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OBJECTIVE: To combine prospective cohort studies, by including HLA harmonization, and estimate risk of islet autoimmunity and progression to clinical diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: For prospective cohorts in Finland, Germany, Sweden, and the U.S., 24,662 children at increased genetic risk for development of islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes have been followed. Following harmonization
Purpose: Presence of disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow (BM) has been described as a surrogate of residual disease in patients with early breast cancer (EBC). PADDY (Pooled Analysis of DTC Detection in Early Breast Cancer) is a large international analysis of pooled data that aimed to assess the prognostic impact of DTCs in patients with EBC. Experimental design: Individual patien
Objectives: An observed variation in the risk of celiac disease, according to the season of birth, suggests that vitamin D may affect the development of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate if vitamin D concentration is associated with the risk of celiac disease autoimmunity (CDA) in genetically at-risk children. Study Design: Children prospectively followed in the multinational T
Background: The worries of next of kin about their older loved ones in nursing homes can be extensive and can adversely affect their subjective experiences of their own physical, mental and social well-being. It is thus of utmost importance to measure the quality of life of next of kin in a valid and reliable way. Methods: The design is a cross-sectional study with psychometric evaluation based on
The aim of this thesis was to test a tool for assessing insomnia symptoms in elderly persons and to investigate late-life insomnia in terms of associated factors and evidence of non-pharmacological interventions in healthcare settings. Data were collected by means of a systematic literature search (Study I), questionnaires (Studies II-III), interviews and observations (Study IV). The results from
Context: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) have identified robust associations with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 9q22.33 (FOXE1), 14q13.3 (NKX2-1), and 2q35 (DIRC3). Our recently published GWAS suggested additional susceptibility loci specific for the high-incidence Italian population. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify no
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to see what luxury brands gain from a limited-edition collaboration in terms of segment, positioning and target group and based on the identity prism, see what characteristics that are transferred from and to the brands in the collaboration. Design/methodology/approach: First a literature review is presented with relevant theories for the purpose of the paper
2005 släppte Förenta Nationernas folkrättskommission rapporten "Fragmentation of International Law: Difficulties arising from the diversification and expansion of International Law". Även om fragmenteringen av folkrätten hade varit ett diskussionsämne långt före 2005 fick rapporten verkligen debatten ta fart och fragmentering att bli en av de mest omdebatterade frågorna under senare år bIn 2005 the United Nations International Law Commission released the report Fragmentation of International Law: Difficulties arising from the diversification and expansion of International Law. Although fragmentation of international law had been a topic of discussion long before 2005 the report really made the debate take off, becoming one of the most debated issues in recent years among internat
With the transition towards an electrified vehicle fleet, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have come into focus for different stakeholders due to their high costs, resource, and energy demands for production as well as connected environmental concerns and supply risks. Circular economy (CE) strategies to slow and close resource loops and circular business models (CBMs) are discussed as solutions to th
The issue of understanding how electrical and mechanical systems work and how the components interact is not a trivial issue for most people. To help students understand these systems and thereby increase the knowledge for the future engineers, educational computer games may act as an important learning platform. This project aims at aiding students in their effort to reach knowledge in the area o
Background: Heroin addiction is a chronic relapsing illness associated with high mortality. Drug assisted maintenance treatment (MT) with methadone or buprenorphine is evidence-based and effective. Recently a new outpatient MT program, with fast access to treatment, was started in Malmö, Sweden. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate 1-year retention in MT for opiate dependence in an outpati
Objectives Investigating men's perceived lifetime risk of prostate cancer. Design Survey-based study to men invited for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in the GÖTEBORG-2 trial between September 2015 and June 2020. Setting 38 775 men in the Gothenburg area, Sweden, were invited for PSA-Testing and participated in a survey. Participants 17 980 men participated in PSA-Testing, of whom 13 18
Popular science: Public transport plays an important role in enabling people to move from one place to another. The provision of information related to public transportation enables travelers to pre-plan their journeys and even save time that would have been spent asking around or looking for this information from other sources. The city of Nairobi has a population of about four million people, mo
The introduction of total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) testing in serum has revolutionized the detection and management of men with prostate cancer. This review will highlight some of the exciting new developments in the field of prostate cancer screening in general and from our SPORE research program at Memorial-Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. First, it is important to understand that the inhe
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of evidence-informed priority setting and situational analysis in pandemic preparedness and response. Health Technology Assessment (HTA) has been identified as an essential tool for evidence-informed decision-making in healthcare. However, the potential role of HTA in pandemic preparedness and response in Africa has yet to be explore
The thesis presented here delves into why dwell time delays for commuter trains occur, with a specific focus on the impact of boarding and alighting passengers. The overarching aim is to develop knowledge of how time delays arise to identify and describe potential ways in which dwell time delays can be reduced. In addition to this, a secondary aim is to identify how dwell times can be studied on a
In the context of higher demands on the development of clean energy technologies due to the issue of water shortage in China and the implementation of the 2060 carbon-neutral objective, floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems present novel opportunities for transforming the energy structure through land conservation and enhancement of power generation efficiency compared to conventional solar systems.
Hvordan kan kriminalforsorgens tilsynsarbejde integrere tilfælde af demokratisk emancipation (: frigørelse, selvstændiggørelse) og dermed inspirere til deltagende medborgerskab for marginaliserede klienter? Dette forskningsprojekt balancerer en interesse i socialt arbejde og dets muligheder for at levere emancipationgennem motivationsarbejde med en opmærksomhed på den senere tids udviklinger i skHow can offender supervision in the execution of state-sanctioned punishment integrate instances of democratic emancipation and thereby inspire participatory citizenship for disenfranchised clients?This project balances an interest in social work and its prospects for delivering emancipation through motivational agency, on the one hand, with an attentiveness to recent developments in Scandinavian
Objective: Late night spontaneous growth hormone (GH) pulses may influence the pituitary GH response to provocation tests. We evaluated GH response during arginine-insulin-tolerance test (AITT) after a GH peak during a short spontaneous nocturnal profile (SSNP) in children with short stature or low growth velocity. Design: Using SSNP and subsequent AITT, we examined 257 children 4–18 years old (13
PURPOSE: This study was designed to assess aorto-iliac morphological characteristics in relation to reintervention and all-cause long-term mortality in patients undergoing standard EVAR for infrarenal AAA. METHODS: Patients treated with EVAR (Zenith(®) Stentgrafts, Cook) between May 1998 and February 2006 were prospectively enrolled in a computerized database where comorbidities and preoperative
