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Time-of-flight mass-spectrometry (TOF-MS) measurements of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([EMIM][OTF]) vapors have been conducted in order to gain insight into the VUV (vacuum ultraviolet) absorption thresholds. The experimental data were interpreted with hybrid density-functional theory (DFT), time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT), and several flavours of many-body perturbation theor

Most deterioration processes in cement based materials are closely related to moisture sorption and moisture transport properties. Therefore, it is important to study these properties, both theoretically and practically. This work is an experimental investigation in this field. Nowadays, the cement industry produces cements with increasing amounts of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) to

The aim of this thesis was to study annually laminated (varved) Holocene lake sediment in Sweden, their formation and their potential as chronological and palaeoecological archives. Five lakes with continuous Holocene varved lake sediment sequences in northern (Västerbotten) and west central Sweden (Värmland) were investigated. Three of these sequences were discovered during this study, which iden

The inclusive e(+)p single and double differential cross sections for neutral and charged current processes axe measured with the H1 detector at HERA. The data were taken in 1999 and 2000 at a centre-of-mass energy of roots = 319 GeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 65.2 pb(-1). The cross sections are measured in the range of four-momentum transfer squared Q(2) between 100 and 30 000

This study explores the meaning of the two expressions 'times of refreshing' and 'time to restore everything' in Acts 3:19.21. These two eschatological motifs appear in a speech that the apostle Peter made, according to Luke's presentation, in the Jerusalem temple in the beginning of the 30s. The study is historical, and the meaning of the two expressions is sought in the contemporary world. It i

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling handlar om utveckling och tillämpning av metoder för jonstråleanalys av lätta ämnen (lättare än ungefär aluminium), framförallt vid en nukleär mikrosond. Vid en nukleär mikrosond accelereras tunga partiklar, t.ex. protoner, av en partikelaccelerator och fokuseras av ett speciellt magnetiskt linssystem ned till en storlek av ungefär 1 mikrometer. Denna sThis thesis treats the development of Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) methods, principally for the analysis of light elements at a nuclear microprobe (NMP). The light elements are in this context defined as those with an atomic number Z of less than approximately 13 (aluminium). The work reported is to a large extent based upon multiparameter methods. Several signals are acquired simultaneously, and the d

Popular Abstract in Swedish De flesta produkter som vi dagligen använder tillverkas genom att utnyttja fossila råvaror som olja, kol och naturgas. Ett stort problem är att dessa råvaror bara finns i begränsade mängder i naturen, vilket medför att de förr eller senare tar slut. Dessutom medför förbränning av fossila råvaror att det bildas miljöskadande gaser (t.ex. koldioxid) som ansamlas i atmosfäOne of the major challenges facing the world today is the reduction of our dependency on fossil resources as their exploitation has severe negative effects on the environment. One way of realizing this is to utilise the components of lignocellulosic biomass to a greater extent as feedstock for various industrial products. However, such utilisation requires the extraction of the biopolymers from th

Popular Abstract in Swedish Transporter är viktiga för ett fungerande samhälle, men samtidigt innehåller avgaserna från en förbränningsmotor farliga utsläpp som förorenar vår miljö. Kan vi på något sätt hindra att miljön blir förstörd av farliga utsläpp genom förbättrad motordesign? Frågan om global uppvärmning har varit vid liv enda sedan IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) grundadeThis thesis concerns a numerical investigation on heat transfer in internal combustion engines, with the aim of increasing engine efficiency. The efficiency gains are to be extracted from reduced heat transfer losses, by increasing the knowledge on how the heat transfer process is affected by various hardware and operational parameters in the engine. The engines concerned are both conventional die

Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) measurement and large eddy simulation (LES) were used to study confined isothermal turbulent swirling flows in a model dump combustor. The aim was to gain deeper understanding of the flow and turbulence structures in dump combustors and to examine the capability of LES for prediction of turbulent swirling flows. A refractive index matching technique is used in the L

