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In the last decade a new and alternative source of geospatial data has become available, so called Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI). Private individuals voluntarily collect large amount of geographic data for a joint project. This data are usually free under certain licence restrictions. One of the most well known examples of VGI is the OpenStreetMap (OSM) project. Due to its increasing p

In 2015, The Swedish central bank; the Riksbank, decided to lower the repo rate to -0,1 percent. The idea was to stimulate inflation in order to reach the target inflation of 2% according to CPI. The decision was and is controversial. Even if the inflation based on CPI is very low, the inflation on asset prices especially in the housing market is very high. Meanwhile, the household debt is increa

During the last decade, upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) doped with rare-earth (RE) ions have been extensively studied in the field of biophotonics. Due to their unique properties of anti- Stokes shifted luminescence and with excitation and emission wavelengths optimal for biomedical imaging, they have become an interesting class of fluorescent contrast agents. An issue with downconverting fluor

The aim of this essay is to shed light on a part of the human consciousness that has been given little attention in the history of ideas, the dream. Through a historicizing of dreams, this essay wants to make history out of something natural, a way to see culture where there used to be nature. This is done by looking at three explanations of dreams, from different points in time, in order to exami

I Sverige, liksom i många andra rättsstater, finns regler om rättskraft. Till följd av dessa regler får ett avgjort mål inte tas upp till förnyad prövning, sedan målet slutligt avgjorts genom en lagakraftvunnen dom. Domstolarnas avgöranden ska därmed vara orubbliga och oföränderliga; ett synsätt som har sin grund i orubblighetsprincipen. I kontrast till orubblighetsprincipen står emellertid sanninIn Sweden, as in many other states governed by law, principles on legal force exist. As a result of these principles, an adjudicated case cannot be tried anew once the matter has been decided by a legally binding judgment. The rulings of the courts shall thus be firm and adamant; a rationale based on the principle of firmness. However, this contrasts with the principle of truth, which is based on

Värdepappershandel tillsammans med annan finansiell verksamhet har undantagits från mervärdesskatteplikt inom EU sedan 1977, när Direktivet 77/388/EEC lagstiftades. Ursprungligen stadgades undantaget för dessa finansiella tjänster på grund av skattetekniska problem som uppkommer vid framställande av det beskattningsbara underlaget. Direktivet, som sedermera har ersatts av Direktivet 2006/112/EC (tTrade in securities along with other financial activities has been enjoying the VAT exempt status within the EU since 1977, when Directive 77/388/EEC was passed. The VAT exemption for the financial services was originally enacted due to the difficulties relating to defining the taxable amount for the VAT purposes. The mentioned Directive, which has consequently been replaced by Directive 2006/112/

Backgrund: Nederman har ett långsiktigt mål att förbättra enheten i Helsingborg. Ett steg i detta är att se om det finns några förbättringar att genomföra i lagerstyrningen i form av lager- och servicenivåer. Detta då de anställda upplever dagens verktyg som ganska trubbiga för det nuvarande produktsortimenetet och att detta kanske kan förbättras genom ytterliggare en dimension på det befintliga sBackground: Nederman has a long term goal of improving their supply unit in Helsingborg. One step of this is to investigate if there are any improvements to be made in the inventory control in terms of stock levels and service level. This since the employees at Nederman believes that the existing methods are too blunt as a tool for the product range and that their methods can be improved by adding

Idag byggs allt fler hus i trä tack vare de många fördelarna trä har som byggnadsmaterial. Dels är miljöpåverkan mycket mindre i jämförelse med andra material som betong,dels är det ett väldigt lätt byggnadsmaterial. Den stora nackdelen med träkonstruktioner är dock dess akustiska egenskaper. Det är ofta svårt att uppnå de ljud krav som ställs på byggnader när man väljer en träkonstruktion, vilketConstructing buildings with wood brings many advantages, especially regarding environmental aspects, which has brought an up-rise in these types of structures. However, one of the main issues regarding wooden structures is its tendency to perform poorly acoustically in lower frequencies compared to heavier structures. This often leads to unwanted noise levels which could be avoided in earlier desi

Bör Sverige förbjuda rasistiska föreningar? Det är en fråga som många ställer sig i dagsläget. De senaste åren har problem med ökad rasism uppmärksammats i Sverige. Föreningar dedikerade till dessa rasistiska budskap har fått allt mer utrymme i media och ges demonstrationstillstånd på samma villkor som andra föreningar. De som är för ett förbud mot rasistiska föreningar menar att Sverige ska sättaShould Sweden prohibit racist associations? This is a highly relevant question of today since problems of increased racism has attracted attention in Sweden the last few years. Associations dedicated to racism has been given more and more space in the media and are given demonstration permits on the same terms as other associations. Those in favor of prohibiting racist associations says that Swede

