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Stress, such as heat-shock, hypoxia and hypoglycemia, inhibits the initiation of protein synthesis. The effects of heat-shock on protein synthesis, eucaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) activity, protein kinase C (PKC), and casein kinase II (CKII) activities were studied in primary cortical neuronal cultures. In neurons exposed to heat-shock at 44°C for 20 min, protein synthesis is inhibited by m
Abstract— Growth factors stimulate cellular protein synthesis, but the intracellular signaling mechanisms that regulate initiation of mRNA translation in neurons have not been clarified. A rate‐limiting step in the initiation of protein synthesis is the formation of the ternary complex among GTP, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (elF‐2), and the initiator tRNA. Here we report that genistein, a speci
Systemic hyperglycemia and hypercapnia severely aggravate ischemic brain damage when instituted prior to cerebral ischemia. An aberrant cell signaling following ischemia has been proposed to be involved in ischemic cell death, affecting protein kinase C (PKC) and the calcium calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII). Using a cardiac arrest model of global brain ischemia of 10 min duration, we investigated the
The present study aimed to study the relation between the release of arachidonic acid (AA) and the energy state in cerebral cortices of rats during single episodes of cortical spreading depression (CSD). The changes in concentrations of AA, labile phosphate compounds [ATP, ADP, AMP, and phosphocreatine (PCr)], and glycolytic metabolites (lactate, pyruvate, glucose, and glycogen) were studied durin
Importance: Proposal of an innovative approach to clarify the mechanism through which poor cognitive performance in adolescence impacts risk for schizophrenia (SZ).Objective: To determine whether the developmental processes that predispose to SZ are better reflected by the observed cognitive performance in adolescence or the deviation of that performance from the individual's familial cognitive ap
Rare earth elements comprise the metallic elements known as lanthanides as well as scandium and yttrium. They are extensively used in modern technological industries and are considered as strategic commodities in many countries. Rare earth element minerals with varying compositions are found at deposits throughout the world, though most of the global REE supply comes from only a few sources. The cRare earth elements comprise the metallic elements known as lanthanides as well as scandium and yttrium. They are extensively used in modern technological industries and are considered as strategic commodities in many countries. Rare earth element minerals with varying compositions are found at deposits throughout the world, though most of the global REE supply comes from only a few sources. The c
The Church has been a dominant actor in the history of care and social support, but it met several restrictions during the 20th Century. The Church of Sweden now has,since the separation from the state A.D. 2000, the possibility to act as a "welfare entrepreneur". But the willingness to do so seems limited. Even if innovative examples are seen the parishes hesitate for organisational and ideologic
All assessments are events within a process that has the goal of making decisions about instruction, learning, curriculum, students, institutions, and consequences. Three underlying disciplines (i.e., psychometrics, psychology, and sociology) inform the evaluation of assessments. Error is ubiquitous in the selection of tasks that constitute an assessment, the administration, marking, reporting, an
Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related disorder associated with maternal hypertension and placental dysfunction. A significant micronutrient during pregnancy is iron, which is important in cellular functions. While iron absorption increases in pregnancy, little is known about the exact mechanisms regulating maternal iron levels and transfer through the placenta in normal and compli
Cell culturing methods are increasingly used to reduce and replace the use of live animals in biomedical research and chemical toxicity testing. Although live animals are avoided when using cell culturing methods, they often contain animal-derived components of which one of the most commonly used is foetal bovine serum (FBS). FBS is added to cell culture media among other supplements to support ce
The purpose of this study is to explore the concept of social acceleration by examining how cities are trying to speed up, maintain or slow down the pace of societal change. Through studies of cycle logistics policies and actions in cities in Denmark, Norway, the UK, the Netherlands, and Germany, we show how these balance between acting as pace-makers and pace-takers, as well as what the consequenThe purpose of this study is to explore the concept of social acceleration by examining how cities are trying tospeed up, maintain or slow down the pace of societal change. Through studies of cycle logistics policies andactions in cities in Denmark, Norway, the UK, the Netherlands, and Germany, we show how these balance be-tween acting as pace-makers and pace-takers, as well as what the consequenc
Herein is reported an efficient catalytic system for the direct synthesis of styrene carbonate from styrene and CO2. The preparation and characterization of the catalyst using FTIR, TEM, EDX, XPS, and PXRD is presented. The catalyst comprised of nano-silver modified polyoxometalates (Agx/POM) and n-tetra butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) was employed in the oxidative carboxylation of styrene with CO2
Due to the global demographic change many more people will need to work until anolder age, and organisations and enterprises need to implement measures to facilitate an extendedworking life. The aim of this study was to investigate organisational measures and suggestionsto promote and make improvements for a healthy and sustainable working life for all ages in anextended working life. This is a qu
Background: This study explored peer-led sex education for individuals with intellectual disabilities and/or autism (ID/ASD) from the perspective of project leaders within Swedish non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The purpose of this Grounded Theory study was to develop a conceptual model that characterizes the ways in which peer-led sex education is implemented by Swedish NGOs. This was done
The introduction of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems has dramatically transformed wireless communication systems, in particular in the Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) systems, fundamentally changing how signals are transmitted and received. MIMO technology deploys numerous antennas to transmit and receive multiple data streams simultaneously. The presence of obstructions and scatThe introduction of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems has dramatically transformed wireless communication systems, in particular in the Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) systems, fundamentally changing how signals are transmitted and received. MIMO technology deploys numerous antennas to transmit and receive multiple data streams simultaneously. The presence of obstructions and scat
Over the past 50 years there has been an unprecedented increase in pollution globally. Population growth and higher standards of living have resulted in increases in global consumption facilitated by industrialisation and globalisation of goods and services thus resulting in the release of environmental pollutants on a mass scale. This article analyses the effects and consequences of pollution on
Purpose: The Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study (EXPRESS) followed a national cohort of extremely preterm born (EPT, i.e. <27 weeks) children until 12 years of age. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal development of visual acuity (VA) in children born EPT, explore the predictive value of early visual assessments, and evaluate risk factors for visual impairment at the age of 12
