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Barn och unga involveras i allt större utsträckning i grov brottslighet med koppling till kriminella nätverk. För att motverka att underåriga rekryteras till kriminalitet infördes straffbestämmelsen i 16 kap. 5 a § brottsbalken om involverande av en underårig i brottslighet. Bestämmelsen speglar det allmännas intresse av att förhindra att barn och unga dras in i kriminalitet och kriminaliserar hanThe involvement of children and young people in serious crime linked to criminal networks has increased significantly. To prevent minors from being recruited into criminal activity, Chapter 16, Section 5a of the Swedish Penal Code concerning the involvement of a minor in criminality was introduced. The provision reflects the public interest in preventing children and young people from being drawn

We unbox developments in artificial intelligence (AI) to estimate how exposure to these developments affect firm-level labour demand, using detailed register data from Denmark, Portugal and Sweden over two decades. Based on data on AI capabilities and occupational work content, we develop and validate a time-variant measure for occupational exposure to AI across subdomains of AI, such as language

The study objective was to describe the types, localizations and severity of injuries among first division Bundesliga football players, and to study the effect of playing position on match and training injury incidence and severity, based on information from the public media. Exposure and injuries data from 1 448 players over 6 consecutive seasons were collected from a media-based register. In tot

Microbial decomposers are responsible for the breakdown of organic matter (OM) and thus regulate soil carbon (C) stocks. During the decomposition of OM, microorganisms can use the assimilated C for biomass production or respire it as CO2, and the fraction of growth to total assimilation defines the microbial carbon-use efficiency (CUE). As such, CUE has direct consequences for how microbial decomp

ObjectiveTo explore sex and age differences in Patient-Reported Outcomes Measures (PROMs) and adherence to digital osteoarthritis (OA) self-management intervention.MethodsA register-based study with data from an OA digital self-management intervention. PROMs and adherence were collected at baseline and/or 3 ​month follow-up: ‘pain intensity’ in hip/knee (best/worst: 0–10), ‘activity impairments' (

When rain falls on the city, it creates urban runoff that cause flooding, erosion, and water pollution. Municipal engineers manage a complex network of technical and natural systems to treat and remove these temporary water flows from cities as quickly as possible. Urban runoff is frequently discussed in terms of technical expertise and environmental management, but it encompasses a multitude of s

Collective harm cases are situations in which things will become worse if enough acts of a certain kind are performed but no single act of the relevant kind will make a difference to the outcome. The inefficacy argument says that since one such act does not make a difference to the outcome, you have no outcome-related reason to refrain from acting in this way. If this argument holds, you have no cCollective harm cases are situations in which things will become worse if enough acts of a certain kind are performed but no single act of the relevant kind will make a difference to the outcome. The inefficacy argument says that since one such act does not make a difference to the outcome, you have no outcome-related reason to refrain from acting in this way. If this argument holds, you have no c

Critical infrastructure systems must be both robust and resilient in order to ensure the functioning of society. To improve the performance of such systems, we often use risk and vulnerability analysis to nd and address system weaknesses. A critical component of such analyses is the ability to accurately determine the negative consequences of various types of failures in the system. Numerous mathe

While the global rush to control land resources is well established, ‘power-grabs’ in relation to marine and coastal resources are less well researched. Under the banner of ‘blue growth’, such power-grabs are taking shape through global policy processes that purportedly align the needs of the poor with profit interests and climate change concerns. This contribution critically interrogates these po

Lately, evidence for early-Holocene emerging sedentism has been suggested among foragers in Northern Europe. The core of this suggested sedentism lies in the increasing dependency on large-scale fishing and mass consumption of fish and a territorial behaviour associated with access to the best fishing locations. This territoriality might also be associated with increasing numbers of people settlin

Surveys and socio-professional studies carried out at national and international levels contribute to a better understanding of the lighting retrofit process. Within the framework of the International Energy Agency Task 50 - Advanced lighting solutions for retrofitting buildings- and its subtask C1 focusing on the analysis of workflows and needs, an online survey on lighting retrofit was initiated

The optimal duration of treatment with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) after venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) is uncertain. To tackle this issue, we retrospectively studied 206 patients with MPN-related VTE (deep venous thrombosis of the legs and/or pulmonary embolism). After this index event, we recorded over 695 pt-years 45 recur

To improve, it’s crucial to see! Vital characteristics of Lean are visualisation and transparency, i.e. allowing everyone to see all what occurs in production. A common tool for this purpose is Value Stream Mapping (VSM). Due to varying flows, performing a successful VSM in construction confers additional challenges. In this paper, lessons learned from successful VSM studies in construction are pr

Spatially coupled low-density parity-check codes can be decoded using a graph-based message passing algorithm applied across the total length of the coupled graph. However, considering practical constraints on decoding latency and complexity, a sliding window decoding approach is normally preferred. In order to reduce decoding complexity compared with standard parallel decoding schedules, serial s

This paper discusses numerical and experimental studies of biomass micro scale particles motion in turbulent flows. The biomass micro size particles are extremely anisotropic and typically of irregular shape with sizes varying between 200–6000 μm in length and 125–1400 μm in diameter. Four different types of biomass micro size particles from different sources are applied. Ten different numerical m

Commenting on Eco's papers about fakes, I claimed that what is meant by a fake depends on what is taken to be the original, and this, in turn, revolves around the relation between type and token. As observed by Prieto and Grice, a sign, apart from the content it conveys, also carries a message informing us that it is a sign. The scare crow is a sign to the addresser, but not, ideally, to the addre

An implementation of a small quantum absorption refrigerator in a circuit QED architecture is proposed. The setup consists of three harmonic oscillators coupled to a Josephson junction. The refrigerator is autonomous in the sense that it does not require any external control for cooling, but only thermal contact between the oscillators and heat baths at different temperatures. In addition, the set

The Covid-19 crisis has led to widespread impacts on society, not only in terms of high death tolls, but also in terms of cascading effects for essentially all societal sectors; especially due to all measures taken to reduce the spread of the disease. A range of actors have become involved in the response to the pandemic and to ensure appropriate actions being taken, these actors need good situati

Enhancing children’s participation in child protection is a frequent issue in social work. The aim of this article is to investigate the perceived knowledge and educational demands of actors in Sweden’s child protection system, regarding children’s right to participation and actors’ perceived ability to communicate with children. This article will try to answer two specific research questions: HoEnhancing children’s participation in child protection is a frequent issue in social work. The aim of this article is to investigate the perceived knowledge and educational demands of actors in Sweden’s child protection system, regarding children’s right to participation and actors’ perceived ability to communicate with children. This article will try to answer two specific research questions: How