In this thesis, the tilt locking scheme is applied to create an error signal that monitors length changes in a fibre-based microcavity. To find a robust and precise locking technique is an essential step towards quantum operations on single rare-earth ions doped in microcrystals. Quantum computing and information is a frontier of modern physics. Many scholars believe that Quantum technology will

In the last decade, news reports about an overall doomed brick-and-mortar retail landscape have grown. The field of commerce has experienced a digital boom, causing an increased shift of businesses from traditional brick-and-mortar retail to the internet. This structural transformation is changing the commercial landscape, putting serious pressure on city centre retail and urban development. Store

Denna uppsats hade som syfte att besvara frågorna om huruvida status som rättighetsbärare tillkommer ofödda människor, samt om gällande regleringar är tillräckliga för att skydda ofött liv. Undersökningen om rättighetsbärarstatus skedde inom ramen för rätten till liv, eftersom denna rättighet förutsattes vara den mest relevanta för ofödda människor. Uppsatsen undersökte först internationella mäns

Examensarbetets titel: Dialekters varumärkespersonlighet i marknadskommunikation Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka eventuella skillnader i mottagares uppfattning av dialekter med stöd i existerande teori om varumärkespersonlighet. Teoretiska perspektiv: Den teoretiska referensramen i studien utgörs av tre större delar. Första delen är en forskningsmetod som är utvecklad inom lingviTitle: The Brand Personality of Dialects in Market Communication Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate possible differences in recipient’s perception of dialects with support from existing theory of brand personality. Theoretical perspectives: The theoretical framework on which this study is based contains three different parts. The first part is a technique developed in linguisti

In light of diabetes becoming a global discussion topic, some steps ought to be taken to help reduce the number of individuals suffering from the disease. Keeping good glycemic control through a healthy diet helps prevent diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Plant lipids are increasingly being studied for their postprandial effects on humans. Using a randomized cross-over dose-effect design based

Food and the feminine self have always had a profoundly complex relationship. It has been the site of gender oppression, corporeal discipline and more recently, self-pleasure and creativity for women. It is clear that material world foodwork has provided women with a resource to navigate gender ideals, whether from a more traditional or contemporary perspective; this idea extends to foodwork in th

Under det senaste decenniet har rättsstatens ställning som ett värde av grundläggande vikt för EU-rätten ifrågasatts genom den politiska utvecklingen i vissa medlemsstater. Särskilt i Polen och Ungern går det att se hur centraladelar av statsmakten har nedmonterats. År 2021 införde EU en villkorlighetsmekanism, som ger EU:s institutioner befogenhet att hålla inne budgetåtaganden till medlemsländer

Flerstegsklausuler anger att avtalsparter ska lösa tvister i olika steg. Fler-stegsklausulens försteg kan exempelvis ange att parterna i första hand ska lösa tvister genom medling. Klausulen avslutas alltid med ett slutsteg som föreskriver att parterna antingen får lösa tvister genom allmän domstol eller skiljeförfarande. Denna uppsats undersöker om civilrättsliga påföljder kan aktualiseras om en Multi-tiered clauses state that the parties shall resolve disputes in certain steps. For example, the first step of the multi-tiered clause may state that the parties should first resolve disputes through mediation. The last step of the clause always stipulates that the parties may either resolve disputes through general court or arbitration. This essay examines whether civil law sanctions can be

Julius Tröger first synthesised ‘C17H18N2’ as an unknown product from the condensation of anilines with formaldehyde. From that point on, the history of Tröger’s base (TB) has widely evolved as new applications for its characteristic rigid, chiral framework easy to functionalise. It is in the field of supramolecular chemistry that TB has gathered the most attention these last years. This work is f

Prostatacancer är den näst vanligast förekommande typen av cancer för män i världen. Att ha tillgång till ordentliga och tillräckliga diagnostiseringsverktyg är därför en avgörande faktor för hur väl vården kan hantera och behandla patienterna. Idag används Gleason gradering for att bedöma hur allvarlig cancern är. Metoden introducerades på 60-talet och går ut på att granska hur välstrukturerade cProstate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer for men, making proper diagnostic essential. Using machine learning as a tool to help in digital pathology has become increasingly popular and helps to limit the high intra observer variability between pathologists. Due to the many cases of prostate cancer and the large differences between tumours, treatments have to be individualized for e

“Silences haunt every archive”, says Rodney Carter, words that illustrate the significance of the archival practice in selecting and arranging the documents that reflect the past. This study begins in the notion that the archivist’s profession represents a certain form of power, manifested in this practice. What sort of history and which stories that will be known in the future lies very much in t