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I samband med framarbetandet av 36 § avtalslagen uttrycktes olika uppfattningar vad beträffar hur domstolarnas avgöranden bäst bör utformas för att främja vägledning och förutsägbarhet i en annars obestämd generalklausul. Principiellt med möjlighet att stämpla villkor som oskäliga i sig framfördes i lagmotiven. Kausistiskt, baserat på omständigheterna i det enskilda fallet, menade flertalet remiss

Abstract Title: The Art of Shielding Luxury Brands: Defensive Strategies for Success Seminar date: 2023-06-01 Course: FEKH29, Degree Project Undergraduate level, Business Administration, Undergraduate level, 15 University Credits Points (UPC) Authors: Arvid Vesterberg, Oscar Frithiof and Stefan Karlsson Advisor: Jon Bertilsson Key words: Brand image, luxury brands, automotive industry, defensive,

Introduction: This project is about in vitro assays of metabolic stability and metabolite identification during early drug discovery. Background: Predicting metabolic stability is as essential part of drug discovery. Several in vitro systems exist including microsomes, S9 fractions and hepatocytes. Currently, hepatocytes are not used at the company, but there is demand from clients and projects.

In connection to the Covid-19 pandemic, the global economy suffered significant damage regarding supply chains and the flow of free, open markets. In the aftermath of these struggles, both researchers and the public are debating a potential shift towards moving production sites closer to the market. This development, in combination with the ongoing establishment of larger production sites in Norrl

Flerstegsklausuler anger att avtalsparter ska lösa tvister i olika steg. Fler-stegsklausulens försteg kan exempelvis ange att parterna i första hand ska lösa tvister genom medling. Klausulen avslutas alltid med ett slutsteg som föreskriver att parterna antingen får lösa tvister genom allmän domstol eller skiljeförfarande. Denna uppsats undersöker om civilrättsliga påföljder kan aktualiseras om en Multi-tiered clauses state that the parties shall resolve disputes in certain steps. For example, the first step of the multi-tiered clause may state that the parties should first resolve disputes through mediation. The last step of the clause always stipulates that the parties may either resolve disputes through general court or arbitration. This essay examines whether civil law sanctions can be

The European energy market has undergone a large transformation in the last 20 years. It has gone from being a market strictly controlled by the Member States and dominated by state monopolies to being a privatized market under the rules of the market economy. This process has as its main aim to create a free and unified European energy market characterized by productive competition. A number of s

This thesis examines cluster and innovation system theory’s answer to why some firms, and not others, based in particular nations achieve international success in distinct segments, and the European Union’s recent policy efforts based on such theories. On this background a discussion on the changes needed in national economic policymaking among EU Member States when the EU starts taking a cluster

This paper represents an endeavor to describe the ways in which the United States Government currently is responding to growing changes in public opinion – running counter to existing policies – with regards to drugs, most specifically to marijuana, and to therein establish the context of the debate over drug policy. The paper is not, however, a critique of any particular policy, or an attempt to

Resistivity in horizontal boreholes can give useful detailed information about the geological conditions for construction in rock, i.e. in front of a tunnel bore machine. This paper is an attempt to identify a suitable methodology for an effective measuring routine for this type of geophysical measurements under actual construction site conditions. Prior to any measurements numerical modelling was

Genomdrivandet av den immateriella skyddslagstiftningen är av största vikt för den inre marknaden. Såväl EU som medlemsstaterna har därför ambitiös skyddslagstiftning. I gällande rätt finns såväl straffrättsliga som civilrättsliga sanktioner. För rättighetshavare betraktas rätten till skadestånd som den mest centrala sanktionen. Denna uppsats syftar till att analysera gällande rätt, närmare bestThe means of enforcing intellectual property rights are considered paramount for the success of the internal market of the European Union. Hence, both the Union and its member states have ambitious regulations in place to protect intellectual property and to enforce such protection. The regulation consists of both criminal law and civil law sanctions; however, the most essential means of enforceme

This thesis researched the Cleantech Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ecosystem (CIEE) of South Africa with the dual aim to improve and operationalise a conceptual framework as well as to identify areas for intervention in the specific case of South Africa. Supporting the growth of cleantech solutions in developing countries and emerging economies can be an important driver of inclusive and sustain

Ten per cent of the population in the western world suffer from osteoarthritis – a widespread endemic disease that is estimated to cost the Swedish society equivalent to two per cent of the Swedish GNP annually, corresponding to over 50 billion SEK in 2009 in treatments and lost productivity. With an increasing aging population the incidence of osteoarthritis is expected to be further enhanced. In

From 2015 onwards almost every EU migration policy document has the professed objective of shaping a ‘fair, efficient, and sustainable’ migration. But what would a sustainable migration look like in terms of legal design? By focusing on the EU legal order, the article provides an answer to this question. Specifically, the article presents the findings of a critical historical study of different ar

The purpose of this essay is to acquire variables that explain and may be used as a base for wage estimation in the private sector in Sweden. The factors that are assumed to have an impact on wage estimation are based on earlier Swedish and international studies. Business survey data, which is based upon monthly questions to firms in various sectors of the Swedish economy posed by the Swedish Nati

Objective: Population-based osteoarthritis (OA) cohorts provide vital data on risk factors and outcomes of OA, however the methods to define OA vary between cohorts. We aimed to provide recommendations for combining knee and hip OA data in extant and future population cohort studies, in order to facilitate informative individual participant level analyses. Method: International OA experts met to m

Tissue factor (TF) expressed at the protein level includes two isoforms: The membrane‑bound full‑length TF (flTF) and the soluble alternatively spliced TF (asTF). flTF is the major thrombogenic form of TF, whereas asTF is more closely associated with tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis and cell growth. In order to further investigate the different expression and functions of TF splice variants,

The demands on library services are quickly changing in a continually updating digital age. This increases the importance of a good understanding of the needs and demands of the users. In order to sample and follow the change in user needs library organisations analyse their efforts using a series of different methods. In a recent survey distributed to all 301 European LIBER university libraries,

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be phenotypically and etiologically linked. However, due to the absence of prospective studies, it remains unclear whether the elevation of autistic traits in AN is evident in early childhood. Here, we prospectively investigated autistic traits before and after the first diagnosis of AN. Methods: In a population-based sample

In the present work, a systematic study on the interactions between carnosic acid (potent natural antioxidant from rosemary) and ethylpyrrolidine methacrylate-methyl methacrylate (EPyM/MMA) copolymer (synthesized in our laboratory) has been performed using different spectroscopic and thermogravimetric techniques. By comparing data obtained for the reference sample (carnosic acid + copolymer) with

What are we subjected to when presented with stories about art's past in the context of classrooms or collections? In order to prepare students for a profession in the humanities or in the field of artistic production and reception at large, art history courses in higher education are obliged to provide them with an understanding for the collection of texts, debates or works of art that are consid