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The centenarian Tröger’s base (TB) was envisaged as scaffold for the construction of tubular-shaped cleft molecules due to its the remarkable structural properties. This endeavor started with the synthesis of the three possible diastereomers of a linear symmetrically fused tris-TB analogue, the anti-anti, the syn-syn, and the syn-anti. All three diastereomers showed unprecedented stability to acid
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease exclusively produced by the prostate epithelium, and abundant in seminal fluid. In serum, PSA is predominantly complexed to a liver-derived serine protease inhibitor, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT). A higher proportion of serum PSA is complexed to ACT in prostate cancer than in benign prostate hyperplasia. Since the molecular b
In Sweden, as in other industrialised nations, occupational exposure limits are considered to be an important tool for chemical risk management, although many other factors also play a role in occupational safety and health management. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of occupational exposure limits in relation to information about, and the risk perception of, chemicals. An interv
The aim of this thesis was to reconstruct the Holocene vegetational and climatic development in the Sylarna-Storulvån area, western Jämtland, in the central Scandes Mountains. Temporal trends and fluctuations in the elevation and vegetational character of the tree-limit ecotone were studied mainly by means of pollen and plant macrofossil analysis of two lake sediment sequences (Lakes Stentjärn and
Immunoglobulin was separated from islet cel antibody positive plasma of six children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus. The dynamics of insulin release in response to glucose and partially purified antibodies were determined in dispersed rat islet cells perifused on small columns of Biogel P-2 beads. After perifusion at 5.5 mmol/L D-glucose in the presence of health
While Gender studies has sometimes been placed in opposition to biomedicine and medical practices in public debate, there is increasing scholarly recognition of the relevance of social factors and relationships for biological and medical phenomena and for the quality and equity of healthcare practices (Chin et al., 2016; Meloni, Cromby, Fitzgerald, & Lloyd, 2018; SKL, 2014). In Sweden and int
The structure tensor is a powerful tool describing the local intensity structure of an image or image sequence. In this paper we give a model for the noise distribution of the components of the tensor. In order to do so we have also investigated some properties of the gamma distribution. We show that, given an input image corrupted with Gaussian noise, the noise in the structure tensor can be mode
As the politics of climate change shift from the design of international institutions to the pursuit of decarbonisation across multiple sites, researchers are increasingly calling attention to the geography and politics of transitions. We suggest that recent work has so far been limited by its rather incongruous focus on power as a capacity held by individual agents on the basis of the resources w
At synchrotron light storage rings there is demand for serving high-brilliance users requesting multibunch operation while simultaneously serving timing users who require single-bunch operation. One method to accomplish this is PPRE developed and currently in user operation at BESSY II. In the method, the transverse emittance of one of the bunches in the bunch train is increased by an incoherent b
This paper argues that rules and norms are conceptually distinct: what is norm is not thereby rule, and vice versa. Versions of conflating the two are discussed and an argument for distinction given. Two objections to the argument are responded to. It is accepted that rules and norms are often intimately related. They are so causally, not conceptually: what norms we live by can make a difference t
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) plays a key role in linking terrestrial and aquatic carbon cycles. Most of the work on soil and water DOC has been conducted in temperate watersheds. There is still a gap in knowledge on DOC dynamics within the tropics. This study assesses water extractable organic carbon (WEOC) in topsoils and describes the relationship between WEOC and land use/land cover (LULC), s
Fear of large carnivores such as brown bears may restrict people’s outdoor activities regardless of experts’ estimated risk of attack. This research study empirically examined three exposure interventions in the form of guided walks intended to give people living in brown bear areas tools for coping with their fear. All interventions significantly reduced fear, decreased people’s perceived vulnera
We consider a MIMO system where error-prone feedback from the receiver is used by the transmitter to select a single optimum antenna to transmit data. Such error-prone feedback is common in the bandwidth-limited real systems, and is in marked contrast with the idealizations assumed in the selection literature. We show how the signaling assignment, which maps the antenna indices to the codewords th
Abstract in Undetermined An alternative to the standard endurance/perdurance accounts of persistence has recently been developed: the stage theory (Sider, 2001; Hawley, 2001). According to this theory, a persisting object is identical with an instantaneous stage (temporal part). On the basis of Leibniz’s Law, I argue that stage theorists either have to deny the alleged identity (i.e. give up their
Popular Abstract in Swedish Geografisk fördelning av inomartsvariation i vittspridda Euroasiska skogsväxter Torbjörn Tyler Sammanfattning av författaren's doktorsavhandling Inledning Arter's utbredningar bestäm's inte bara av omvärldsfaktorer som klimat och jordmån utan även av de möjligheter det givit's dem att sprida sig. För att sprida sig över stora geografiska områden kräv's tid och i en väMany woodland plant species have huge distribution areas covering large parts of the Eurasian continent including areas that were glaciated during the last glacial period. In the present thesis, the geographic distribution of variation within such species is investigated and discussed in relation to glacial survival and post-glacial migration, dispersal ability, breeding system and levels of gene-
Ambient temperature strongly determines the behaviour, physiology, and life history of all organisms. The technical assessment of organismal thermal niches in form of now so-called thermal performance curves (TPC) thus has a long tradition in biological research. Nevertheless, several traits do not display the idealized, intuitive dome-shaped TPC, and in practice assessments often do not cover the
The emergence of pottery in Europe is associated with two distinct traditions: hunter-gatherers in the east of the continent during the early 6th millennium BC and early agricultural communities in the south-west in the late 7th millennium BC. Here we investigate the function of pottery from the site of Rakushechny Yar, located at the Southern fringe of Eastern Europe, in this putative contact zon
