade värdepapperna som står i proportion till ägarens befintliga innehav. Sådana emissionerCompanies that cannot finance their business through revenue alone may need to raise new capital. As a rule of thumb, the company does so by issuing new shares, warrants or convertibles. The main rule is that existing owners should have preferential rights to subscribe for the number of securities issued in proportion to the owner's existing holdings. Such issues are called preferential issues

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which a strongly identity driven (brand oriented) organization in the not-for-profit sector can meet the expectations of the market’s wants and needs and still stay true to its identity. Methodology: Literature review, case studies Findings: The paper finds that brand oriented organizations that are fully aligned with

Using active radar for localization in indoor environments is challenging. By signal reflection off walls and other static objects, false targets occur, referred to as multipath "ghosts". These are a significant hinder in interpreting the data. For this reason mapping out problematic surfaces that produce reflections is an important task, preferably without prior knowledge of the room ge

In mobile communications the demand for increased capacity and speeds is a constant. 5G NR is the latest generation which is now seeing widespread adoption. Crucial technologies like Massive MIMO and beamforming are enabled by the use of large antenna arrays. While these arrays allow a 5G network to handle larger amounts of data at higher speeds they do have drawbacks. Specifically, the power requ

Den avtalsrättsliga lojalitetsplikten fungerar som skydd för parterna i den svenska avtalsrätten, och har sina rötter i den romerska rättens uttryck bona fides, vilket kan sammanfattas stå för rättvisa och hederlighet. Plikten kan ge uttryck för skyldigheter parterna emellan, som utöver det avtalade innehållet kan komma att aktualiseras i form av en allmän rättsprincip. Syftet med uppsatsen är attThe contractual principle of loyalty exists in Swedish contract law and protects the contracting parties. The principle has its roots in Roman law, and in its expression bona fides, which can be concluded as equivalence and honesty. The duty could express obligations between the parties which, in addition to the agreed content of the agreement, and may be used as general principle of law. The purp

This report presents combinatorics studies in the search for a resonance of below 800GeVwhich decay product is a pair of hadronic jets from quarks. The resonance, predicted as a dark matter mediator, has couplings to dark matter particles as well as quarks and gluons. The resonance is created in association with a radiated object that can be either a photon or a jet. In the case of the radiation b

This study investigates ideas about masculinity in criminal gangs, and how these ideas affect disengagement from gangs. A major problem with criminal gangs is that since they are outside society’s laws and norms, it is difficult for the judiciary to counter them with law enforcement. It is not possible to change gang member’s behaviors solely with laws, which leaves the legal system with a blind s

Birds living in temperate regions face an energetically demanding period in winter, when food availability becomes reduced and unpredictable. In order to conserve energy, wintering passerines reduce their metabolic rate (MR) and body temperature (Tb) during the night to enter into a state of hypothermia. The effect of food predictability on the energy budget of birds is not fully understood. There