Filtyp
Background: The high prevalence of unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections among young people in Sweden are the result of a trend towards increased sexual risk-taking behaviour. While a few qualitative studies suggest that some of these young people take sexual risks as an escape from loneliness, the associations between loneliness and sexual risk-taking behavior are still not w
Reconciliation research consists of two practices, one focusing on the emotional and healing aspects of the process and another that focus on the political and legal actions. Yeudith Auerbach created a theory, the reconciliation pyramid, which aims to manage both aspects. The purpose of this thesis is to apply Auerbach's theory to the reconciliation process in two empirical cases, the Rwandan
Popular Abstract in English Nanoscience and nanotechnology have existed in this world before scientists actually coined the terms. Nature around us and human beings themselves are all made of nanomaterials (1-100 nm), such as DNA, proteins, liposomes, and enzymes. These building blocks possess molecular recognition properties, resulting in their self-assembly to form various two- and three-dimensiMolecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are artificial receptors made by imprinting template molecules in a polymer matrix followed by their removal through washing to obtain a specific and selective template cavities. This property of the MIPs have made them a very efficient material for diverse applications such as chromatography, purification, drug sensing, etc. Recently, zero-dimensional polymer
Potato is one of the major food crops and its yield is severely affected by late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. P. infestans has the ability to manipulate plant defence signalling by secreting effector molecules causing so called effector triggered susceptibility. Some plants can recognize these effectors via resistance proteins that reactivate plant defence and lead to effector
Microorganisms can be used for production of pharmaceutical substances. With the introduction of gene technology, it is possible to transfer information from one organism to the other, thereby making the receiving organism capable of producing substances that it did not so before. This development is very important for e.g. production of therapeutic proteins However, when using living organisms fo
Importance: Proposal of an innovative approach to clarify the mechanism through which poor cognitive performance in adolescence impacts risk for schizophrenia (SZ).Objective: To determine whether the developmental processes that predispose to SZ are better reflected by the observed cognitive performance in adolescence or the deviation of that performance from the individual's familial cognitive ap
Multiple myeloma (MM) is caused by the uncontrolled, clonal expansion of plasma cells. While there is epidemiological evidence for inherited susceptibility, the molecular basis remains incompletely understood. We report a genome-wide association study totalling 5,320 cases and 422,289 controls from four Nordic populations, and find a novel MM risk variant at SOHLH2 at 13q13.3 (risk allele frequenc
Skogar tillhandahåller en mångfald av produkter och tjänster som alla är kopplade till vattenresurser. Träd behöver vatten för att växa och samtidigt förändrar träd kvalitén och kvantiteten av avrinningen genom modifiering av vatten- och näringsämneskretsloppet. Förståelsen av samspelet mellan skog och vatten är grundläggande för att kunna utvärdera konsekvenserna av naturlig och antropogen påverkForests provide multiple products and services which are all are linked to water resources. Trees need water to grow and, at the same time, they change the quality and the quantity of runoff by modifying water and nutrient cycling. The understanding of the interactions between forest and water is fundamental to assess the consequences of natural and anthropogenic pressures, such as climate change
Catalysts are used to produce a large fraction of the materials we use in our modern society. Avery famous example is the highly efficient catalysts that are used to fix nitrogen from the air intoartificial fertilizer salts. Without this catalytic process, it is difficult to imagine that we could feedthe current population of earth. Artificial fertilizers are, however, not the only product that usCobalt oxides are known to be active catalysts for a number of chemical reactions, but very little is known about the atomic scale processesresponsible for the activity. The research presented in this thesis is focused on obtaining an atomic scale understanding of the chemistry of wellcharacterizedcobalt oxide model catalyst surfaces consisting of pristine and defective CoO and Co3O4 thin films wi
Development of a robust automated platform for enrichment of extracellular vesicles from low sample volume that matches the needs for next-generation sequencing could remove major hurdles for genomic biomarker discovery. Here, we document a protocol for urinary EVs enrichment by utilizing an automated microfluidic system, termed acoustic trap, followed by next-generation sequencing of microRNAs (m
Background Increased postoperative cardiac troponin (cTn) independently predicts short-term mortality. Previous studies suggest that preoperative cTn also predicts major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality after noncardiac surgery. The value of preoperative and perioperative changes in cTn as a prognostic tool for adverse outcomes has been sparsely investigated. Methods and findings
It is important to study the factors affecting estimates of wetness since wetness is crucial in climate change studies. The availability of digital elevation models (DEMs) generated with high resolution data is increasing, and their use is expanding. LIDAR earth elevation data have been used to create several DEMs with different resolutions, using various interpolation parameters, in order to comp
Microhabitat conditions determine the magnitude and speed of microbial processes but have been challenging to investigate. In this study we used microfluidic devices to determine the effect of the spatial distortion of a pore space on fungal and bacterial growth, interactions, and substrate degradation. The devices contained channels differing in bending angles and order. Sharper angles reduced fu
Introduction: Atopic asthma and allergic rhinitis are common chronic inflammatory diseases affecting lower airways and nasal mucosa, respectively. Several reports demonstrated frequent co-occurrence of these two diseases, however, the exact molecular mechanism has not been described. The present study aimed to investigate if small non-coding RNA might be responsible for the co-occurrence of asthma
Dynamic glucose enhanced (DGE) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is an emerging imaging technique that provides a molecular-specific type of image contrast, based on magnetic labelling of exchangeable protons. The technique enables the use of biodegradable sugars as contrast agents, and such compounds are believed to have less side effects than conventional MRI contrast agents. HoweDynamic glucose enhanced (DGE) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is an emerging imaging technique that provides a molecular-specific type of image contrast, based on magnetic labelling of exchangeable protons. The technique enables the use of biodegradable sugars as contrast agents, and such compounds are believed to have less side effects than conventional MRI contrast agents. Howe
Biomass residues have been identified as potentially promising resources for production of bio-based products and fuels with low climate impacts. Unlike primary biomass such as crops, using residual biomass may avoid issues such as competition over land for food and feed production. To assess the climate impacts of products made from residual biomass, a life cycle assessment (LCA) may be used, but
Cell culturing methods are increasingly used to reduce and replace the use of live animals in biomedical research and chemical toxicity testing. Although live animals are avoided when using cell culturing methods, they often contain animal-derived components of which one of the most commonly used is foetal bovine serum (FBS). FBS is added to cell culture media among other supplements to support ce
During the 20th century, a number of actors and institutions set out to develop taxonomies of the Swedish population. This thesis examines the most important social classification system, the social group, which despite its great importance in administrative, scientific, commercial, political and media contexts has received little attention in historical research. Invented by the Central Bureau
Reception – hospitality and hostilityMarcus Knutagård and Arne KristiansenSchool of Social Work, Lund UniversityThe aim of this paper is to analyse the practice of reception of newly arrived migrants. The paper is part of an ongoing project Scanian homes: Reception, settlement or rejection – homelessness policies and strategies for refugee settlement. The aim of the project is to investigate the p
There is a long history of avian studies investigating the impacts of urbanization. While differences in several life-history traits have been documented, either between urban and rural populations or across generalized urbanization gradients, a detailed understanding of which specific environmental variables cause these phenotypic differences is still lacking. Here, we quantified several local en