Five acute leukaemia or highly malignant lymphoma patients at a hospital in southern Sweden were interviewed about their daily living problems, their coping strategies and their opinions about the nursing care they received during the active phase of their treatment. In addition the EORTC QLQ-C30, the Global Life Quality and the Sense of Coherence scales were administered. The data were analysed f

An early and accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is required to initiate symptomatic treatment with currently approved drugs and will be of even greater importance if disease modifying compounds in development display a clinical effect. Protein profiles of human cerebrospinal fluid samples from AD patients (n = 95) and population-based healthy controls (n = 72) were analyzed by SELDI-TO

Problem: Undersöker hur läkemedelsförpackningar interagerar med patienter i deras vardag och beskriver patienters behov på läkemedelsförpackningar. Syfte: Fördjupa mig i vilka användarbehov det finns på läkemedelsförpackningar ur patientens perspektiv. Och därigenom ökar medvetenheten och förståelsen av patientens behov på läkemedelsförpackningar och därigenom förhoppningsvis leda till förbättradProblem discussion: Examine how pharmaceutical packaging interact with patients in their everyday lives and describe patients’ needs off pharmaceutical packaging. Purpose: Immerse myself in what user needs are on pharmaceutical packaging from the patient's perspective. Thereby increasing awareness and understanding of patient needs in pharmaceutical packaging and thereby hopefully lead to imp

Increasing demand for higher data rates in wireless communication systems has tremendously evolved over the last years. This demand is rapidly increasing with rising in number of wireless devices. Advanced antenna systems (AAS) – known as massive MIMO – is one of the central enabling radio technologies for 5G cellular systems that significantly increase the data rates provided for data-hungry appl

Utsagor från vittnen är ett väsentligt inslag i en effektiv rättskipning. Hot och våld mot vittnen utgör därför ett stort hinder i det brottsbekämpande ar-betet. Om det allmänna inte kan erbjuda vittnen ett tillräckligt skydd vid så-dana angrepp, finns det risk att vittnen väljer att inte samarbeta med polisen, vilket i sin tur kan få till följd att grova brott förblir ouppklarade. I denna studie Statements by witnesses are an essential element of the efficient administra-tion of justice. The occurrence of serious forms of threats and violence to-wards witnesses and their relatives therefore constitutes a major impediment to the work in combating crime. If the public cannot offer witnesses suffi-cient protection from attacks, there is a risk that they will choose not to co-operate with the

The HIE-ISOLDE post accelerator at CERN has recently come online, en- abling the use of radioactive ion beams with energies of up to 10 MeV/u. An active target gaseous detector is under development for use in some of the experiments. The first investigation of the electron amplification stage with gas electron multipliers has been performed. To this end, a small prototype GEM detector was built an

Inom läkemedelssektorn, originalföretagen som investerar stora summor pengar i forskning och utveckling av nya läkemedel vanligtvis söker patent för flera skyddsområden. De försöker utnyttja det monopol ett patent ger för att skydda sina egna originalläkemedel mot generiska läkemedels marknadsinträde och utebliven vinst som det för med sig. Generiska företag för att kunna lansera sina generiska prIn the pharmaceutical sector, originator companies that invest large sum of money in R&D of new medicines usually file patent applications for several areas of protection. They try to take advantage of a monopoly that a patent grants to protect their medicines against generic entry on the market and consequently the loss of profits. Generic companies in order to be able to launch their generic

Clusters are particles which consist of a finite number (2 − 10 ^6−7 ) of atoms/molecules. For the work presented in this thesis free clusters have been produced in order to study their properties, free of interfering substrates, using photoelectron spectroscopy at the MAX-lab synchrotron facility in Lund, Sweden. The clusters were produced using a magnetron-based sputtering source and are conside

Biogas production is a renewable energy technology of great potential. The produced gas can be used for heat production, combined heat and power production, vehicle fuel production or as replacement for natural gas. The technology brings about synergic benefits as it is a means of waste management and since the digested material is a valuable fertiliser.An increased production of biogas is advocat